As a new material, the researches on polyvinyl alcohol fiber cement stabilized macadam are also less. This
article studies the effect of different volume fraction of fiber length on the compressive strength and splitting
tensile strength of cement stabilized macadam.To promote polyvinyl alcohol fiber cement stabilized macadam’s
application,it has theoretical significance and engineering application value.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Effect of naoh mercerisation on the cross linking of conventional and compact...eSAT Journals
Abstract An investigation of the effect of resin finishing on the properties of conventional and compact cotton yarn is reported. It is shown that compact yarns suffer greater weight losses than those of conventional yarns following cross linking treatment. Bending rigidity shows an increase with the concentration of sodium hydroxide prior to cross linking in both conventional and compact yarns. The yarn structure also plays an important role in resin finishing.
A Study on Steel Fiber Reinforced Normal Compacting ConcreteIJERA Editor
Plain concrete which is strong in compressive strength possesses a very low tensile strength, limited ductility
and little resistance to cracking. Internal micro cracks are inherently present in the concrete due to drying,
shrinkage and poor tensile strength, eventually leading to brittle fracture of concrete. Hence fibres are added to
concrete to overcome these disadvantages. Fibre Reinforced Concrete (FRC) is a concrete composite of cement,
fine and coarse aggregate and fibres with different proportions. In plain concrete, micro cracks develop even
before loading, particularly due to drying, shrinkage or other causes of volume change. The width of these initial
cracks seldom exceeds few microns. When loaded the micro cracks propagate and open up, due to the effect of
stress concentration additional cracks form in place of minor defects. Fibres enable concrete to progress from
plastic state to hardened state without weakness. This is achieved by the reduction of micro crack formation,
reduced segregation and decreasing the scope of capillary formation, thus reducing permeability. Generally,
fibres are chosen depending upon the aspect ratio.
Out of all types of fibres, steel fibres are mostly used because steel has high modulus of elasticity, high
elongation, high tensile strength and the bond between steel and the fibre is enormous. The present experimental
investigation was carried out to evaluate the influence of steel fibres on physical and mechanical properties of
concrete, containing cold drawn carbon steel fibres of hooked end type having aspect ratio of 50 with diameter
0.6mm and length 30mm with varying percentages of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2.0% volume fraction is added to the
concrete. Concrete is evaluated for compressive, split tensile and flexural strength at 7, 28 and 90 days, with the
addition of 1.5% fibres, test results show the maximum compressive, split tensile and flexural strength, it
becomes the optimum value. Split tensile and flexural strength of concrete is done only up to 1.5% volume.
Moreover, the results confirmed that the steel fibre reinforced concrete reduce cracking and improves flexure.
Fabrication and Mechanical Charecterization of Cnt NanocompositesIOSR Journals
The effects of Amine, Epoxide functionalization of multi-wall carbon nanotubes on properties of CNT/epoxy nanocomposites are investigated in this work. Adding CNTs to the matrix is expected to improve the stiffness, toughness, interlaminar shear strength of and many other properties of composites. Functionalization with different amino and epoxide groups of multi-walled carbon nanotubes was achieved and nanotube-reinforced epoxy nanocomposites were prepared by mixing amino, epoxide-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes with epoxy resin. The reinforcement mechanism of amino-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes in epoxy resin was discussed. Interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), Three point bending test and Re-bound hardness tests were used to investigate the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites and functionalization groupings are investigated by Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR). Then the results of amine, epoxide group are compared with No-CNT nanocomposite. The results showed that different percentage of amino, epoxide -functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes would have different effects on the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites. The amine functionalizes CNT composites are giving good results compare to another samples
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Effect of naoh mercerisation on the cross linking of conventional and compact...eSAT Journals
Abstract An investigation of the effect of resin finishing on the properties of conventional and compact cotton yarn is reported. It is shown that compact yarns suffer greater weight losses than those of conventional yarns following cross linking treatment. Bending rigidity shows an increase with the concentration of sodium hydroxide prior to cross linking in both conventional and compact yarns. The yarn structure also plays an important role in resin finishing.
A Study on Steel Fiber Reinforced Normal Compacting ConcreteIJERA Editor
Plain concrete which is strong in compressive strength possesses a very low tensile strength, limited ductility
and little resistance to cracking. Internal micro cracks are inherently present in the concrete due to drying,
shrinkage and poor tensile strength, eventually leading to brittle fracture of concrete. Hence fibres are added to
concrete to overcome these disadvantages. Fibre Reinforced Concrete (FRC) is a concrete composite of cement,
fine and coarse aggregate and fibres with different proportions. In plain concrete, micro cracks develop even
before loading, particularly due to drying, shrinkage or other causes of volume change. The width of these initial
cracks seldom exceeds few microns. When loaded the micro cracks propagate and open up, due to the effect of
stress concentration additional cracks form in place of minor defects. Fibres enable concrete to progress from
plastic state to hardened state without weakness. This is achieved by the reduction of micro crack formation,
reduced segregation and decreasing the scope of capillary formation, thus reducing permeability. Generally,
fibres are chosen depending upon the aspect ratio.
Out of all types of fibres, steel fibres are mostly used because steel has high modulus of elasticity, high
elongation, high tensile strength and the bond between steel and the fibre is enormous. The present experimental
investigation was carried out to evaluate the influence of steel fibres on physical and mechanical properties of
concrete, containing cold drawn carbon steel fibres of hooked end type having aspect ratio of 50 with diameter
0.6mm and length 30mm with varying percentages of 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2.0% volume fraction is added to the
concrete. Concrete is evaluated for compressive, split tensile and flexural strength at 7, 28 and 90 days, with the
addition of 1.5% fibres, test results show the maximum compressive, split tensile and flexural strength, it
becomes the optimum value. Split tensile and flexural strength of concrete is done only up to 1.5% volume.
Moreover, the results confirmed that the steel fibre reinforced concrete reduce cracking and improves flexure.
Fabrication and Mechanical Charecterization of Cnt NanocompositesIOSR Journals
The effects of Amine, Epoxide functionalization of multi-wall carbon nanotubes on properties of CNT/epoxy nanocomposites are investigated in this work. Adding CNTs to the matrix is expected to improve the stiffness, toughness, interlaminar shear strength of and many other properties of composites. Functionalization with different amino and epoxide groups of multi-walled carbon nanotubes was achieved and nanotube-reinforced epoxy nanocomposites were prepared by mixing amino, epoxide-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes with epoxy resin. The reinforcement mechanism of amino-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes in epoxy resin was discussed. Interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), Three point bending test and Re-bound hardness tests were used to investigate the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites and functionalization groupings are investigated by Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR). Then the results of amine, epoxide group are compared with No-CNT nanocomposite. The results showed that different percentage of amino, epoxide -functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes would have different effects on the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites. The amine functionalizes CNT composites are giving good results compare to another samples
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Behavior of combination of coconut fiber and recron fiber in concreteeSAT Journals
Abstract
Concrete is strong in compression, as aggregate efficiently carries the compression load. However, it is weak in tension as the
cement holding the aggregate in place can crack, allowing the structure to fail. This weakness had been adjusted over many
decades by using a system of reinforcing bars (rebar) to create reinforced concrete; so that concrete primarily resists compressive
stresses and rebar resist tensile and shear stresses and rebar resist tensile and shear stresses. It has been recognised that addition
of small, closely spaced and uniformly distributed fibres to concrete would act as a crack arrester and would significantly
improve the its static and dynamic properties
Keywords: fibre, shear stresses, rebar, concrete
EKSPERIMENTAL STUDY OF TENSILE STRENGTH OF BAMBOO BLOCK LAMINATION: OPTIMUM V...AM Publications
The use of bamboo lamination substitute wood for structural beams. Damage of glue-line bamboo
lamination beam before collapsing to influence of flexural strength. The objective of this study to know the effect of
shear connector PVAc resin to the tensile strength bamboo block lamination. Shear connector with incising method
on bamboo blade. The bamboo used in this work belongs to the species of Bambusa Dendrocalamus asper (local
name: bambu Petung) and PVAC adhesives used. Incising distance variation were 0 x 0 mm, 2 x 2 mm, 3 x 3 mm
and 4 x 4 mm. Compression strength were 1.5 MPa, 2 MPa and 2.5 MPa. The shape an dimensions of the tensile
strength test specimens by standard ISO 2004. The mechanical properties testing conducted correlation with
statistical analysis. The water content of at pressure of 1.5 MPa is an average of 12.81%. The average of moisture in
the pressure of 2 MPa is an average of 12.52%. The water content in the pressure of 2.5 MPa is average 12.43%.
Density at a pressure of 1.5 MPa was an average density of 0.73 g/cm3. Density values with 2 MPa is an average of
0.75 g/cm3. At a pressure of 2.5 MPa average of 0.78 g/cm3. Average value of tensile strength bamboo block
laminations without incising method with lateral stress 2,5 MPa was 1,732 MPa. Average value of tensile strength
bamboo block laminations with incising method 4 x 4 mm with lateral stress 2 MPa was 1,862 MPa. Average value
of tensile strength bamboo block laminations with incising method 6 x 6 mm with lateral stress 1,5 MPa was 2,002
MPa. Average value of tensile strength bamboo block laminations with incising method 8 x 8 mm with lateral stress
1,5 MPa was 1,802 MPa.
Welcome to International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
Influence of Carbon & Glass Fiber Reinforcements on Flexural Strength of Epox...IJERA Editor
Hybrid composite materials are more attracted by the engineers because of their properties like stiffness and high specific strength which leads to the potential application in the area of aerospace, marine and automobile sectors. In the present investigation, the flexural strength and flexural modulus of carbon and glass fibers reinforced epoxy hybrid composites were studied. The vacuum bagging technique was adopted for the fabrication of polymer hybrid composite materials. The hardness, flexural strength and flexural modulus of the hybrid composites were determined as per ASTM standards. The hardness, flexural strength and flexural modulus were improved as the fiber reinforcement contents increased in the epoxy matrix material.
Experimentation of Jute Fiber Supplemented with E-Glass in Various Layers Al...IJMER
Composites fiber are moving into the crucial stream of the automobile industry, with
manufacturers and suppliers finding different blends of bio composites, glass fibers and places to use
them. It has been observed that natural fibers such as flax, hemp, kneaf, jute and sisal help reducing in
weight, cost, and CO2, less dependence on other oil sources, and reusability. Also Fibers like flax, hemp
or jute are cheap, have better stiffness per unit weight, corrosion resistance, electrical insulation,
reduction in tooling and assembly costs, low thermal expansion, higher stiffness and strength, fatigue
resistance and have a lower impact on the environment. [1]
The present study/research focuses on exploring the possibility of using jute fiber, E-Glass and
embedding these in a biopolymer matrix system – epoxy – the task of which is to hold the fibers
together. This epoxy stabilizes the shape of the composite structure, transmits the shear forces between
the mechanically high-quality fibers, and protects them against radiation and other aggressive media.
The component is conditioned and prepared for testing and subjected to tensile, compression, hardness
and bending test calculating the element results with ANSYS by using the test results. Promising results
have been observed and this study enables for future study in the field of natural fiber composite
materials. Main aim of this paper is to reduce the impact on the environment, by using recyclable
natural fibers[6] [7].
Jute and hollow conjugated polyester fiber (HCP)-reinforced nonwoven composites were designed by Box and Behnken model approach. Its thermal properties such as thermal conductivity, thermal resistance, thermal transmittance, and thermal diffusivity were evaluated. From the test results of response surface method (RSM), the weight of composite material maintained as 3280 g/m2 with the proportion of jute/HCP fiber in the ratio of 50/50%, 60/40%, and 70/30% played a significant role in insulation and mechanical properties. Various needling density maintained on the
composite material such as 300, 150, and 75 punches/cm2 contributes to the role of significant impacts on the research process. The optimum of 150 needling density with the proportion of 50/50 Jute and HCP fiber was
selected to produce four kinds of composite structures. Its thermal,
sound, electrical insulation values and limiting oxygen values were analyzed and suggested for building environments
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Flexural Strength of Poly Propylene Fiber Reinforced PMMAinventionjournals
Poly Methyl Methacrylate based restorations are widely accepted in dental and medical field due to the excellent biocompatibility and easy fabrication, however these restorations exhibit inferior mechanical properties. Therefore, the present study conducted to enhance the flexural strength of PMMA based material by reinforcing conventional PMMA with poly propylene fiber. 10 different test groups were prepared by varying the weight percentage (2.5, 5 & 10 Wt %) and aspect ratio (3mm/220μm, 6mm/220μm & 12mm/220μm) of the poly propylene fibers. Results obtained were statistically analyzed using One – Way Anova followed by Tukey Kramer multiple comparison test. All fiber reinforced test groups showed improved flexural strength and 6mm long fiber in 2.5 Wt% showed the highest flexural strength among the fiber reinforced test groups.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Behavior of combination of coconut fiber and recron fiber in concreteeSAT Journals
Abstract
Concrete is strong in compression, as aggregate efficiently carries the compression load. However, it is weak in tension as the
cement holding the aggregate in place can crack, allowing the structure to fail. This weakness had been adjusted over many
decades by using a system of reinforcing bars (rebar) to create reinforced concrete; so that concrete primarily resists compressive
stresses and rebar resist tensile and shear stresses and rebar resist tensile and shear stresses. It has been recognised that addition
of small, closely spaced and uniformly distributed fibres to concrete would act as a crack arrester and would significantly
improve the its static and dynamic properties
Keywords: fibre, shear stresses, rebar, concrete
EKSPERIMENTAL STUDY OF TENSILE STRENGTH OF BAMBOO BLOCK LAMINATION: OPTIMUM V...AM Publications
The use of bamboo lamination substitute wood for structural beams. Damage of glue-line bamboo
lamination beam before collapsing to influence of flexural strength. The objective of this study to know the effect of
shear connector PVAc resin to the tensile strength bamboo block lamination. Shear connector with incising method
on bamboo blade. The bamboo used in this work belongs to the species of Bambusa Dendrocalamus asper (local
name: bambu Petung) and PVAC adhesives used. Incising distance variation were 0 x 0 mm, 2 x 2 mm, 3 x 3 mm
and 4 x 4 mm. Compression strength were 1.5 MPa, 2 MPa and 2.5 MPa. The shape an dimensions of the tensile
strength test specimens by standard ISO 2004. The mechanical properties testing conducted correlation with
statistical analysis. The water content of at pressure of 1.5 MPa is an average of 12.81%. The average of moisture in
the pressure of 2 MPa is an average of 12.52%. The water content in the pressure of 2.5 MPa is average 12.43%.
Density at a pressure of 1.5 MPa was an average density of 0.73 g/cm3. Density values with 2 MPa is an average of
0.75 g/cm3. At a pressure of 2.5 MPa average of 0.78 g/cm3. Average value of tensile strength bamboo block
laminations without incising method with lateral stress 2,5 MPa was 1,732 MPa. Average value of tensile strength
bamboo block laminations with incising method 4 x 4 mm with lateral stress 2 MPa was 1,862 MPa. Average value
of tensile strength bamboo block laminations with incising method 6 x 6 mm with lateral stress 1,5 MPa was 2,002
MPa. Average value of tensile strength bamboo block laminations with incising method 8 x 8 mm with lateral stress
1,5 MPa was 1,802 MPa.
Welcome to International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
Influence of Carbon & Glass Fiber Reinforcements on Flexural Strength of Epox...IJERA Editor
Hybrid composite materials are more attracted by the engineers because of their properties like stiffness and high specific strength which leads to the potential application in the area of aerospace, marine and automobile sectors. In the present investigation, the flexural strength and flexural modulus of carbon and glass fibers reinforced epoxy hybrid composites were studied. The vacuum bagging technique was adopted for the fabrication of polymer hybrid composite materials. The hardness, flexural strength and flexural modulus of the hybrid composites were determined as per ASTM standards. The hardness, flexural strength and flexural modulus were improved as the fiber reinforcement contents increased in the epoxy matrix material.
Experimentation of Jute Fiber Supplemented with E-Glass in Various Layers Al...IJMER
Composites fiber are moving into the crucial stream of the automobile industry, with
manufacturers and suppliers finding different blends of bio composites, glass fibers and places to use
them. It has been observed that natural fibers such as flax, hemp, kneaf, jute and sisal help reducing in
weight, cost, and CO2, less dependence on other oil sources, and reusability. Also Fibers like flax, hemp
or jute are cheap, have better stiffness per unit weight, corrosion resistance, electrical insulation,
reduction in tooling and assembly costs, low thermal expansion, higher stiffness and strength, fatigue
resistance and have a lower impact on the environment. [1]
The present study/research focuses on exploring the possibility of using jute fiber, E-Glass and
embedding these in a biopolymer matrix system – epoxy – the task of which is to hold the fibers
together. This epoxy stabilizes the shape of the composite structure, transmits the shear forces between
the mechanically high-quality fibers, and protects them against radiation and other aggressive media.
The component is conditioned and prepared for testing and subjected to tensile, compression, hardness
and bending test calculating the element results with ANSYS by using the test results. Promising results
have been observed and this study enables for future study in the field of natural fiber composite
materials. Main aim of this paper is to reduce the impact on the environment, by using recyclable
natural fibers[6] [7].
Jute and hollow conjugated polyester fiber (HCP)-reinforced nonwoven composites were designed by Box and Behnken model approach. Its thermal properties such as thermal conductivity, thermal resistance, thermal transmittance, and thermal diffusivity were evaluated. From the test results of response surface method (RSM), the weight of composite material maintained as 3280 g/m2 with the proportion of jute/HCP fiber in the ratio of 50/50%, 60/40%, and 70/30% played a significant role in insulation and mechanical properties. Various needling density maintained on the
composite material such as 300, 150, and 75 punches/cm2 contributes to the role of significant impacts on the research process. The optimum of 150 needling density with the proportion of 50/50 Jute and HCP fiber was
selected to produce four kinds of composite structures. Its thermal,
sound, electrical insulation values and limiting oxygen values were analyzed and suggested for building environments
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Flexural Strength of Poly Propylene Fiber Reinforced PMMAinventionjournals
Poly Methyl Methacrylate based restorations are widely accepted in dental and medical field due to the excellent biocompatibility and easy fabrication, however these restorations exhibit inferior mechanical properties. Therefore, the present study conducted to enhance the flexural strength of PMMA based material by reinforcing conventional PMMA with poly propylene fiber. 10 different test groups were prepared by varying the weight percentage (2.5, 5 & 10 Wt %) and aspect ratio (3mm/220μm, 6mm/220μm & 12mm/220μm) of the poly propylene fibers. Results obtained were statistically analyzed using One – Way Anova followed by Tukey Kramer multiple comparison test. All fiber reinforced test groups showed improved flexural strength and 6mm long fiber in 2.5 Wt% showed the highest flexural strength among the fiber reinforced test groups.
The leading European conference on the topic of Advanced All Wheel Drive Systems is due to take place in Frankfurt between the 22-23 June 2015. Don't miss your chance to hear expert presentations, take part in interactive workshops and meet with AWD experts from around the world.
There are limited places available, so make sure you secure your conference ticket today! Learn more here.
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• Volvo Car Group • Hyundai Motor • National Electric Vehicle Sweden AB • GKN Driveline • BorgWarner TorqTransfer Systems • AAM Europe GmbH • Punch Powertrain N.V. • LG Chem Ltd • Nissan Motor Manufacturing • Renault • Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur • ZF Friedrichshafen • NIRA Dynamics • Controlled Power Technologies • Sonceboz Automotive
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Peter Dunkley introduces Forge by Acision that provides next-gen communication APIs and SDKs to help businesses connect and collaborate more efficiently using secure SMS, IP messaging, voice, and video.
The study of the basic mechanical properties of polyvinyl alcohol fiber cemen...IJERA Editor
As a new material in the construction field,polyvinyl alcohol fiber cement stabilized macadam pavement has a
very broad application prospects. The study of the basic mechanical properties of polyvinyl alcohol fiber cement
stabilized macadam is also a hot spot today. This paper studies the flexural strength of polyvinyl alcohol fiber
content is at 0.9Kg / m3,and the affect between the splitting tensile strength and the polyvinyl alcohol fiber.
The study of the basic mechanical properties of polyvinyl alcohol fiber cemen...IJERA Editor
As a new material in the construction field,polyvinyl alcohol fiber cement stabilized macadam pavement has a
very broad application prospects. The study of the basic mechanical properties of polyvinyl alcohol fiber cement
stabilized macadam is also a hot spot today. This paper studies the flexural strength of polyvinyl alcohol fiber
content is at 0.9Kg / m3,and the affect between the splitting tensile strength and the polyvinyl alcohol fiber.
Experimental Investigation on Properties Concrete Paver Block with the Inclus...IJERA Editor
In this experimental investigation the compressive strength, water absorption and flexural strength of paver
blocks were determined by adding Coconut fibers in the top 20mm thickness. Coconut fibers were added in
proportions of 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% and 0.5% in volume of concrete. The compressive strength, flexural
strength and water absorption were determined at the end of 7 and 28 days. Test results indicate that addition of
coconut fiber by 0.3% paver block attains maximum compressive strength. Test results indicate that addition of
coconut fiber gradually increases flexural strengths and water absorption at 7 and 28 days. In this investigation
at 0.3% of coconut fiber content effect of top layer thickness on compressive strength and flexural strength is
also determined. Results show that inclusion of fibers even up to 50% of top layer thickness compressive and
flexural strengths are increasing. The paper also shows the cost comparison per each block.
Strength Evaluation of Steel-Nylon Hybrid Fibre Reinforced ConcreteIJERA Editor
When fibres like steel, glass, polypropylene, nylon, carbon, aramid, polyester, jute, etc are mixed with concrete known as fibre reinforced concrete. To overcome the deficiencies of concrete; fibres are added to improve the performance of concrete. In this research hybrid reinforced concrete is made by using steel and nylon 6 fibres. The inclusion of both steel and nylon 6 fibres are used in order to combine the benefits of both fibers; structural improvements provided by steel fibers and the resistance to plastic shrinkage improvements provided by nylon fibers. So the aim of this project is to investigate the mechanical properties (compressive strength, flexure strength and split tensile strength) of hybrid fiber reinforced concrete under compression, flexure & tension. The total volume of fibre was taken 0.75 % of total volume of concrete. In this experimental work, four different concrete mix proportions were casted with fibres and one mix without fibres. Four different mix combinations of steel- nylon 6 fibres were 100-00%, 75-25%, 50-50% and 25-75%. Superplasticizer was used in all mixes to make concrete more workable. The results shown that compressive, split tensile and flexural strength of hybrid fibre reinforced concrete increase by increasing quantity of steel and nylon 6 fibres. The increase in compressive and tensile strength due to incorporation of steel fibre is greater than that of using nylon fibre. For the nylon 6 fibres, adding more fibres into the concrete has a limited improvement on splitting tensile strength. Inclusion of nylon 6 fibres along with steel fibres results in considerable improvement in flexural strength as compared to solo steel fibre.
To Study the mechanical properties of coconut coir fiber reinforced with epo...IJMER
In this study the Mechanical Properties of Coconut coir Fiber is reinforced with epoxy resin
of different lengths (5mm,10mm,15mm) and coir fibers by treating the fiber with NaOH by fraction of
5 % are studied here. All samples were made using hand layup technique and specimens were prepared
as per ASTM standard D3039. The samples were tested according to ASTM D3039 standard using
Universal testing machine (UTM). The significant findings of the research showed that NaOH
treatment improved the tensile properties, ductility and hardness of the composite further Increase in
length of fibers was found to increase the tensile strength. The maximum tensile strength was found for
15 mm length of coir fibers
Use of Nylon Fiber and Ceramic waste in ConcreteMasnun Rahman
Ceramic waste is a material obtained from ceramic industries & construction site. On the other hand, Nylon fibers have multiple uses and garments or textile industries have to recycle a large amount of Nylon fibers after their manufacturing. These two materials have the potential to increase the efficiency of concrete.(Roy, 1987) Our main goal is to use recycled materials to get a cost-efficient and higher strength concrete then conventional concrete.
Ceramic Industry is one of the fast-growing exports-oriented sectors in Bangladesh. About 30% of the daily production of the ceramic industry become waste.(Amin, Sibak, El–Sherbiny, & Abadir, 2016). This waste has no use except landfilling. Ceramic aggregate can be a possible alternative of concrete aggregate.(Pacheco-Torgal & Jalali, 2010)
Fibers are usually used in concrete to control cracking due to plastic shrinkage and to drying shrinkage.(Choi, Park, & Jung, 2011) They also reduce the permeability of concrete and thus reduce bleeding of water(Nokken, 2003). But most of the recycled fibers are degradable which may cause low longevity of concrete. To overcome this, we have chosen Nylon fiber.
EFFECT OF STEEL AND POLYPROPYLENE FIBER ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CONCRETEIAEME Publication
This experimental work describes the mechanical properties of Hybrid Fibre Reinforced concrete(HFRC).HFRC is prepared by adding any two fibres to the conventional concrete to make it a composite mixture and that derives benefits from each of the added fibre and exhibits significant response. The fibres which are used in the present experimental work is steel fibres and polypropylene fibres. Here the polypropylene fibres helps in resists initial cracks and shrinkage ,steel fibres helps in increase the strength of concrete. In present work M30 grade of concrete can be prepared according to the IS 10262:2009 reference code. these steel and polypropylene fibres are added by 50% each with different hybridization from 0% to 1.5%.For calculating strength parameters specimens are casted and cured for 28 days and tested in the lab for Compressive Test, Tensile Test, Flexural test. From the present investigation the strength parameter increases with the percentage of increase in fibre. Therefore here the hybrid ratio of 1.5% gives the more result when compared to other hybrid ratio.
INFLUENCE OF RECYCLED RUBBER FILLER ON MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF WOVEN GLASS FI...IAEME Publication
The present work is to determine the mechanical properties of a polymer composite which consist of a vinyl ester as matrix and woven glass fiber (E-glass) filled with milled recycled rubber as reinforcement. The influences of different volume (0%, 3%, 6% and 9%) of the filler on the mechanical properties of the composites were studied. The composite materials are analyzed with the consideration of recycled rubber and without recycled rubber. The mechanical characteristics of these composite materials are compared in terms of young’s modulus and ultimate tensile stress using tensile test and flexural test as per the ASTM standards.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
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About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
1. Luo Zhenshuai Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 5, Issue 5, ( Part -5) May 2015, pp.09-11
www.ijera.com 9 | P a g e
The Study Of Polyvinyl Alcohol Fiber Reinforced Cement
Stabilized Macadam
Luo Zhenshuai*, Wang Shipeng**
*( School of civil engineering & architecture, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China)
**( School of Traffic and transportation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China)
ABSTRACT
As a new material, the researches on polyvinyl alcohol fiber cement stabilized macadam are also less. This
article studies the effect of different volume fraction of fiber length on the compressive strength and splitting
tensile strength of cement stabilized macadam.To promote polyvinyl alcohol fiber cement stabilized macadam’s
application,it has theoretical significance and engineering application value.
Keywords –cement, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, engineering application , compressive strength.
I. Introduction
Polyvinyl alcohol fiber cement stabilized macada
m is a new material that composed of polyvinyl alco
hol fiber and cement stabilized macadam .The raw m
aterial of polyvinyl alcohol fiber is polyvinyl alcohol
and through a special process formed.In 1980s, Japa
n first developed polyvinyl alcohol fiber that can be
used for roadbed base. In the late 1980s, China succe
ssively developed polyvinyl alcohol fiber too. The fe
atures of polyvinyl alcohol fibers are hydrophilic, hi
gh elastic modulus, high specific surface area and ha
ve good compatibility with cement. However,the res
earches on the polyvinyl alcohol fiber cement stabili
zed macadam are still rare, this limits its application
and promotion .Therefore, expanding the researches
on the polyvinyl alcohol fiber cement stabilized mac
adam is necessary. In this article, we mainly study th
e mechanical properties of polyvinyl alcohol fiber ce
ment stabilized macadam of different lengths and di
fferent contents of polyvinyl alcohol fiber.
Ⅱ. Test generalization
The cement used in the test is 32.5 ordinary portl
and cement of Anhui Huaihai United Cement Factor
y;the polyvinyl alcohol fiber is made of Shanghai Ka
idu Industrial Development Limited Liability Compa
ny,its cross-sectional area is 1.52×10-4
mm2
,its tensil
e strength is 1600Mpa and elastic modulus is 3.5×10
4
Mpa.There are five gravel particle size: 1#(19-31.
5mm)、2#(9.5-19mm)、3#(4.75-9.5mm)、
4#(2.36-4.75mm)、5#(0-2.36mm). According
to the test results,the target proportion of cement sta
bilized macadam is 1#:2#:3#:4#:5#:=12:30:
23:6:29,the dose of cement is 4.0%.
The formula of cylinder compressive strength is
max
cu
F
f
A
Explanation: cuf — cylinder compressive
strength(Mpa);
maxF —maximum load(KN);
A—Bearing area(mm2
).
The formula of splitting tensile strength is
max max2
0.637ts
F F
f
A A
Explanation: tsf — splitting tensile strength
(MPa);
maxF —maximum load(KN);
A—Bearing area(mm2
)
III. Test results and analysis
2.1 The compressive strength of polyvinyl alcohol
fiber cement stabilized macadam
The lengthof polyvinyl alcohol fiber in polyvin
yl alcohol fiber cement stabilized macadam is 0m
m、12mm、18mm、24mm、30mm, each length fi
ber has three volume fraction : 0.6Kg/m3
、0.9 Kg/m
3
、1.2 Kg/m3
.The specimen size of cylinder is diam
eter of 150mm, height 150mm,and curing period is 7
d. According to the test results, when the length of th
e fiber is 0mm, the compressive strength of specime
ns is 4.91Mpa; when the length of the fiber is 12mm
and the volume fraction is 0.6Kg/m3
、0.9 Kg/m3
、1.
2 Kg/m3
, the compressive strength of specimens is 5.
RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS
2. Luo Zhenshuai Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 5, Issue 5, ( Part -5) May 2015, pp.09-11
www.ijera.com 10 | P a g e
84 MPa、5.39MPa、5.44MPa; when the length of t
he fiber is 18mm and the volume fraction is 0.6Kg/m
3
、0.9 Kg/m3
、1.2 Kg/m3
, the compressive strength
of specimens is 5.36 MPa、5.21MPa、4.76MPa; w
hen the length of the fiber is 24mm and the volume f
raction is0.6Kg/m3
、0.9 Kg/m3
、1.2 Kg/m3
, the co
mpressive strength of specimens is 5.29 MPa、5.17
MPa、5.37MPa; when the length of the fiber is 30m
m and the volume fraction is 0.6Kg/m3
、0.9 Kg/m
3
、1.2 Kg/m3
, the compressive strength of specimen
s is 5.12 MPa、4.88MPa、4.62MPa. Thus, when th
e length of the fiber is constant, ,the compressive str
ength of the specimen is decreased with the increase
of fiber volume fraction.
5
5.4
5.8
0.6 0.9 1.2
the volume fraction of fiber Kg/m
3
compressive
strength/Mpa
Figure 1:the compressive strength when the
fiber length is 12mm
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
0.6 0.9 1.2
the volume fraction of fiber Kg/m
3
compressive
strength/Mpa
Figure 2:the compressive strength when the fiber
length is 18mm
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
0.6 0.9 1.2
the volume fraction of fiber Kg/m
3
compressive
strength/Mpa
Figure 3:the compressive strength when the fiber
length is 24mm
4
4.5
5
5.5
0.6 0.9 1.2
the volume fraction of fiber Kg/m
3
compressive
strength/Mpa
Figure 4:the compressive strength when the fiber
length is 30mm
2.2 The splitting tensile strength of polyvinyl
alcohol fiber cement stabilized macadam
The lengthof polyvinyl alcohol fiber in polyvin
yl alcohol fiber cement stabilized macadam is 0m
m、12mm、18mm、24mm、30mm, each length fi
ber has three volume fraction : 0.6Kg/m3
、0.9 Kg/m
3
、1.2 Kg/m3
. The specimen size of cylinder is diam
eter of 150mm, height 150mm,and curing period is 7
d. According to the test results, when the length of th
e fiber is 0mm, the splitting tensile strength of speci
mens is 0.272Mpa; when the length of the fiber is 12
mm and the volume fraction is 0.6Kg/m3
、0.9 Kg/m
3
、1.2 Kg/m3
, the splitting tensile strength of specim
ens is 0.279 MPa、0.287MPa、0.224MPa; when th
e length of the fiber is 18mm and the volume fractio
n is 0.6Kg/m3
、0.9 Kg/m3
、1.2Kg/m3
, the splitting t
ensile strength of specimens is 0.260 MPa、0.229M
Pa、0.287MPa ;when the length of the fiber is 24m
m and the volume fraction is 0.6Kg/m3
、0.9 Kg/m
3
、1.2Kg/m3
, the splitting tensile strength of specim
ens is 0.264 MPa、0.254MPa、0.285MPa; when th
e length of the fiber is 30mm and the volume fractio
n is 0.6Kg/m3
、0.9 Kg/m3
、1.2Kg/m3
, the splitting t
ensile strength of specimens is 0.234 MPa、0.249M
Pa、0.244MPa.
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.6 0.9 1.2
the volume fraction of fiber Kg/m
3
splittingtensile
strength/Mpa
Figure 5:the splitting tensile strength when the fiber
length is 12mm
3. Luo Zhenshuai Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 5, Issue 5, ( Part -5) May 2015, pp.09-11
www.ijera.com 11 | P a g e
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.6 0.9 1.2
the volume fraction of fiber Kg/m
3
splittingtensile
strength/Mpa
Figure 6:the splitting tensile strength when the fiber
length is 18mm
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.6 0.9 1.2
the volume fraction of fiber Kg/m
3
splittingtensile
strength/Mpa
Figure 7:the splitting tensile strength when the fiber
length is 24mm
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.6 0.9 1.2
the volume fraction of fiber Kg/m
3
splittingtensile
strength/Mpa
Figure 8:the splitting tensile strength when the fiber
length is 30mm
IV. Conclusion
(1) The incorporation of polyvinyl alcohol fiber can
be have a good increase of compressive strength of c
ement stabilized macadam, when the length of the fi
ber is 12mm and the volume fraction is 0.6 Kg/m3
,th
e compressive strength of cement stabilized macada
m is largest.
(2) The variation between polyvinyl alcohol fiber an
d the splitting tensile strength of cement stabilized m
acadam is not obvious. When the length of the fiber i
s 12mm and the volume fraction is 0.9Kg/m3
, and th
e length of the fiber is 18mm and the volume fractio
n is 1.2Kg/m3
, the splitting tensile strength of cemen
t stabilized macadam is largest.
(3) Due to time constraints,this article only has a p
reliminary study of the basic mechanical properties o
f polyvinyl alcohol fiber cement stabilized macadam.
In the next phase, we should have a more systematic
research program to improve the impact of polyviny
l alcohol fiber on cement stabilized macadam.
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