C2.04: Australia's National Database for Acoustic Monitoring of Marine Species: A Collaborative Approach - Andre Steckenreuter

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The Australian Animal Tracking and Monitoring System (AATAMS) is part of the Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS), a national, collaborative research infrastructure program. IMOS brings together universities and publicly funded research agencies working in marine and climate science with an over-arching principle of publicly available data. IMOS supports eleven research infrastructure facilities that generate data streams covering five strategic research themes, including climate variability and biological responses. AATAMS supports a national acoustic tracking and monitoring network covering a wide array of marine species in pelagic, coastal, and estuarine ecosystems. <br /> The AATAMS national database is a repository and data storage facility built through collaboration between the IMOS-AATAMS community with each project providing information on temporal and spatial movements of tagged species; together with sensor transmitters collected data can also provide insights into animal behaviour. Currently, the database incorporates 175 researchers from 34 organisations that have deployed receivers at over 2000 locations nationwide. More than 4000 individually identified animals have been tagged generating over 60 million tag detections. The collated information is accessed through a web application interface and through the IMOS Ocean Portal. The AATAMS database provides ready access to individual projects, tagged species, receiver locations, and spatial and temporal movements of marine species. The IMOS Ocean Portal connects this stream of information with those of the other research facilities so that the biological data can be related to a wide array of oceanographic data. <br /> This information builds the foundation for putting each acoustic telemetry project's research question into perspective, providing the tools in which the bigger picture of a species' biology and ecology as well as an ecosystem's function may be investigated. Applications are diverse, including monitoring of animal behaviour, migration patterns, predator-prey relationships, marine park monitoring, and long-term monitoring of climate change. This ocean observation platform will be pivotal in defining how aquatic management practices and policy decisions evolve.

Environment

Australia’s National Database for Acoustic
Monitoring of Marine Species –
A Collaborative Approach
Dr Andre Steckenreuter
R. Harcourt, C. Simpfendorfer, V. Peddemors, P. McDowall, J. van den Broek,
X. Hoenner, J. Burgess, K. Tattersall
Australian Animal Tracking and Monitoring System

• The Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS) is a
national, collaborative research infrastructure program
• It brings together Australian universities and publicly
funded research agencies working in marine and climate
science
• Provides funding to deploy ocean observing equipment
• And (most importantly) makes all data freely available
What is IMOS?

IMOS Facilities
Animal Tracking and Monitoring
(AATAMS)
Argo Floats
Deep Water Moorings
Ocean Gliders
Autonomous Underwater Vehicles
National Mooring Network
Ocean Radar
Wireless Sensor Networks
Satellite Remote Sensing (SRS)
Marine Information (eMII)
Australian Ocean Data Network
(AODN)

IMOS Structure
• IMOS is operated by
selected institutions
• But available for use by
the entire community
through open data
access
• Generating a wide
range of outputs
• That are relevant
across portfolios and
sectors

IMOS Research
Five major research themes
Multi-decadal
ocean change
Climate variability
and weather
extremes
Major boundary
currents and inter-
basin flows
Continental
shelf processes
Biological
responses
Image: www.wallpaperup.com

• AATAMS provides national data network, community support,
hardware, and data storage
• Divided into two streams
What is AATAMS?
Acoustic telemetry Satellite and bio-
logging technology

Acoustic Telemetry
• Transmission of ultrasonic energy or sound
• Generally above our hearing range of 20-500 kHz; we
use frequencies between 50 and 180 kHz
• Coded transmitter emits a series
of pings defined as a burst or
code burst
• Each burst contains a digital ID code
and sometimes physical and physiological
data, e.g. temperature, depth, acceleration
Pincock, D.G., 2012. False detections: What they are and how to remove them from detection data.
Vemco Application Note, DOC-004691-03.

Acoustic Telemetry
• Data provides information on
temporal and spatial location
of animal
• Sensor transmitters provide
a “view” into the behaviour of
animals by transmitting
physical and/or physiological
data of an animal and its
natural environment
• Used to explain “why” not
just where an animal is
located at a point in time

National Network
> 2000 Stations
> 60 million Detections
> 170 Collaborators

AATAMS Community
Universities
46%
Government
Organisations
24%
Research
Institutes
20%
NFP Org
6%
FP Org
4%
Organisational structure of
collaborators
Origin of collaborators
QLD
26%
NSW
15%
WA
15%
TAS
11%
SA
9%
VIC
9%
NT
4%
International
11%

Applications
• Long-term monitoring of climate change/ocean
acidification
• Marine park monitoring
• Monitoring animal behaviour on natural and
artificial reefs
• Home range movements related to sex and age
• Migration patterns
• Predator/prey relationships
• Activity levels (nocturnal, diurnal)
• Effects of man-made structures on residency
behaviour
• Stock mixing

Contact andre.steckenreuter@sims.org.au
Homepage imos.org.au/aatams.html
Database aatams.emii.org.au
Ocean Portal imos.aodn.org.au
Workshop 2015 imos.org.au/aatams_workshop.html
Receiver Pool imos.org.au/458.html
Questions?

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C5.03: Ocean observations by the Global Change Observation Mission (GCOM) - K...

Blue Planet Symposium

As a contribution to the climate variability monitoring, the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) initiated the Global Change Observation Mission (GCOM). GCOM is a concept comprised of two polar-orbiting satellite series, spread over three generations to achieve long-term and consistent data records. The two satellite series are GCOM-W (Water) and GCOM-C (Climate). JAXA is implementing the first generation of the series. The GCOM-W satellite was launched on May 18, 2012 (Japan Standard Time) and started the continuous observation by the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-2 (AMSR2) from the A-Train orbit. The instrument has been showing stable performance and accumulating its data records. AMSR2 is capable of observing various oceanic and atmospheric geophysical parameters, including sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface wind speed, water vapor, cloud liquid water, precipitation, and sea ice. Particularly, nearly all-weather SST measurement by utilizing the characteristics of microwave observation is playing an important role in capturing dynamic changes of ocean phenomena, together with the time-proven infrared observations. The GCOM-C satellite is now under development and scheduled for launch in Japanese fiscal year 2016 to provide the continuous observations related to carbon cycle and radiation budget. The satellite will be equipped with the Second-generation Global Imager (SGLI) with some unique features including enhanced spatial resolution (250 m) for most of the visible channels, ultraviolet channels (380 nm), and polarization/multidirectional measurement capabilities. These features will provide the better understanding of the coastal phenomena through the detailed and accurate observations of coastal ocean colors and SST.

C5.06: Argo: Recent Insights and Future Evolution - Susan Wijffels

Blue Planet Symposium

Since reaching global coverage in 2006, the Argo array of profiling floats has been delivering high-quality temperature and salinity profiles from depths of around 2000m to the surface every 10 days (www.argo.net). When synthesized, these data show that the Earth’s warming has continued unabated at 0.4-0.6 Wm-2 despite a ‘hiatus’ in surface air temperature rise. Argo’s depth reach reveals that short-term vertical displacement of heat accounts for this surface ‘hiatus’, characterized by compensating subsurface warming above ~700m. Below 700m a steady warming is detected down to 2000m. Over the period for which Argo coverage is global (2006 to present), most of the extra heat is accumulating in the Southern Hemisphere extratropical ocean. Argo drift phase data are also revealing striking structures in the mid-depth circulation field. We will describe the current status of Argo and its challenges. We will also outline progress towards evolving the design of the Argo array and piloting extensions to cover existing gaps (marginal seas, deep and ice-covered oceans) and new parameters such as bio-chemical and optical measurements.

C4.08B: Informing targeted catchment management plans to improve coastal wate...

Blue Planet Symposium

Declining water quality on the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) has been linked to a long-term decline of coral cover within the GBR World Heritage area. GBR reefs are naturally exposed to river runoff carrying nutrient and suspended sediment loads, but historical and current land-use practices have enhanced the delivery of terrestrially derived material in to the marine environment. Regional water quality improvement plans are a mechanism to improve coastal water quality, through actions in the source catchments targeted at reducing sediment and nutrient delivery into streams, rivers and ultimately the marine receiving waters. Hydrodynamic models currently being applied to the GBR as part of the eReefs project provide a valuable tool for identifying, quantifying and communicating the spatial impact of discharges from various rivers into the GBR lagoon. Using hindcast simulations of historic wet seasons, river-tagged passive tracers were released from major rivers discharging into the GBR to provide a quantitative identification of high or extended exposure of spatial regions to river plumes. Simulated river exposures were coupled with estimated river nutrient loads to inform a spatial risk analysis of reef exposure to terrestrially derived pollutants. This modelling provided a quantitative basis for prioritizing catchments for management attention, and has informed the refinement of regional water quality improvement plans.

C4.05: An Interannual to Decadal Local Sea Level Forecasting System - Hans-Pe...

Blue Planet Symposium

Societal and environmental effects of sea level rise are among the major impacts of climate change. Rapid local sea level (LSL) changes exceeding by far those experienced over the last 6,000 years can not be excluded, not even for the next few decades. Such changes pose an unparalleled threat to humanity. In case of an onset of rapid LSL rise, "early warnings" are needed to mitigate the impact of such a low-probability, high-impact event. We are developing a demonstrator for interannual LSL forecasts, which is implemented as a semi-operational system model using as far as possible on existing model components. LSL is the output of many Earth system processes acting on global to local spatial scale, and including mass relocation and exchange between ice sheets, glaciers, land water storage, and oceans; deformation of the solid Earth and gravity-field changes caused by the mass relocation; changes in ocean heat storage and ocean currents; changes in atmospheric circulation; tectonic processes; and natural and anthropogenic local coastal subsidence. Modules of the system model include global models; regional models for steric effects; local models for vertical land motion; and physical models to convert global processes into local effects. Initially, some of the modules are weakly coupled and based on input from complex models (both internal and external), while other modules are networked locally. The modular nature of the system allows improvements of individual modules, thus enabling rapid integration of advances within modules. Assimilation of observations on global to local scales provide additional constrains. The system model ensures global consistency for key Earth system parameters, such as mass and momentum conservation. Although many scientific issues need to be addressed before reliable forecasting is achieved, it is important to start forecasting as soon as possible to further assess the forecasting capabilities.

C4.07: Using models to help shape sustainable coasts - Beth Fulton

Blue Planet Symposium

Australia sees itself as the coastal nation and the world is following suite, with more than three quarters to the global population projected to live within coastal zones by mid century. As the point where land and sea meet coasts represent a rich diversity of environment types, livelihoods, opportunities and conflicting objectives. Models a one means of navigating through the situation, bringing together information in a consistent framework and helping people visualise what alternative futures may contain. The diversity of modelling tools available has grown in sophistication over the last 30 years, growing to encompass consideration of ecosystem and human dimensions of the coastal zone. Drawing on examples from Australia and around the world this discussion will show that while there is plenty of scope for future development, modelling approaches have matured to a point that they provide a tailorable toolbox of approaches that can get beyond impact modelling to address the socioecological and operational challenges involved in finding pragmatic sustainable options for coastal zone development and management.

C4.06: Towards continental-scale operational ocean and coastal monitoring usi...

Blue Planet Symposium

Regionally tuned algorithms that deliver remotely sensed marine water quality products from the MODIS/Aqua sensor have been developed and validated for the Great Barrier Reef (GBR). Through the eReefs partnership, these algorithms are being transferred from the research domain and being deployed operationally via the national meteorological agency. Furthermore they are being adapted to work with two other ocean colour satellite instruments, SeaWiFS and VIIRS/NPP to enable extension of the monitoring time series, both historically and into the future. The production infrastructure to manage contemporary data flows from the VIIRS sensor is similarly being extended. In parallel, the validated remote sensing products are being integrated into a hydrodynamic and bio-geochemical regional ocean model through data assimilation to provide a holistic suite of monitoring products for the GBR. This work is being undertaken with the goal of expanding the monitoring to more of Australia's marine jurisdiction. While the remote sensing algorithms themselves are parameterised for the atmospheric and optical characteristics of the GBR region, they are inherently flexible and are progressively being applied and tested in other locations where suitable in situ data are available. The data processing system for the GBR already is nested within the national data production operated by the Integrated Marine Observing System.

C4.03: International Coastal Atlas Network (ICAN) – Global Expertise in Coast...

Blue Planet Symposium

The IODE International Coastal Atlas Network (ICAN) project is a community of practice of organizations with a mission to share experiences and to find common solutions to Coastal Web Atlas (CWA) development. With more than 60 member organizations around the globe, ICAN can harness expertise across a wide range of specialties that include spatial data management, web map services, networking, coastal management, ocean remote sensing, and coastal policy. A major goal of ICAN is to help build a functioning digital atlas of the worldwide coast based on the principle of shared distributed information and global-level operational interoperability. ICAN promotes and encourages an increase in coastal and marine data sharing among policy makers and resource managers through the strategic use of CWAs. Participants seek to play a leadership role in forging international collaborations of value to the participating nations and organizations, thereby optimizing regional governance in coastal zone management. Since 2013 ICAN members have collaborated and shared ideas with the GEOSS in support of the goals of the Coastal Zone Community of Practice.. To foster this and other like-minded global projects, ICAN provides training and software for CWA implementation and serves as host for informed discussion. Among its achievements are a handbook on coastal informatics and CWA development, an interoperability portal, training guides on best practices, and numerous workshops.

C4.02: Development of an Integrated Global Water Quality Monitoring and Forec...

Blue Planet Symposium

Surface waters are generally viewed as a hydrologic continuum, flowing from inland water sources through estuaries to the open oceans. The GEO Working Group on Earth Observations of Inland and Near-Coastal Waters (WA-01-C4) has organised the Water Quality Summit in Geneva 20-22nd April 2015 with the aim of charting the future of earth observation and in situ measurements based global water quality monitoring and forecasting systems. The relationship to GEO Blue Planet lies in the coastal zone. There is a crucial need for timely, accurate, and widespread assessment and monitoring and forecasting of inland and near-coastal water quality. However, existing measurement and forecasting capabilities have significant logistical, technical, and economic challenges and constraints, impacting both developed and developing nations. This summit was endorsed by GEO as a part of the water quality task (WA-01-C4) and the GEOSS Water Strategy with the mission to deliver, on a routine and sustained basis, timely, consistent, accurate and fit-for -purpose water quality data products and information to support water resource management and decision making in coastal and inland waters. The Summit goal is to define specific requirements of the water quality system components and develop a plan to implement integrated global end-to-end water quality monitoring and forecasting service. We present the results of this meeting: Development of a strategic implementation and a phased action plan including baseline and threshold service build-outs, with both a short-term and a long-term plan for a global-scale water quality monitoring and forecasting service. Some feedback will be given on the CEOS–GEOSS Water Strategy Implementation plan as well as other international related activities.

C4.04: Design of a GEO Coastal Ocean Pilot Project for the Caribbean Region -...

Blue Planet Symposium

The Group on Earth Observations (GEO) Oceans and Society Coastal Ocean Pilot Project for the Caribbean Region is a response to the need for a Pilot Project to demonstrate the added value of an end-to-end System of Systems for Ecosystem-Based Approaches for monitoring and managing the coastal zone (GEO 2012 – 2015 Work Plan, SB-01-C4-02 [1]). The Pilot Project design will be based on principles established by the Group on Earth Observations “Oceans and Society: Blue Planet [2]” task and developed in collaboration with the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) Regional Alliance (GRA) for the Caribbean, IOCARIBE-GOOS [3]. It will incorporate concepts and recommendations from GOOS Pub. 193, Requirements for Global Implementation of the Strategic Plan for Coastal GOOS [4], and will be tailored to provide meaningful and sustainable value for Caribbean Region marine ecosystems and the populations they impact. The Design document will be developed in increasingly detailed stages, with distribution, review, and comment at each stage, leading to a final Design Plan, at which time we will seek approval to move ahead with GEO support for implementation planning and financing.

C4.01: Overview of the Coastal Zone Community of Practice & Services for the ...

Blue Planet Symposium

The Coastal Zone Community of Practice (CZCP) brings together experts to inform coastal zone management with Earth observations and supports GEO tasks like developing a Global Coastal Zone Information System. The CZCP has organized regional workshops focusing on the Mediterranean, Africa, and the Caribbean to identify user needs and emphasize the importance of understanding decision makers. The CZCP also works to populate the GEOSS User Requirements Registry, support coastal observation programs, and facilitate data sharing to transition its focus toward providing coastal zone information services.

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