Recent developments in the availability and delivery of biogeochemical datasets through the Australian Supersite Network_Karan
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The document summarizes the recent developments in the Australian Supersite Network (ASN) for sharing biogeochemical data. The ASN is a collaborative network that hosts flux towers and uses consistent monitoring protocols across 13 sites in Australia. It collates data on plant physiology, soils, hydrology, and biodiversity. Data is made available through several data portals, including the TERN Data Discovery Portal, with metadata and identifiers like DOIs. The goal is to underpin ecosystem research and enable analysis of data patterns, as well as inform landscape modeling and trend analysis.
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Recent developments in the availability and delivery of biogeochemical datasets through the Australian Supersite Network_Karan
- 1. Recent developments in the availability and delivery of biogeochemical datasets through the TERN Australian Supersite Network Mirko Karan Marco Fhami Mike Liddell
- 2. Data sharing lifecycle/and increasing knowledge Ecosystem Science Research Question Proposal and Funding Researcher(s) and Data Collection Data Sets + Meta-data Research Output Data Processing, Analysis, Integration and Synthesis. TERN Data Portal +License + Identifier
- 4. Australian Supersite Network FNQ Rainforest SEQ Peri-urban Cumberland Plain EucFACE Tumbarumba Wet Eucalypt Victorian Dry Eucalypt Warra Tall Eucalypt Calperum Mallee Alice Mulga Litchfield Savanna Great Western Woodland
- 5. A collaborative Network approach Each Supersite hosts a flux tower - OzFlux Consistent monitoring protocols - AusCover, AusPlots, Soils, Coastal Data collated across spatial & temporal scales - modelling eMAST
- 6. Supersite Data Australian Supersite Network Plant physiology, biomass, structure Soils characterisation Hydrology Biodiversity / Abundance - vegetation / fauna AusCover - satellite, airborne remote sensing data, phenocams OzFlux - radiation, heat, water and CO2 flux measurements, Microclimate, soil sensors
- 7. TERN Data Discovery Portal Meta-data from all Data Portals Data Sets Meta-data - 2 OzFlux Data Portal Use Licence Identifier - DOI Data Sets Meta-data - 1 ASN Data Portal Use Licence Identifier - DOI Data Sets Meta-data - 1 AusCover Data Portal Use Licence Identifier - DOI
- 8. Data Discovery ASN Data Portal TERN Data Discovery Portal
- 11. ASN data is made available to researchers under licence agreements defined by host institutions, or in the case of TERN funded research, the “TERN Attribution-Share Alike Licence”, derived from the Creative Commons Australia CC BY-A public licence v3.0. Licencing Attribution and Notice Requirements You must include attribution/citation for source of data eg. DOI / web link. Restrictions on Distribution and Public Performance of Derivative Works You may only Distribute or publicly perform a Derivative Work if You apply one of the following licences to it: i. this Licence; ii. a later version of this Licence with the same Licence Elements; or iii. a Compatible Licence. DOI ‘doi:10.1525/bio.2013.63.2.2 ’
- 12. ASN Data Portal Underpins key processes to help unravel how ecosystems function Allows plot and faunal data patterns in dynamics to be traced Enables researchers to look at data in the system and assess the effects of management or disturbance variability Expected use by landscape modellers to help predict future distribution and biodiversity Trend analysis across network of biodiversity indices continuous, long-term micrometeorological measurements to monitor the state of ecosystems globally Australian biophysical map products and remote sensing data time- series, and associated field calibration and validation data at continental scales ecosystem models for applications at scales from landscape management to carbon accounting and climate prediction
- 13. Current network activities Refining protocols • Review of monitoring protocols, data handling and quality assurance International connections • Maximise interoperability and data integration with comparable international ecosystem monitoring networks • National Ecosystem Observatory Network Inc. (NEON; USA) • Analysis and Experimentation on Ecosystems (AnaEE; EU) • Chinese Ecosystem Research Network (CERN) New challenges • Management and analysis of acoustic and phenocam data • Visualisation of live data streams
Editor's Notes
- Until recently the availability of biogeochemical data sets has largely been controlled by individual researchers and institutions. The data sharing lifecycle goes from the research question to data collection, processing and publications that generate more research questions The growing global trend towards collaborative networks and online data repositories has the potential to greatly increase the availability of datasets and to ensure multiple re-use of data…thereby extending the data lifecycle to increase the amount of data analysis, integration, synthesis and overall research output.
- An example of the continuing trend towards open data repositories in the ecological sciences is the roll out out of DataOne based in the US that aims to collect and share ecological metadata form a wide range of sources.This has been taken one step further by a recent directive from the US government to make all newly generated government data open as well as machine readable.
- The Australian Supersite Network orASN, is a facility within TERN that collects a wide range of ecosystem data from 10 Supersites. These are located in a wide range of different and significant biomes. Ranging from tropical rainforest in Far North Queensland to the peri-urban environment of outer Brisbane, Eucalyptus forests in various climates, Mallee in South Australia, Mulga and Savanna in the Northern Territory and Mediterranean woodlands in Western Australia. The Supersites provide ecosystem monitoring data collected by Principal Investigators, as well as providing an accessible infrastructure to allow collaborative research that can also be added to the database.
- The Supersite network works collaboratively with other facilities within TERN.Each Supersite hosts an eddy covariance flux tower, so also belongs to the OzFlux network.Where possible we have monitoring protocols consistent across different TERN facilitiesData from these facilities is collated across spatial and temporal scales and used for modelling by the eMAST facility
- Data collected from Supersites relates to vegetation (including physiology, biomass and structure), soils, hydrology and the monitoring of biodiversity and abundance of flora, fauna.Faunal monitoring currently includes acoustic recording and bird surveys at each Supersite. AusCover collects remote sensing data from satellites and airborne platforms and the OzFlux towers provide data on radiation, heat, water and CO2 fluxes as well as collecting data from soil sensors.The towers also host phenocameras.Data collected at these sites can be accessed through web based data portals.
- Data and accompanying metadata from each Supersite is input into the Supersite database usinga tailored version of the “KNB (Knowledge Network for Biodiversity) Metacat” for ecosystem data and metadataData and metadata from AusCover and OzFlux are deposited in separate databases and all the metadata is automatically harvested into the TERN Data Discovery Portal.
- Supersite data is discoverable on the ASN Data Portal and the TERN Data Discovery Portal. The metadata is also harvested by the Australian National Data Service. The next update of the Supersite Metacat system will allow Supersite metadata to be automatically harvested by DataOne, thereby increasing discoverability.
- ASN data portal can be used to locate data using the clickable map or by using search terms. We are currently working on a way of presenting relevant OzFlux and AusCover search results in a tabbed layout to make it easier to locate As mentioned previously, there are separate databases for large datasets such as for OzFlux and AusCover data and we also have a separate database for acoustic recordings located at a website called Bush.FM. Each acoustic sensor will record terabytes of data with some Supersites hosting multiple acoustic sensors. We will be setting up a separate database to store phenocam images.
- Acoustic data from each supersite can be accessed from the Bush.fm web page. The data is presented visually and 1 min sections can be selected and played on-line. Analysis tools will soon be added to this web site and working groups developed to progress data handling and analysis strategies.
- Data is made available under licence agreements defined by the host institutions that deliver data, or a TERN licence if the data collection is fully TERN funded. The ASN uses the TERN Attribution-Share Alike Licence which is based on the Creative Commons Australia CC BY-A licence. This licence aims to ensure that data sources are acknowledged and cited. The licence also stipulates that products derived from the datasets also carry an open licence. The ASN can now mint Digital Object Identifiers for datasets which provides an easy way to cite the datasets and helps to acknowledge the value of datasets that may not be related to previous publications.
- There is a wide use for data collected at the Supersites including calibration / validation of AusCover biophysical map products.The data will be used to address research questions across the network that look at processes affecting ecosystem function, as well as addressing local questions specific to each Supersite.Data will feed into ecosystem modelling at a range of scales to address a range of issues from landscape management to carbon accounting and climate prediction.Our data will act as a resource for local Natural Resource Management decision makers in areas such as forestry management, water use, fire resilience andconservation.The success of the Supersite network relies on an efficient means of transferring information from the field collection teams to the data end users and this is what we have aimed to achieve with our data portals.
- Current activities include reviewing and expanding monitoring protocols at the Supersites, including data handling and quality assurance strategies.We want to increase the amount of intensive monitoringof specific invertebrates taxa, including the ants which are very good indicators of ecosystem health in Australia. We also want to increase the number of spoil sensors to cover the footprint of the flux towers. We would like to ass cosmic ray soil moil moisture sensors at each of our sitesWeaim to maximise interoperability and data integration with similar international ecosystem monitoring efforts such as NEON in the US.We have already had discussions with NEON to compare our strategies on vegetation and soil monitoring and will continue to have discussions on other monitoring protocols as well as data QA/QC. We have made preliminary contacts with the AnaEE network in Europe and the Chinese Ecosystem Research Network who are currently developing their networks. New challenges include the management and analysis of a very large amounts of acoustic data and phenocam images. We are also developing a capacity to visualise live data streams from each Supersite on the web.