The document analyzes noise pollution around Sam Ratulangi International Airport in Manado, Indonesia. Noise levels were measured at four locations - the airport apron and three nearby villages. All locations exceeded noise threshold standards. A survey found noise exposure impacted residents' health, causing insomnia, hearing loss, and other issues. The study recommends strategies to restrain noise at its source, during transmission, and on humans to mitigate these impacts.
IRJET- Increasing Noise Pollution in SRTM University Campus Area of Vishn...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on increasing noise pollution in the Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University campus area in Nanded, India. Noise levels were measured between January 2018 and December 2018 at 20 sampling sites, including locations designated as silence zones, residential areas, and commercial areas. The results found noise levels exceeding permissible limits set by the Central Pollution Control Board, with some commercial areas reaching up to 85 dB during the day. Increasing population, urbanization, construction activities, and vehicle traffic were concluded to be contributing factors to rising noise pollution levels in the university campus area.
Environmental noise pollution from road transport and other sources in varna,...eSAT Journals
Abstract The present research has been conducted in Varna – the third biggest city in Bulgaria in order to assess the environmental noise pollution from road transport and other sources. Noise monitoring has been done during the period 2007-2014 at 45 monitoring posts situated at: areas with intensive road traffic; areas with railroad traffic; areas with aviation noise; areas with marine traffic; industrial areas; built-up areas; recreation areas; hospitals and sanatoria; scientific research sites; quiet areas in open country. The noise pollution has been assessed through the daily equivalent sound levels LeqD in the environment that determine the degree of discomfort during daytime (07.00 – 19.00). Research results have been statistically interpreted by variation analysis and the differences have been estimated by Student-Fischer t-criteria. The dominant source of environmental noise pollution in Varna is road traffic. Sound levels at monitoring posts with intensive road traffic are considerably higher than the established limit value – LeqD vary between 69.28 and 71.72 dB(A) and exceed the limit value with 10-12 dB(A). At recreation areas the average LeqD exceed the limit value during the entire monitoring period. More intensive noise pollution has been observed from 2010 onwards as the increase is statistically reliable and the differences are of strong statistical significance (0.001 ≤ Р ≤ 0.05). At built-up areas the average LeqD are close to the limit value and a statistically reliable increase has been registered from 2010 onwards (P < 0.001). Different types of measures are discussed to reduce noise pollution mostly from road transport. Key Words: daily equivalent sound level, environmental noise pollution, noise sources, road traffic
IRJET - Noise Pollution at Major Intersection in Jaipur City and its Mitigati...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on noise pollution from road traffic in Jaipur City, India. Six locations around the city were selected for noise level measurements over a period of 15 days. The sites represented different land uses like residential, commercial and industrial areas. Noise levels were found to exceed safe limits specified by pollution control authorities. Higher noise levels were observed in residential and commercial areas compared to agricultural lands. Noise levels increased with rising traffic volumes and were lower farther from roads. The conclusions recommend noise mitigation measures and note the need for further research on noise measurement, analysis and abatement.
Pollution Due To Noise from Selected PlacesIOSR Journals
Noise pollution degrades environment and also causes health hazard to human beings. In urban areas major sources of noise pollution are traffic and construction activities. Available guide lines for noise pollution have been reviewed in the paper. Measurement of noise levels at selected locations reported in the paper, for example, railway stations, use of machinery at construction sites, etc., was made and compared with the guide line values. It has been observed that the noise level at all locations exceeds the value prescribed by the competent authorities. At the pedestrian locations the noise level is 60 dB to 110 dB. At the railway crossing the noise level is 45 dB to 110 dB. The above inference shows that the noise pollution is paramount at all sources. Due to the various adverse impacts of noise on humans and environment, noise should be controlled. The conclusion drawn from this study is that the technique or the combination of techniques to be employed for noise control depends upon the extent of the noise reduction required, nature of the equipment used and the economy aspects of the available techniques
environmental assessment of vehicular emissionIJEAB
Port Harcourt is a coastal city located in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, with very short dry season and long heavy rainy season periods. The objective of this study was to assess air pollution level from vehicular emission during the rainy season period. Three locations in the city noted for high traffic congestion were selected for the study. Air sampling in these locations were carried out for 11 days, covering peak and off peak periods. The following air pollutants were measured namely; nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur oxides (SOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and unburnt hydrocarbons (CxHy), as well as climatic elements – ambient temperature and relative humidity. The air pollutant levels obtained were compared with local and international standards. CO complied with international standard, but exceeded local standard. There is need for effective air pollution monitoring and control, this will go a long way to reduce the health risk associated with air pollution in the city.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Technical engineering in industrial ippc as a key tool for ambient air qualit...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Electromagnetic pollution maps as a resource for assessing the risk of emiss...IJECEIAES
Electromagnetic pollution has taken on importance in recent decades, as interest is growing in knowing how the proliferation of mobile communication devices can affect the environment and generate health problems in the population. In this document, a systematic review of the methodologies for measuring electromagnetic radiation is carried out with a view to generating pollution profiles. It also develops a novel methodology for measuring electromagnetic pollution (EMP) in urban areas, and is validated with a case study using a map of EMP in the city of Manizales (Colombia), determining the spatial distribution of radiation levels. In order to generate the map, EMP measurements were carried out in the bands of local mobile telephone operators, in addition to the LPWAN (low power wide area network) LoRaWAN and Sigfox networks, Wi-Fi, and those related to IoT technologies.
IRJET- Increasing Noise Pollution in SRTM University Campus Area of Vishn...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on increasing noise pollution in the Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University campus area in Nanded, India. Noise levels were measured between January 2018 and December 2018 at 20 sampling sites, including locations designated as silence zones, residential areas, and commercial areas. The results found noise levels exceeding permissible limits set by the Central Pollution Control Board, with some commercial areas reaching up to 85 dB during the day. Increasing population, urbanization, construction activities, and vehicle traffic were concluded to be contributing factors to rising noise pollution levels in the university campus area.
Environmental noise pollution from road transport and other sources in varna,...eSAT Journals
Abstract The present research has been conducted in Varna – the third biggest city in Bulgaria in order to assess the environmental noise pollution from road transport and other sources. Noise monitoring has been done during the period 2007-2014 at 45 monitoring posts situated at: areas with intensive road traffic; areas with railroad traffic; areas with aviation noise; areas with marine traffic; industrial areas; built-up areas; recreation areas; hospitals and sanatoria; scientific research sites; quiet areas in open country. The noise pollution has been assessed through the daily equivalent sound levels LeqD in the environment that determine the degree of discomfort during daytime (07.00 – 19.00). Research results have been statistically interpreted by variation analysis and the differences have been estimated by Student-Fischer t-criteria. The dominant source of environmental noise pollution in Varna is road traffic. Sound levels at monitoring posts with intensive road traffic are considerably higher than the established limit value – LeqD vary between 69.28 and 71.72 dB(A) and exceed the limit value with 10-12 dB(A). At recreation areas the average LeqD exceed the limit value during the entire monitoring period. More intensive noise pollution has been observed from 2010 onwards as the increase is statistically reliable and the differences are of strong statistical significance (0.001 ≤ Р ≤ 0.05). At built-up areas the average LeqD are close to the limit value and a statistically reliable increase has been registered from 2010 onwards (P < 0.001). Different types of measures are discussed to reduce noise pollution mostly from road transport. Key Words: daily equivalent sound level, environmental noise pollution, noise sources, road traffic
IRJET - Noise Pollution at Major Intersection in Jaipur City and its Mitigati...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on noise pollution from road traffic in Jaipur City, India. Six locations around the city were selected for noise level measurements over a period of 15 days. The sites represented different land uses like residential, commercial and industrial areas. Noise levels were found to exceed safe limits specified by pollution control authorities. Higher noise levels were observed in residential and commercial areas compared to agricultural lands. Noise levels increased with rising traffic volumes and were lower farther from roads. The conclusions recommend noise mitigation measures and note the need for further research on noise measurement, analysis and abatement.
Pollution Due To Noise from Selected PlacesIOSR Journals
Noise pollution degrades environment and also causes health hazard to human beings. In urban areas major sources of noise pollution are traffic and construction activities. Available guide lines for noise pollution have been reviewed in the paper. Measurement of noise levels at selected locations reported in the paper, for example, railway stations, use of machinery at construction sites, etc., was made and compared with the guide line values. It has been observed that the noise level at all locations exceeds the value prescribed by the competent authorities. At the pedestrian locations the noise level is 60 dB to 110 dB. At the railway crossing the noise level is 45 dB to 110 dB. The above inference shows that the noise pollution is paramount at all sources. Due to the various adverse impacts of noise on humans and environment, noise should be controlled. The conclusion drawn from this study is that the technique or the combination of techniques to be employed for noise control depends upon the extent of the noise reduction required, nature of the equipment used and the economy aspects of the available techniques
environmental assessment of vehicular emissionIJEAB
Port Harcourt is a coastal city located in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, with very short dry season and long heavy rainy season periods. The objective of this study was to assess air pollution level from vehicular emission during the rainy season period. Three locations in the city noted for high traffic congestion were selected for the study. Air sampling in these locations were carried out for 11 days, covering peak and off peak periods. The following air pollutants were measured namely; nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur oxides (SOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and unburnt hydrocarbons (CxHy), as well as climatic elements – ambient temperature and relative humidity. The air pollutant levels obtained were compared with local and international standards. CO complied with international standard, but exceeded local standard. There is need for effective air pollution monitoring and control, this will go a long way to reduce the health risk associated with air pollution in the city.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Technical engineering in industrial ippc as a key tool for ambient air qualit...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Electromagnetic pollution maps as a resource for assessing the risk of emiss...IJECEIAES
Electromagnetic pollution has taken on importance in recent decades, as interest is growing in knowing how the proliferation of mobile communication devices can affect the environment and generate health problems in the population. In this document, a systematic review of the methodologies for measuring electromagnetic radiation is carried out with a view to generating pollution profiles. It also develops a novel methodology for measuring electromagnetic pollution (EMP) in urban areas, and is validated with a case study using a map of EMP in the city of Manizales (Colombia), determining the spatial distribution of radiation levels. In order to generate the map, EMP measurements were carried out in the bands of local mobile telephone operators, in addition to the LPWAN (low power wide area network) LoRaWAN and Sigfox networks, Wi-Fi, and those related to IoT technologies.
The document proposes an interactive robot named Elliot that can merge communication with the physical world. Elliot will act as an intern, exploring and communicating. It will have a portable, interactive personality. The goal is to launch Elliot through a movie, website, press releases and social media to benefit future students and agencies in a win-win-win scenario.
Pic 'A Quote is an app created by students to provide inspirational quotes. The app helped a bullied student named Ashley gain confidence by providing helpful advice. The students want to improve the app by completing the profile process, adding more quotes, and making quotes more compatible. They see the potential customer base as anyone who wants or knows how to use the app. Competitors include other inspirational quote apps. The students plan to market the app through ads on Facebook and word of mouth from parents.
This presentation provides an overview of the 7th edition of the MLA formatting and style guide. It discusses the key changes from previous editions, including no longer underlining titles and including publication medium. The presentation covers general MLA guidelines, how to format the first page, section headings, in-text citations, formatting quotations, and the Works Cited page. It provides examples for each of these elements and discusses citing various source types like books, periodicals, websites, and other media.
Three Colorado companies were selected to present at the 2014 ‘White Hat Life Science Investor Conference,’ in Phoenix, AZ. The Colorado companies included among the 34 presenting companies from across the region, were: EndoShape, Fluonic and ViroCyt.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Presented during the Ministerial Round Table on Science and Higher Education. From Bilateral to pan-European Cooperation held over 21-22 May 2010 in Tirana, Albania
Ruby Day Kraków: Full Text Search with Ferretelliando dias
The document discusses full text search options for Ruby, focusing on the Ferret and acts_as_ferret gems. It provides an overview of indexing and searching with Ferret, including indexing options, searching multiple models, and finding similar items. The document also gives examples of using Ferret with Ruby on Rails models.
This document describes plans to launch Tiferet Academy, a Modern Orthodox yeshiva on Long Island that will utilize blended learning. Tiferet Academy aims to leverage technology to enhance students' education, tailor curriculum to individual needs, and create long-term sustainable tuition costs lower than traditional yeshivas. The school will open in 2013 with preK-2nd grade and be committed to excellence in Judaic and secular studies while preparing students for success in the modern world through skills like critical thinking, collaboration and communication. It will implement a blended learning model where students rotate between online instruction, teacher-led instruction, and project-based collaborative activities led by an assistant.
Capital Allowances - Warning for property advisors - January 2014Robert Maas
If you advise on property you must now deal with Capital Allowances prior to transaction completion or deal with clients facing potential losses.
If there is any chance that the building will be sold after April 2014 and you have not claimed (or 'pooled') the allowances prior to sale you will have destroyed investment
value for each and every future purchaser. The result might be a significant loss for clients.
Robert Maas, Tax Consultant and author of the Bloomsbury Professional Property Taxes book, and Saira Puffett, Surveyor and Tax Specialist recently spoke about what specific action is needed under the new rules to 'protect' capital allowances entitlement for your clients.
Zettata is funded by Accel and Helion VC, prominent venture capital firms known for funding technology companies led by exceptional entrepreneurs and experienced management teams. Some companies funded by Accel include Dropbox, Guardant Health, Pinterest, and Spotify. Semantic search powered by Zettata's technology increased conversions for various product searches between 156-420% compared to traditional keyword search, according to a case study.
This document summarizes the design of a butterfly garden located at 112 Willow St. It discusses dividing the small backyard into 6 functional areas, including dedicating an area for a butterfly garden. Design considerations for the butterfly garden include choosing native plants that provide food and habitat for butterflies. The document examines plant options for the butterfly garden and selects California false indigo (Amorpha californica) as the large shrub and considers different Salvia species for smaller plants. The design aims to create an attractive, low-maintenance garden that supports local butterflies and other pollinators.
The document discusses the key aspects of special event management. It defines special events, event leadership, and event managers. It outlines various event management specialties and provides biographies of notable event planners like Wolfgang Puck and Colin Cowie. It then covers the 5 critical stages of event management: research, design, planning, coordinating, and evaluation. Within each stage, it discusses important considerations and best practices for successful event management.
We often find that informal and social learning are grouped together. Sure there are some overlaps between the two, but they are not necessarily one and the same.
In this presentation we talk about the nuances and differences and how these are applicable in our work at the foundation.
The document discusses phishing awareness and defines various types of phishing scams such as regular phishing, spear phishing, whaling, vishing, smishing, and sextortion. It provides examples of each type of scam and advises on how to identify phishing attempts and protect yourself, including by being wary of unknown senders, sensational subject lines, and not following unsolicited links or downloading attachments. The document is from the Naval OPSEC Support Team at the Navy Information Operations Command in Norfolk.
Healthcare & Science Challengers - Presentation by Thomas Serval, CEO of Kolibree at the NOAH 2015 Conference in Berlin, Tempodrom on the 9th of June 2015.
The document discusses understanding and managing anxiety related to public speaking. It defines different types of anxiety, including situational anxiety (stage fright), trait anxiety, and explains that feeling anxious about public speaking is normal. It provides tips for managing both situational and trait anxiety, such as preparation, relaxation techniques, positive imagery, and accepting imperfect performances.
Case Study; Numerical Control System Retrofitting in Malaysia by Local Companyfunkseoul
1) A local Malaysian company, Ichiryu Sdn Bhd, retrofitted the numerical control (NC) system on one of the machines at an automotive manufacturing plant that was facing issues with obsolete control systems.
2) The retrofit involved replacing the old Fanuc Powermate controller with a new PLC-based NC system from Mitsubishi, along with new servo motors, HMI, and other components. This was completed for around half the cost quoted by overseas suppliers.
3) The retrofit was successful and provided benefits like lower costs, readily available local technical support, and an opportunity to develop local industry capabilities in machinery retrofitting.
The document is an assessment of noise pollution levels at various locations on the campus of Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University in Bangladesh. Noise levels were measured at 16 locations using a sound level meter and GPS. The highest noise level was observed at the Nazrul Statue in the afternoon at 95.8 dB, while the lowest was at the Vice Chancellor's Residence in the evening at 42.2 dB. GIS software was used to create noise maps of the campus during morning, afternoon and evening. The results showed that ambient noise levels exceeded standards. Solutions proposed to reduce noise pollution include turning off appliances, using earplugs, lowering volume, planting trees and regular vehicle maintenance.
This document discusses noise mapping of the campus of the College of Engineering at Al-Mustansiriyah University. Various noise sources on the campus were identified, including electrical generators, parking lots, workshops, and road traffic. Noise measurements were taken at different locations on the campus and compared when the generators were on and off. Based on the noise mappings, the dominant noise levels on the campus exceeded the permissible limit of 55 dB(A) set by the WHO, particularly near areas where students gathered. The noise mappings were created using real measurements and the SoundPlan software to identify the worst noise sources affecting students on the campus.
The document proposes an interactive robot named Elliot that can merge communication with the physical world. Elliot will act as an intern, exploring and communicating. It will have a portable, interactive personality. The goal is to launch Elliot through a movie, website, press releases and social media to benefit future students and agencies in a win-win-win scenario.
Pic 'A Quote is an app created by students to provide inspirational quotes. The app helped a bullied student named Ashley gain confidence by providing helpful advice. The students want to improve the app by completing the profile process, adding more quotes, and making quotes more compatible. They see the potential customer base as anyone who wants or knows how to use the app. Competitors include other inspirational quote apps. The students plan to market the app through ads on Facebook and word of mouth from parents.
This presentation provides an overview of the 7th edition of the MLA formatting and style guide. It discusses the key changes from previous editions, including no longer underlining titles and including publication medium. The presentation covers general MLA guidelines, how to format the first page, section headings, in-text citations, formatting quotations, and the Works Cited page. It provides examples for each of these elements and discusses citing various source types like books, periodicals, websites, and other media.
Three Colorado companies were selected to present at the 2014 ‘White Hat Life Science Investor Conference,’ in Phoenix, AZ. The Colorado companies included among the 34 presenting companies from across the region, were: EndoShape, Fluonic and ViroCyt.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Presented during the Ministerial Round Table on Science and Higher Education. From Bilateral to pan-European Cooperation held over 21-22 May 2010 in Tirana, Albania
Ruby Day Kraków: Full Text Search with Ferretelliando dias
The document discusses full text search options for Ruby, focusing on the Ferret and acts_as_ferret gems. It provides an overview of indexing and searching with Ferret, including indexing options, searching multiple models, and finding similar items. The document also gives examples of using Ferret with Ruby on Rails models.
This document describes plans to launch Tiferet Academy, a Modern Orthodox yeshiva on Long Island that will utilize blended learning. Tiferet Academy aims to leverage technology to enhance students' education, tailor curriculum to individual needs, and create long-term sustainable tuition costs lower than traditional yeshivas. The school will open in 2013 with preK-2nd grade and be committed to excellence in Judaic and secular studies while preparing students for success in the modern world through skills like critical thinking, collaboration and communication. It will implement a blended learning model where students rotate between online instruction, teacher-led instruction, and project-based collaborative activities led by an assistant.
Capital Allowances - Warning for property advisors - January 2014Robert Maas
If you advise on property you must now deal with Capital Allowances prior to transaction completion or deal with clients facing potential losses.
If there is any chance that the building will be sold after April 2014 and you have not claimed (or 'pooled') the allowances prior to sale you will have destroyed investment
value for each and every future purchaser. The result might be a significant loss for clients.
Robert Maas, Tax Consultant and author of the Bloomsbury Professional Property Taxes book, and Saira Puffett, Surveyor and Tax Specialist recently spoke about what specific action is needed under the new rules to 'protect' capital allowances entitlement for your clients.
Zettata is funded by Accel and Helion VC, prominent venture capital firms known for funding technology companies led by exceptional entrepreneurs and experienced management teams. Some companies funded by Accel include Dropbox, Guardant Health, Pinterest, and Spotify. Semantic search powered by Zettata's technology increased conversions for various product searches between 156-420% compared to traditional keyword search, according to a case study.
This document summarizes the design of a butterfly garden located at 112 Willow St. It discusses dividing the small backyard into 6 functional areas, including dedicating an area for a butterfly garden. Design considerations for the butterfly garden include choosing native plants that provide food and habitat for butterflies. The document examines plant options for the butterfly garden and selects California false indigo (Amorpha californica) as the large shrub and considers different Salvia species for smaller plants. The design aims to create an attractive, low-maintenance garden that supports local butterflies and other pollinators.
The document discusses the key aspects of special event management. It defines special events, event leadership, and event managers. It outlines various event management specialties and provides biographies of notable event planners like Wolfgang Puck and Colin Cowie. It then covers the 5 critical stages of event management: research, design, planning, coordinating, and evaluation. Within each stage, it discusses important considerations and best practices for successful event management.
We often find that informal and social learning are grouped together. Sure there are some overlaps between the two, but they are not necessarily one and the same.
In this presentation we talk about the nuances and differences and how these are applicable in our work at the foundation.
The document discusses phishing awareness and defines various types of phishing scams such as regular phishing, spear phishing, whaling, vishing, smishing, and sextortion. It provides examples of each type of scam and advises on how to identify phishing attempts and protect yourself, including by being wary of unknown senders, sensational subject lines, and not following unsolicited links or downloading attachments. The document is from the Naval OPSEC Support Team at the Navy Information Operations Command in Norfolk.
Healthcare & Science Challengers - Presentation by Thomas Serval, CEO of Kolibree at the NOAH 2015 Conference in Berlin, Tempodrom on the 9th of June 2015.
The document discusses understanding and managing anxiety related to public speaking. It defines different types of anxiety, including situational anxiety (stage fright), trait anxiety, and explains that feeling anxious about public speaking is normal. It provides tips for managing both situational and trait anxiety, such as preparation, relaxation techniques, positive imagery, and accepting imperfect performances.
Case Study; Numerical Control System Retrofitting in Malaysia by Local Companyfunkseoul
1) A local Malaysian company, Ichiryu Sdn Bhd, retrofitted the numerical control (NC) system on one of the machines at an automotive manufacturing plant that was facing issues with obsolete control systems.
2) The retrofit involved replacing the old Fanuc Powermate controller with a new PLC-based NC system from Mitsubishi, along with new servo motors, HMI, and other components. This was completed for around half the cost quoted by overseas suppliers.
3) The retrofit was successful and provided benefits like lower costs, readily available local technical support, and an opportunity to develop local industry capabilities in machinery retrofitting.
The document is an assessment of noise pollution levels at various locations on the campus of Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University in Bangladesh. Noise levels were measured at 16 locations using a sound level meter and GPS. The highest noise level was observed at the Nazrul Statue in the afternoon at 95.8 dB, while the lowest was at the Vice Chancellor's Residence in the evening at 42.2 dB. GIS software was used to create noise maps of the campus during morning, afternoon and evening. The results showed that ambient noise levels exceeded standards. Solutions proposed to reduce noise pollution include turning off appliances, using earplugs, lowering volume, planting trees and regular vehicle maintenance.
This document discusses noise mapping of the campus of the College of Engineering at Al-Mustansiriyah University. Various noise sources on the campus were identified, including electrical generators, parking lots, workshops, and road traffic. Noise measurements were taken at different locations on the campus and compared when the generators were on and off. Based on the noise mappings, the dominant noise levels on the campus exceeded the permissible limit of 55 dB(A) set by the WHO, particularly near areas where students gathered. The noise mappings were created using real measurements and the SoundPlan software to identify the worst noise sources affecting students on the campus.
An Analysis of the Noise Level at the Residential Area as the Impact of Fligh...ijceronline
International Airport of Sultan Hasanuddin in Maros is one of the airports with dense activity, causing noise disturbance for the surrounding area. This study aims to analyze the increase of noise level in 8 residential areas between 2011 and 2016 due to airport operational activities and appropriate noise level protection in the residential area. This research is descriptive qualitative and quantitative using WECPNL noise analysis. The results showed that there was an increase in noise, and the protection that was done by planting Polyathialongitalia trees. It could be the basis to overcome the noise level in housing around the International Airport of Sultan Hasanuddin.
Assessment and prediction of noise level on various links in the surrounding ...eSAT Journals
Abstract In scientific terms, noise (or sound) is a pressure oscillation in the air or water or any medium which conducts and travels (radiates) from the source. Due to increasing motorization, construction of roads, airports, flyovers and the growth in transport network, the noise level has exceeded the prescribed limit in many Indian cities. The main purpose of this study is to assess the impact and effect of noise emitted by vehicular traffic on the various links in the surrounding areas of an upcoming international airport at Navi-Mumbai ,India. This study presents on site noise level measurement at 10 locations situated at a distance of 10 Km. radius from the Airport reference Point (ARP) and also on the various links around the airport. Noise monitoring was carried out at all locations for 24 Hours (Leq) in residential, commercial, Industrial and silence zone located in the surrounding areas of Navi Mumbai (India) airport during November-February, 2009. FHWA model has been used for the prediction of noise level. The results show that noise pollution on various links are higher than the prescribed limits given by CPCB. Key Words: Airport, Noise, FHWA Model, Navi Mumbai, Noise Pollution Index, Traffic Noise Index.
Assessment and prediction of noise level on various links in the surrounding ...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
ASSESSMENT OF NOISE POLLUTION IN GOPALGANJ CITYMichele Thomas
Traffic noise is a significant source of noise pollution in Gopalganj city, Bangladesh. Noise levels were measured from 9-10 AM at Launchghat using a sound level meter. All sound levels exceeded the standard of 50 dBA for a mixed area, ranging from 68.5-90.7 dBA. The noise pollution level was calculated to be 90.7 dBA, indicating high noise pollution from traffic in the area during morning hours. Recommendations to decrease noise pollution include restricting heavy vehicles during work hours and improving traffic conditions.
Study of Noise Levels at Commercial and Industrial Areas in an Urban EnvironmentIJERA Editor
This document summarizes a study that measured noise levels at commercial and industrial areas in Secunderabad, India. The study found that average noise levels exceeded standards at both a mixed commercial/residential area (Trimulgherry) and an industrial area (Jeedimetla). Noise levels were higher during the day than night. Various noise indices, including L10, L50, L90, TNI, NC, and Lnp, were also calculated and found to be higher at the industrial area compared to the mixed area. A mathematical model was developed to predict noise levels based on traffic flow data that showed good correlation between observed and calculated noise levels.
Status of noise in yeshwanthpur circle (bangalore north) based on on site dat...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Noise pollution assessment in greater agartala city a case studyeSAT Publishing House
This document summarizes a study on noise pollution assessment in the city of Agartala, India. Noise levels were measured at 19 locations across the city in residential, commercial, industrial and silent zones using a sound level meter. Equivalent noise levels were calculated for each zone and compared to standards. The results showed noise levels exceeding standards in many areas, with commercial zones having the highest levels up to 79.55 dB during the day due to vehicle traffic and crowds. Residential zones also exceeded nighttime limits in some areas. Industrial zones exceeded daytime limits. Silent zones near hospitals exceeded daytime limits likely due to increased activity. Overall the study found urbanization has increased noise pollution in Agartala city.
The document presents information on emerging technologies for air quality monitoring. It discusses various air pollutants like particulate matter, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur dioxides. It also describes different air sampling processes and the application of air quality index (AQI) to report daily air quality levels. The document outlines the objectives to analyze air quality data from pollution control boards and use sensors to provide cautionary values to alert people and improve air quality. It discusses literature review on indoor air quality and wireless sensor networks for air monitoring.
Environmental Impact assessment (EIA) is the assessment of the environmental consequences of a plan, policy, program, or actual projects prior to the decision to move forward with the proposed action.
Studying the Effects of Aircraft Noise Around Abu Dhabi International Airport...civejjour
The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of aircraft noise pollution on community and workers’
health near Abu Dhabi International Airport. This study was conducted in residential neighborhoods and
employment areas living and working within a 25-km radius of the airport with high exposure to aircraft
noise and in matched control areas far from the airport (outside the 25-km radius) and are unaffected by
aircraft noise. Data was collected by conducting a revealed-preference face-to-face interview surveys
among the residents and the workers nea rand far from Abu Dhabi International Airport during the months
of September and December 2014. A total of 5,070 residents in both areas (2,579 near the airport and
2,492 far from the airport) and 1,995 workers in both areas (995 near the airport and 1,000 far from the
airport) were interviewed and completed the questionnaire. Binomial Logit Regression Model was used to
determine the impact of aircraft noise on community and workers’ health. After controlling for
confounders, the health of the residents adjacent to the airport who have been chronically exposed to high
aircraft noise level are found to be worse than the control group. The results show that residents from the
noise exposure area have a high level of noise stress, hypertension, headache, general disturbance, loss of
sleep/insomnia, and hearing problems than the matched control area. On the other hand, aircraft noise
pollution near Abu Dhabi Airport has no negative impact on workers adjacent to the airport. The impact of
aircraft noise on community health should not restrain the growth of air travel industry in the city as this
growth is essential and beneficial to the whole nation’s economy. The reduction of aircraft noise level in
the exposed area could be achieved by imposing policies, codes of practices, and action noise plans to
assess and evaluate land use management as an effective tool for mitigating aircraft noise. Future research
should assess community health based on self-reported physician diagnosed blood pressure; and hearing,
stress, headache diagnostic examination.
STUDYING THE EFFECTS OF AIRCRAFT NOISE AROUND ABU DHABI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT...civejjour
The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of aircraft noise pollution on community and workers’
health near Abu Dhabi International Airport. This study was conducted in residential neighborhoods and
employment areas living and working within a 25-km radius of the airport with high exposure to aircraft
noise and in matched control areas far from the airport (outside the 25-km radius) and are unaffected by
aircraft noise. Data was collected by conducting a revealed-preference face-to-face interview surveys
among the residents and the workers nea rand far from Abu Dhabi International Airport during the months
of September and December 2014. A total of 5,070 residents in both areas (2,579 near the airport and
2,492 far from the airport) and 1,995 workers in both areas (995 near the airport and 1,000 far from the
airport) were interviewed and completed the questionnaire. Binomial Logit Regression Model was used to
determine the impact of aircraft noise on community and workers’ health. After controlling for
confounders, the health of the residents adjacent to the airport who have been chronically exposed to high
aircraft noise level are found to be worse than the control group. The results show that residents from the
noise exposure area have a high level of noise stress, hypertension, headache, general disturbance, loss of
sleep/insomnia, and hearing problems than the matched control area. On the other hand, aircraft noise
pollution near Abu Dhabi Airport has no negative impact on workers adjacent to the airport. The impact of
aircraft noise on community health should not restrain the growth of air travel industry in the city as this
growth is essential and beneficial to the whole nation’s economy. The reduction of aircraft noise level in
the exposed area could be achieved by imposing policies, codes of practices, and action noise plans to
assess and evaluate land use management as an effective tool for mitigating aircraft noise. Future research
should assess community health based on self-reported physician diagnosed blood pressure; and hearing,
stress, headache diagnostic examination.
Studying the Effects of Aircraft Noise Around Abu Dhabi International Airport...civejjour
The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of aircraft noise pollution on community and workers’
health near Abu Dhabi International Airport. This study was conducted in residential neighborhoods and
employment areas living and working within a 25-km radius of the airport with high exposure to aircraft
noise and in matched control areas far from the airport (outside the 25-km radius) and are unaffected by
aircraft noise. Data was collected by conducting a revealed-preference face-to-face interview surveys
among the residents and the workers nea rand far from Abu Dhabi International Airport during the months
of September and December 2014. A total of 5,070 residents in both areas (2,579 near the airport and
2,492 far from the airport) and 1,995 workers in both areas (995 near the airport and 1,000 far from the
airport) were interviewed and completed the questionnaire. Binomial Logit Regression Model was used to
determine the impact of aircraft noise on community and workers’ health. After controlling for
confounders, the health of the residents adjacent to the airport who have been chronically exposed to high
aircraft noise level are found to be worse than the control group. The results show that residents from the
noise exposure area have a high level of noise stress, hypertension, headache, general disturbance, loss of
sleep/insomnia, and hearing problems than the matched control area. On the other hand, aircraft noise
pollution near Abu Dhabi Airport has no negative impact on workers adjacent to the airport. The impact of
aircraft noise on community health should not restrain the growth of air travel industry in the city as this
growth is essential and beneficial to the whole nation’s economy. The reduction of aircraft noise level in
the exposed area could be achieved by imposing policies, codes of practices, and action noise plans to
assess and evaluate land use management as an effective tool for mitigating aircraft noise. Future research
should assess community health based on self-reported physician diagnosed blood pressure; and hearing,
stress, headache diagnostic examination.
STUDYING THE EFFECTS OF AIRCRAFT NOISE AROUND ABU DHABI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT...civej
The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of aircraft noise pollution on community and workers’ health near Abu Dhabi International Airport. This study was conducted in residential neighborhoods and employment areas living and working within a 25-km radius of the airport with high exposure to aircraft
noise and in matched control areas far from the airport (outside the 25-km radius) and are unaffected by aircraft noise. Data was collected by conducting a revealed-preference face-to-face interview surveys among the residents and the workers nea rand far from Abu Dhabi International Airport during the months
of September and December 2014. A total of 5,070 residents in both areas (2,579 near the airport and 2,492 far from the airport) and 1,995 workers in both areas (995 near the airport and 1,000 far from the airport) were interviewed and completed the questionnaire. Binomial Logit Regression Model was used to
determine the impact of aircraft noise on community and workers’ health. After controlling for confounders, the health of the residents adjacent to the airport who have been chronically exposed to high aircraft noise level are found to be worse than the control group. The results show that residents from the noise exposure area have a high level of noise stress, hypertension, headache, general disturbance, loss of
sleep/insomnia, and hearing problems than the matched control area. On the other hand, aircraft noise pollution near Abu Dhabi Airport has no negative impact on workers adjacent to the airport. The impact of aircraft noise on community health should not restrain the growth of air travel industry in the city as this
growth is essential and beneficial to the whole nation’s economy. The reduction of aircraft noise level in the exposed area could be achieved by imposing policies, codes of practices, and action noise plans to assess and evaluate land use management as an effective tool for mitigating aircraft noise. Future research should assess community health based on self-reported physician diagnosed blood pressure; and hearing,
stress, headache diagnostic examination.
Impact of Air Quality on Human Health In The Vicinity of Construction Sites i...IJERA Editor
Construction sites are important source of air pollution emitting pollutants like PM10, etc. which adversely affect human health especially the respiratory system. The present study aims at monitoring of PM10, health condition of workers, evaluation of API (Air Pollution Index) and development of correlation between API and human health in the vicinity of construction sites. In the present study relevant literature review has also been carried out to study and analyze the impact of air pollution on human health. Reconnaissance survey of 19 selected construction sites in Delhi-NCR has been conducted for the period January 2013 to December 2013 and health related data of people in the vicinity of construction sites has been collected individually through a questionnaire. The air quality data (for pollutant PM10) for the area in which the selected construction sites lie has been obtained from the continuous monitoring stations of Central Pollution Control Board. The monthly average PM10 concentration in the ambient air for the study period has been obtained for all the sites. The annual average PM10 level of all the sites has been estimated and compared with the prescribed value. Also the air pollution index (API) (for pollutant PM10) has been calculated for each site and compared with the percentage of people suffering with respiratory problems at the respective sites. The results show that the construction sites where the value of API for PM10 is higher there the percentage of people suffering with respiratory diseases has also been higher.
Study on noise pollution at construction siteeSAT Journals
Abstract
Construction sites grinds out deep noises, mostly from vehicles, equipment and array of machineries. Surplus noise is not only infuriating and diversionary, but can lead to hard of hearing, blood pressure, sleeping trouble and awful stress. High noise levels in construction escalate the nature and environment. Among various pollutions noise pollution from construction industry is one of the important contributions for the environment. The objective of this paper is to study some general information about the noise generated by the activities of construction. This imprecise consciousness data includes review of all noise level and their effects due to construction. The general study contains the circumstances which affects due to noise pollutants of construction sites in various places, methods and the results used in the reviews.
Keywords: Noise, Annoyance, Equipment, Exposure, Experiments
Mobile Netw Appl
DOI 10.1007/s11036-009-0217-y
NoiseSPY is a mobile phone application that turns phones into noise sensors. It records sound levels using the phone microphone along with GPS data. This allows users to map noise levels encountered during journeys. Initial trials involved cycling couriers collecting noise data in Cambridge. Indications are the functionality engaged users and aspects like personal data, context, and reflection on data collection were important factors in user interest. The system architecture combines sound level measurements on the phone with transmission of data to a server for aggregation and visualization on an online noise map.
Assessment of noise pollution in selected sawmills in Port HarcourtIJERA Editor
A study on noise pollution in selected sawmills (Mile 3, Mile 1 and Rumuosi sawmills) in Port Harcourt was carried out. Physical measurements of the noise levels of sawmill machines, including Table Saw, Planing Machine,Stenner 48 Bandsaw, and Sharpening Machine, were made using a digital sound level meter. The background noise of the sawmills ranged 70.58 – 79.70 dBA in the order of Mile 3 > Mile 1 >Rumuosi. The average noise level of sawmill machines for Mile 3, Mile 1 and Rumuosi ranged 89.76±0.09- 100.49±0.20dBA, 89.81±0.13 - 97.00±0.46dBA and 89.76±0.07 -100.10±0.53dBA, respectively. In the three sawmills studied, the Sharpening machine recorded the least noise levelwhile the Planing machine had the highest. The noise dose (D) of the Sharpening machine at the three sawmills ranged 0.97 - 0.98, which is below the permissible limit of 1, while the D for Table Saw, Planing Machine and Stenner 48 Bandsawranged 1.86 - 4.27, which is in excess of 1. From the measured noise level and the estimated D, an empirical model that could predict the recommended time a worker is supposed to work with the identified sawmill machines was developed for each of the three sawmills. The values obtained for the hearing deterioration indexindicate that the risk of developing hearing loss after 35 years of exposure is likely to be in the order of Planing machine > Table saw >Stenner 48 bandsaw > Sharpening machine. It is concluded that there is noise pollution emanating from these sawmill machines.
IRJET- Effect of Noise on Human Psychology in Public Spaces of Dhaka CityIRJET Journal
The document discusses the effects of noise pollution on human psychology in public spaces in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It measures noise levels at five public locations and interviews people at each location about the psychological impacts of noise. The study finds that noise from vehicles, crowds, and hawkers causes health issues like headaches and stress responses. Extreme noise is linked to problems like irritation, anxiety, and sleep disturbances. The busiest locations of Farmgate and Mirpur 10 have the highest noise levels and most reported psychological effects.
This document discusses the impact of data mining on business intelligence. It begins by defining business intelligence as using new technologies to quickly respond to changes in the business environment. Data mining is an important part of the business intelligence lifecycle, which includes determining requirements, collecting and analyzing data, generating reports, and measuring performance. Data mining allows businesses to access real-time, accurate data from multiple sources to improve decision making. Using business intelligence and data mining techniques can help businesses become more efficient and make better decisions to increase profits and customer satisfaction. The expected results of applying business intelligence include improved decision making through accurate, timely information to support organizational goals and strategic plans.
This document presents a novel technique for solving the transcendental equations of selective harmonics elimination pulse width modulation (SHEPWM) inverters based on the secant method. The proposed algorithm uses the secant method to simplify the numerical solution of the nonlinear equations and solve them faster compared to other methods. Simulation results validate that the proposed method accurately estimates the switching angles to eliminate specific harmonics from the output voltage waveform and achieves near sinusoidal output current for various modulation indices and numbers of harmonics eliminated.
This document summarizes a research paper that designed and implemented a dual tone multi-frequency (DTMF) based GSM-controlled car security system. The system uses a DTMF decoder and GSM module to allow a car to be remotely controlled and secured from a mobile phone. It works by sending DTMF tones from the phone through calls to the GSM module in the car. The decoder interprets the tones and a microcontroller executes commands to disable the ignition or control other devices. The system was created to improve car security and accessibility through remote monitoring and control with DTMF and GSM technology.
This document presents an algorithm for imperceptibly embedding a DNA-encoded watermark into a color image for authentication purposes. It applies a multi-resolution discrete wavelet transform to decompose the image. The watermark, encoded into DNA nucleotides, is then embedded into the third-level wavelet coefficients through a quantization process. Specifically, the watermark nucleotides are complemented and used to quantize coefficients in the middle frequency band, modifying the coefficients. The watermarked image is reconstructed through inverse wavelet transform. Extraction reverses these steps to recover the watermark without the original image. The algorithm aims to balance imperceptibility and robustness through this wavelet-based, blind watermarking scheme.
1) The document analyzes the dynamic saturation point of a deep-water channel in Shanghai port based on actual traffic data and a ship domain model.
2) A dynamic channel transit capacity model is established that considers factors like channel width, ship density, speed, and reductions due to traffic conditions.
3) Based on AIS data from the channel, the average traffic flow is calculated to be 15.7 ships per hour, resulting in a dynamic saturation of 32.5%, or 43.3% accounting for uneven day/night traffic volumes.
The document summarizes research on the use of earth air tunnels and wind towers as passive solar techniques. Key findings include:
- Earth air tunnels circulate air through underground pipes to take advantage of the stable temperature 4 meters below ground for cooling in summer and heating in winter. Testing showed the technique can reduce ambient temperatures by up to 14 degrees Celsius.
- Wind towers circulate air through tall shafts to cool air entering buildings at night and provide downward airflow of cooled air during the day.
- Experimental testing of an earth air tunnel system over multiple months found maximum temperature reductions of 33% in spring and minimum reductions of 15% in summer.
The document compares the mechanical and physical properties of low density polyethylene (LDPE) thin films and sheets reinforced with graphene nanoparticles. LDPE/graphene thin films were produced via solution casting, while sheets were made by compression molding. Testing showed that the thin films had enhanced tensile strength, lower melt flow index, and higher thermal stability compared to sheets. The tensile strength of thin films increased by up to 160% with 1% graphene, while sheets increased by 70%. Melt flow index decreased more for thin films, indicating higher viscosity. Thin films also showed greater improvement in glass transition temperature. These results demonstrate that processing technique affects the properties of LDPE/graphene nanocomposites.
The document describes improvements made to a friction testing machine. A stepper motor and PLC control system were added to automatically vary the load on friction pairs, replacing the manual method. Tests using the improved machine found that the friction coefficient decreases as the load increases, and that abrasive and adhesive wear increased with higher loads. The improved machine allows more accurate and convenient testing of friction pairs under varying load conditions.
This document summarizes a research article that investigates the steady, two-dimensional Falkner-Skan boundary layer flow over a stationary wedge with momentum and thermal slip boundary conditions. The flow considers a temperature-dependent thermal conductivity in the presence of a porous medium and viscous dissipation. Governing partial differential equations are non-dimensionalized and transformed into ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations. The equations are highly nonlinear and cannot be solved analytically, so a numerical solver is used. Numerical results are presented for the skin friction coefficient, local Nusselt number, velocity and temperature profiles for varying parameters like the Falkner-Skan parameter and Eckert number.
An improvised white board compass was designed and developed to enhance the teaching of geometrical construction concepts in basic technology courses. The compass allows teachers to visually demonstrate geometric concepts and constructions on a white board in an engaging, hands-on manner. It supports constructivist learning principles by enabling students to observe and emulate the teacher. The design process utilized design and development research methodology to test educational theories and validate the practical application of the compass. The improvised compass was found to effectively engage students and improve their performance in learning geometric constructions.
The document describes the design of an energy meter that calculates energy using a one second logic for improved accuracy. The meter samples voltage and current values using an ADC synchronized to the line frequency via PLL. It calculates active and reactive power by averaging the sampled values over each second. The accumulated active power for each second is multiplied by one second to calculate energy, which is accumulated and converted to kWh. Test results showed the meter achieved an error of 0.3%, within the acceptable limit for class 1 meters. Considering energy over longer durations like one second helps reduce percentage error in the calculation.
This document presents a two-stage method for solving fuzzy transportation problems where the costs, supplies, and demands are represented by symmetric trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. In the first stage, the problem is solved to satisfy minimum demand requirements. Remaining supplies are then distributed in the second stage to further minimize costs. A numerical example demonstrates using robust ranking techniques to convert the fuzzy problem into a crisp one, which is then solved using a zero suffix method. The total optimal costs from both stages provide the solution to the original fuzzy transportation problem.
1) The document proposes using an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) controller for a Distributed Power Flow Controller (DPFC) to improve voltage regulation and power quality in a transmission system.
2) A DPFC is placed at a load bus in an IEEE 4 bus system and its performance is compared using a PI controller and ANFIS controller.
3) Simulation results show the ANFIS controller provides faster convergence and better voltage profile maintenance during voltage sags and swells compared to the PI controller.
The document describes an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm to solve vehicle routing problems. It introduces concepts of leptons and hadrons to particles in the algorithm. Leptons interact weakly based on individual and neighborhood best positions, while hadrons (local best particles) undergo strong interactions by colliding with the global best particle. When stagnation occurs, particle decay is used to increase diversity. Simulations show the improved algorithm avoids premature convergence and finds better solutions compared to the basic particle swarm optimization.
This document presents a method for analyzing photoplethysmographic (PPG) signals using correlative analysis. The method involves calculating the autocorrelation function of the PPG signal, extracting the envelope of the autocorrelation function using a low pass filter, and approximating the envelope by determining attenuation coefficients. Ten PPG signals were collected from volunteers and analyzed using this method. The attenuation coefficients were found to have similar values around 0.46, providing a potentially useful parameter for medical diagnosis.
This document describes the simulation and design of a process to recover monoethylene glycol (MEG) from effluent waste streams of a petrochemical company in Iran. Aspen Plus simulation software was used to model the process, which involves separating water, salts, and various glycols (MEG, DEG, TEG, TTEG) using a series of distillation columns. Sensitivity analyses were performed to optimize column parameters such as pressure, reflux ratio, and boilup ratio. The results showed that MEG, DEG, TEG, and TTEG could be recovered at rates of 5.01, 2.039, 0.062, and 0.089 kg/hr, respectively.
This document presents a numerical analysis of fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics of ventilated disc brake rotors using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Two types of rotor configurations are considered: circular pillared (CP) and diamond pillared radial vane (DP). A 20° sector of each rotor is modeled and meshed. Governing equations for mass, momentum, and energy are solved using ANSYS CFX. Boundary conditions include 900K and 1500K isothermal rotor walls for different speeds. Results show the DP rotor has 70% higher mass flow and 24% higher heat dissipation than the CP rotor. Velocity and pressure distributions are more uniform for the DP rotor at higher speeds, ensuring more uniform cooling. The
This document describes the design and testing of an automated cocoa drying house prototype in Trinidad and Tobago. The prototype included automated features like a retractable roof, automatic heaters, and remote control. It aims to address issues with the traditional manual sun drying process, which is time-consuming and relies on human monitoring of changing weather conditions. Initial testing with farmers showed interest in the automated system as a potential solution.
This document presents the design of a telemedical system for remote monitoring of cardiac insufficiency. The system includes an electrocardiography (ECG) device that collects and digitizes ECG signals. The ECG signals undergo digital signal processing including autocorrelation analysis. Graphical interfaces allow patients and doctors to view ECG data and attenuation coefficients derived from autocorrelation analysis. Data is transmitted between parties using TCP/IP protocol. The system aims to facilitate remote monitoring of cardiac patients to reduce hospitalizations through early detection of health changes.
The document summarizes a polygon oscillating piston engine invention. The engine uses multiple pistons arranged around the sides of a polygon within cylinders. As the pistons oscillate, they compress and combust air-fuel mixtures to produce power. This design achieves a very high power-to-weight ratio of up to 2 hp per pound. Engineering analysis and design of a prototype 6-sided engine is presented, showing it can produce 168 hp from a 353 cubic feet per minute air flow at 12,960 rpm. The invention overcomes issues with prior oscillating piston designs by keeping the pistons moving in straight lines within cylinders using conventional piston rings.
More from International Journal of Engineering Inventions www.ijeijournal.com (20)
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and MilvusZilliz
Spark is the widely used ETL tool for processing, indexing and ingesting data to serving stack for search. Milvus is the production-ready open-source vector database. In this talk we will show how to use Spark to process unstructured data to extract vector representations, and push the vectors to Milvus vector database for search serving.
Trusted Execution Environment for Decentralized Process MiningLucaBarbaro3
Presentation of the paper "Trusted Execution Environment for Decentralized Process Mining" given during the CAiSE 2024 Conference in Cyprus on June 7, 2024.
In the realm of cybersecurity, offensive security practices act as a critical shield. By simulating real-world attacks in a controlled environment, these techniques expose vulnerabilities before malicious actors can exploit them. This proactive approach allows manufacturers to identify and fix weaknesses, significantly enhancing system security.
This presentation delves into the development of a system designed to mimic Galileo's Open Service signal using software-defined radio (SDR) technology. We'll begin with a foundational overview of both Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and the intricacies of digital signal processing.
The presentation culminates in a live demonstration. We'll showcase the manipulation of Galileo's Open Service pilot signal, simulating an attack on various software and hardware systems. This practical demonstration serves to highlight the potential consequences of unaddressed vulnerabilities, emphasizing the importance of offensive security practices in safeguarding critical infrastructure.
Digital Marketing Trends in 2024 | Guide for Staying AheadWask
https://www.wask.co/ebooks/digital-marketing-trends-in-2024
Feeling lost in the digital marketing whirlwind of 2024? Technology is changing, consumer habits are evolving, and staying ahead of the curve feels like a never-ending pursuit. This e-book is your compass. Dive into actionable insights to handle the complexities of modern marketing. From hyper-personalization to the power of user-generated content, learn how to build long-term relationships with your audience and unlock the secrets to success in the ever-shifting digital landscape.
Salesforce Integration for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions A...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on integration of Salesforce with Bonterra Impact Management.
Interested in deploying an integration with Salesforce for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
FREE A4 Cyber Security Awareness Posters-Social Engineering part 3Data Hops
Free A4 downloadable and printable Cyber Security, Social Engineering Safety and security Training Posters . Promote security awareness in the home or workplace. Lock them Out From training providers datahops.com
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracyTomaz Bratanic
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers
How to Interpret Trends in the Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart.pdfChart Kalyan
A Mix Chart displays historical data of numbers in a graphical or tabular form. The Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart specifically shows the results of a sequence of numbers over different periods.
leewayhertz.com-AI in predictive maintenance Use cases technologies benefits ...alexjohnson7307
Predictive maintenance is a proactive approach that anticipates equipment failures before they happen. At the forefront of this innovative strategy is Artificial Intelligence (AI), which brings unprecedented precision and efficiency. AI in predictive maintenance is transforming industries by reducing downtime, minimizing costs, and enhancing productivity.
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfssuserfac0301
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
Let's Integrate MuleSoft RPA, COMPOSER, APM with AWS IDP along with Slackshyamraj55
Discover the seamless integration of RPA (Robotic Process Automation), COMPOSER, and APM with AWS IDP enhanced with Slack notifications. Explore how these technologies converge to streamline workflows, optimize performance, and ensure secure access, all while leveraging the power of AWS IDP and real-time communication via Slack notifications.
Ivanti’s Patch Tuesday breakdown goes beyond patching your applications and brings you the intelligence and guidance needed to prioritize where to focus your attention first. Catch early analysis on our Ivanti blog, then join industry expert Chris Goettl for the Patch Tuesday Webinar Event. There we’ll do a deep dive into each of the bulletins and give guidance on the risks associated with the newly-identified vulnerabilities.
Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024Hiroshi SHIBATA
I develop the Ruby programming language, RubyGems, and Bundler, which are package managers for Ruby. Today, I will introduce how to enhance the security of your application using open-source software (OSS) examples from Ruby and RubyGems.
The first topic is CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures). I have published CVEs many times. But what exactly is a CVE? I'll provide a basic understanding of CVEs and explain how to detect and handle vulnerabilities in OSS.
Next, let's discuss package managers. Package managers play a critical role in the OSS ecosystem. I'll explain how to manage library dependencies in your application.
I'll share insights into how the Ruby and RubyGems core team works to keep our ecosystem safe. By the end of this talk, you'll have a better understanding of how to safeguard your code.
Programming Foundation Models with DSPy - Meetup SlidesZilliz
Prompting language models is hard, while programming language models is easy. In this talk, I will discuss the state-of-the-art framework DSPy for programming foundation models with its powerful optimizers and runtime constraint system.
Programming Foundation Models with DSPy - Meetup Slides
C04021319
1. International Journal of Engineering Inventions
e-ISSN: 2278-7461, p-ISSN: 2319-6491
Volume 4, Issue 2 (August 2014) PP: 13-19
www.ijeijournal.com Page | 13
Analysis of Noise Pollution on Airport Environment
(Case study of International Airport of Sam Ratulangi Manado, Indonesia)
Daniel Sondakh1, 2
, Maryunani3
, Soemarno4
, Budi Setiawan5
1)
Doctoral Program of Environmental Studies, PPS Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
2)
Faculty of Engineering, Tomohon Indonesia Christian University, Indonesia
3)
Faculty of Economics and Business, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
4)
Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
5)
Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to measure and evaluate noise levels arising from operation of Sam
Ratulangi International Airport of Manado to the surrounding environment, then proceed to make the imp ct
restraint strategies. Environmental noise measurement method is done in accordance with the Regulation of the
Environment State Minister of the Republic of Indonesia No. 48/1996 on Noise Level Treshold. By the
measurement and the calculation of the level of noise during the night (LDAY-NIGHT) at the locations of retrieved
results: in Apron 87.4 dB (A); Koka village's 67.5 dB (A); Wusa village 73.1 dB (A); and Mapanget village 59.7
dB (A), which means all of the location occurs lending in excess of a threshold noise levels according to the
threshold of noise Standards for residential areas is 55 dB (A), and the airport of 75 dB (A). While based on the
perception of the people who live around the airport which is located in the village of Koka, Wusa and
Mapanget about noise obtained information changes on the health of the body such as insomnia (58%), hearing
loss (18%), declining environmental quality (13%) and disturbance on communication (11%), which means
there is the influence of impact noise that occurs on the physical health of people living around the airport.
Restraint and handling of the problem of noise at the airport can be arranged through Noise restraint at the
source; Noise restraint on the transmission path; and Noise restraint on humans.
Keywords: Airport Environment Noise Pollution, Level of Noise Equivalent, Noise Level Treshold, Noise
restraint at the source; Noise restraint on the transmission path; and Noise restraint on humans.
I. Introduction
The noise is an unwanted sound that may cause some psychological and physical stress to the living
and non-living objects exposed to it [17]. Noise level is a measure of the energy of sound which is expressed in
units of decibels or dB. Noise threshold is the limit maximum noise level permitted dumped into the
environment from the undertaking or activity so as not to cause disruption of human health and environmental
comfort [22].
Many airports faced noise disturbance around an airport is caused by aircraft in the air; reverse thrust
used by aircraft to slow down after landing; aircraft on the ground, including taxiing, engine testing and running
on-board electrical generators; departing aircraft that stray from the Preferred Noise Routes (PNRs); road traffic
to and from the airport [1]. In addition, operation and implementation of the airport and all its activities may
cause impact on workers, communities, and the environment around the airport [14].
Sam Ratulangi International Airport of Manado as the gates of the North Sulawesi province, from year
to year increase the number of flight traffic, which in 2013 is recorded as much as 718 international flights and
domestic flights 23,989 enter and exit through the airport (Angkasa Pura, 2014). This resulted in increased
operational noise happens and influential to the employees at the airport and also the people who live around the
airport [10].
Noise is one of the environmental health problems in large cities [4]. There are 8–12% of the world
population has suffered the impact of noise in various forms and estimated the figure will continue to rise, and
in 2001 was estimated at 120 million population is experiencing hearing loss [20]. According to the Kompas
newspaper, edition Saturday, January 23, 2010, the Indonesia Ministry of health survey conducted in
collaboration with the Faculty of medicine University of Indonesia of 20,000 people in seven provinces in
Indonesia found about 38 million people Indonesia is experiencing hearing loss. Furthermore several adverse
effects have been associated with exposure to environmental traffic noise, where among the more commonly
documented ones, sleep disturbances have been regarded as being the most serious. Both noise annoyance and
sleep disturbance have been proposed as important mediators of the impact of noise on health [8].
Generally, the legislation that regulates noise pollution, especially around airports, varies by country
and even between locations within countries. We use Indonesia legislation or regulation regarding noise
pollution control at airport as an example of some of the problems that may arise. Those are Legislation of the
2. Analysis of Noise Pollution on Airport Environment (Case study of International ….
www.ijeijournal.com Page | 14
Republic of Indonesia No.32/2009 on Protection and Management of Environment; The Government Regulation
of the Republic of Indonesia No. 40/2012 on the Airport Development and Environment Preservation; and The
Environment State Minister Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 48/1996 on Noise Level Treshold.
This research aims to measure and evaluate noise levels arising from operation of Sam Ratulangi
International Airport of Manado, then proceeded to make the impact restrain strategy.
II. Methodology
2.1. Research Object
In this study, the noise pollution is used as a research object, it will be approached through combination
of 2 (two) types of measurement are a standard measurement using Sound Level Meter (SLM) and measuring
the perception of the people who live around airports using a questionnaire.
2.2. Research Location
Site selection or measurement points is chosen based on the noise prediction of the most high. They are
Apron (50 m) from runway, residence areas located at Wusa (1800 m), Koka (1900 m) and Mapanget (2700 m)
from runway.
2.3. Data Collecting and Sampling Method
Data collection techniques used in this research is a survey, observation and documentation in order to
obtain the data and information required. Noise pollution measured data namely noise equivalent level (Leq) is
retrieved by noise level measurement at selected locations and normal event time (no activities both take off and
landing), take off event and landing event. The measurement results are collection of data samples namely Leq
event-noise.
In addition on this research using public perception in order to obtain information related to exposure
to noise pollution that had befallen him or her. The respondents were selected based on their knowledge and
experiences about noise pollution and as permanent residents living in the vicinity of the airport. Then based on
this selected 20 people from each village where the noise level measurement is carried out (the village of Wusa,
Koka and Mapanget), totally are sixty persons that gives their perception through the questionnaire.
2.4. Research Variables
Variables are used in this research as follows:
1. Noise equivalent level (Leq) of day and night which is a model of the equivalent noise level is used to
determine the level of event-noise in an area [22].
2. Public perception [9].
2.5. Research Instruments
The instruments used in this research is sound level meter with a measuring range 30–130 dB(A);
portable weather meter and questionnaires for the public perception of noise experienced or perceived.
Whereas the instruments that are used to retrieve data is structured questionnaire (closed question),
where the details of the questions developed from the research variables formed from previous studies and
amount of related Legislation dan Regulation of Republic of Indonesia.
2.6. Method of Environment Noise Measurement
Equivalent Continuous Level (Leq) is the noise level of the fluctuating noise during a specific time
interval is equivalent to the established (steady) noise levels in the same time interval, known as Leq event-
noise [22]. Its unit is dB (A). The equation for the Leq event-noise written as:
i
n
0.1L
i=1
1
Leq = 10log 10
n
(1)
Notes :
Leq = Level of equivalent noise; n = sample data number of noise measurement; Li = Noise value on
measurement time interval specified.
In order to measure the environmental noise level is done by a direct method, using the integrated
sound level meter with Leq measurement facilities [22]. Event measurement is performed every 5 seconds for
10 minutes. The Interval time is set for 1 hour. Measuring instrument mounted on one of the houses for 24 hours
non-stop so that it can be produced as many as 24 data consists of 16 data for day (06.00-22.00) and 8 data for
3. Analysis of Noise Pollution on Airport Environment (Case study of International ….
www.ijeijournal.com Page | 15
night measurement (22.00-06.00). After the data is retrieved then performed the calculation value of LD (Leq
day), LN (Leq night) and LD-N (Leq day-night). By using equation (1) that has been inserted value measurement
assumptions above, then the equation (1) becomes as follows:
3 161 2 0.1L 0.1L0.1L 0.1L
day
1
L = 10log 10 +10 +10 +.......+10
16
(2)
and
3 81 2 0.1L 0.1L0.1L 0.1L
night
1
L = 10log 10 +10 +10 +.......+10
8
(3)
Notes :
Lday = Leq value for day (16 hours): 06.00-22.00; Lnight = Leq value for night (8 hours): 22.00-06.00
L1 to L24 = Leq value every hour
Next, Leq (day-night) value can be calculated by using equation:
nightday
day-night
0.1 L 50.1L +1
L = 10log 16.10 + 8.10
24
(4)
Notes :
Lday-night = Leq value during 24 hours; Lday = Leq value along day (16 hours); Lnight = Leq value along night (8
hours); (Lnight+5) states that measurement result at night should be added 5 dB(A) as a correction
III. Results And Discussion
3.1. Data Acquisition (Sound level meter)
Based on identification of the noise carried out in the area around Sam Ratulangi International Airport
of Manado covers 4 (four) point measurement, then it can be known to the average level of noise (Leq event-
noise). See Table 1, below
Table 1. The Result of Event-Noise Level Measurement
i
Measurement
Period
Leq - dB(A)
APRON KOKA WUSA MAPANGET
1 06.00-07.00 55.1 60.4 51.8 55.9
2 07.00-08.00 77.3 58.2 48.1 57.9
3 08.00-09.00 76.5 58.3 56.9 49.8
4 09.00-10.00 61.2 57.8 54.6 52.9
5 10.00-11.00 51.7 52.9 42.8 60.8
6 11.00-12.00 49.6 48.6 51.3 56.9
7 12.00-13.00 50.9 47.1 46.9 58.3
8 13.00-14.00 60.6 46.2 46.9 55.9
9 14.00-15.00 72.6 49.8 48.5 69.0
10 15.00-16.00 79.3 54.3 55.4 55.3
11 16.00-17.00 78.7 56.4 64.7 59.1
12 17.00-18.00 73.8 56.3 61.8 49.9
13 18.00-19.00 77.9 55.0 65.9 57.4
14 19.00-20.00 78.3 55.4 44.3 49.4
15 20.00-21.00 77.0 57.7 52.0 51.7
16 21.00-22.00 77.0 57.1 66.3 53.7
17 22.00-23.00 79.8 55.0 68.1 52.7
18 23.00-24.00 85.1 55.3 67.5 52.3
19 24.00-01.00 79.2 55.7 71.6 45.2
20 01.00-02.00 84.2 52.3 64.2 40.6
21 02.00-03.00 54.4 58.9 51.4 40.9
22 03.00-04.00 69.1 55.3 47.0 40.7
23 04.00-05.00 68.2 64.6 53.9 45.7
24 05.00-06.00 72.0 64.4 55.4 46.8
4. Analysis of Noise Pollution on Airport Environment (Case study of International ….
www.ijeijournal.com Page | 16
Measurement results in Table 1 shows figures for noise level has exceeded a required threshold,
especially in Koka village, Mapanget, and Wusa. Noise level occurs at those locations are not eligible for the
housing/residence allocation, including the noise occurs on Apron caused by airport operations. Those locations
are community residence located closest to the runway so that are those areas directly received noise exposure
as well as its impact for residents. If compared to secondary data (retrieved from Airport Health Office) as Fig.
1. below, specifically describe the Apron highest noise level recorded by 84.3 dB (A) at 24.00-01.00. This figure
is still required noise threshold excessive, particularly for the area of airports, regulated to 75 – 80 dB (A).
Source: Airport Health Office (2013)
Fig 1. Noise level at Apron
Furthermore, using equation (2), (3) and (4), then the results can be obtained Leq day, Leq night, and
Leq day-night, as in table 2 below:
Table 2. Calculation of Leq day, Leq night dan Leq day-night
Measurement
Period
Leq - dB(A)
APRON KOKA WUSA MAPANGET
LDAY 75.2 56.0 59.5 59.5
LNIGHT 79.9 60.0 65.8 48.1
LDAY-NIGHT 87.4 67.5 73.1 59.7
With increasing flight frequencies, especially night flights then the night noise impact also increased,
for example in the period 21.00 – 02.00 a peak noise levels occurs at 24.00-01.00(see Table 1), as same as
shown on Table 2 by value of LNIGHT for each measurement point where the highest LNIGHT occur in both
residence locations and Apron, except Mapanget village. Likewise the morning measurement period of 06.00-
09.00 shows noise threshold excessive (Apron, Koka village and Mapanget), as same as the period of 15.00 –
19.00 measurement. Thus, generally on those measurement locations does not meet the threshold requirements
of the noise level, which is for residence areas is 55 dB (A), and the airport of 75 dB (A) [21].
3.2. Public Perception Who Live in the Vicinity of the Airport
To improve the results of the noise level measurement above, then made a measurement using
questionnaires to the communities who lived in the vicinity of the airport, the residents of Wusa, Koka and
Mapanget village. The purpose of this measurement is to obtain information of the socio-demographics of the
area around the airport as the comparison of the above normative measurement results. With the acquired socio-
demographics information, then expected in the strategy designed for tackling the noise problem can be more
communities protective from noise happened exposure. After the data is tabulated, obtained some of the
following information:
1. Resident (respondent) age are beetwen 20–30 years (22%); 30–40 years (38%); 40–50 years (23 %), and
more than 50 years (17 %).
2. Living duration at this location are beetwen 0–5 years (31%); 5–10 years (24%); 10–15 years (17 %);
15–20 years (13%) and more than 20 years (15%).
3. There are noise impacts health: sleeping disturbance (58%), hearing degradation (18%), Quality of life
degradation (13%) dan communication disturbance (11%).
4. Others information as show in Table 3 below
5. Analysis of Noise Pollution on Airport Environment (Case study of International ….
www.ijeijournal.com Page | 17
Table 3. Public Perception of Noise Pollution
No Question Know Does Not Know
1 Knowing well about noise pollution 77% 23%
2 Noise impacts to the human health 87% 13%
3 Noise impacts to the human mental health 27% 73%
4 Knowledge of the noise protection device (ear muff) 61% 39%
5 The importance of using noise protection device (ear muff) 48% 52%
6 Reducing noise was close ears by hands 98% 2%
From Table 3 above, the community understands the noise pollution and its effects on health
(physiological and psychological). It's just to do a protection on hearing a few still use ear protective equipment,
but most just cover their ears with their hands when the planes pass by. Thus, generally, it can be concluded the
happened noise has given impact on the sleeping disturbance, the baby is crying because of the shock and fear,
degradation in hearing, Emotional instability and hypertension. When these findings confirmed to the PT
Angkasa Pura as an Airport operator obtained information that what made the management of Angkasa Pura in
dealing with various issues of this pollution is in compliance with the regulations in force, all of which have
been published in the Periodic Report and Environmental Monitoring Plan of Sam Ratulangi Airport. It
recognized the existence of excess of threshold on this noise problem. It's just that until now there has not been
any complaints from the public relating to the question of the noise so that the management of PT. Angkasa
Pura also considers there is no serious problem about this.
The literature on physiological effects of exposure to aircraft noise suggests there are several
kinds of reflex responses that cause a stress reaction, such as emotional stress [17]. Noise can also interfere
with communication in conversation and furthermore will interfere with the productivity and safety [9].
Physiological effects of noise can lead to decreased hearing ability and pain at a very high level [6], if exposed
to noise more than 85 dB (A) at the airport are at risk of increased systolic blood pressure of 2.5 times and a
diastolic of 2.1 times [10] and for those who are exposed to noise with an intensity of more than 85 dB (A) at
the cement factory resulted an increasing of blood pressure (systolic 10.5 times and diastolic 7.6 times) [4].
Management of Angkasa Pura Airport's has made efforts to minimize the impact by planting trees
along a fence bordering houses as residents. However the trees there are currently not enough effective in noise
muffle, because those trees planted above ground flat (Figure 2) and interstellar density levels of the tree are
also still quite porous so that there are wide enough fissures. The planting configuration like this not to absorb
the noise.
Widefissures
Fig 2. Noise muffle plants.
3.3. Noise Restraint Strategy
In order to control noise at the airport more effectively it is necessary to make the strategy of handling
the problems of noise pollution as an action plans periodic (annual). Thus the noise impact problems handling
can be done all year round and is integrated with the management functions of the other, as follows:
• Identify the Airport noise problems
• Determine the level of noise that can be accepted by employees and residents around the airport
• Determine noise source.
• Make predictions based on current conditions, so that action plans can be made early to be used as guidelines
for the handling of the noise problem. That in this case there is planning that is anticipatory, so it's not purely
reactive only.
• Steps to make improvements and adjustments to the operational conditions through these approach: Techno-
engineering, Bio-engineering dan Socio-engineering.
• To do evaluation dan monitoring periodically
6. Analysis of Noise Pollution on Airport Environment (Case study of International ….
www.ijeijournal.com Page | 18
At the operational level, noise control can be performed through reduction and control of noise levels
which comprises 3 aspects, namely:
1. Restraint at source, consist of:
a) Protection at equipments, structure and workers from noise impacts.
b) Nois level Restrictions may be emitted from the source.
Noise reduction at the source usually require modification or reduce of vibration causes as the noise source
and equipment components reduction. Noise control at the source is relatively more efficient and practical
as compared to control at the transmission path and the receiver. This can be performed routine
maintenance on equipment such as hold speakers, Tow Bar and other ground handling equipment
2. Control of the transmission path. This is performed in between the source and the noise receiver. The
principle is weakening the intensity of noise that transmitted from the source to the receiver by means of
creating obstacles. There are two ways of controlling the noise in the transmission path in the outdoor and
indoor noise control. For example, a certain type of tree planting (like pine) on top of embankment soil as
high as ± 10 m parallel to the runway, thus giving a more significant influence in absorbing noise [13]. See
Figure 3. below
7-10 m
8-12 m
10 m
Road-Min 15 mRunway
Fig. 3 Noise Mitigation Embankment (cross section)
Tree planting can be used for comparison of embankment width and height is 1: 4 slope on both sides is 1:
2 with a distance of planting enough dense [12]. This way need to be followed by others that rearranged
landscape, land use planning and the use of the building noise reducer. As for building noise silencers with
dimensions height minimum of 2.75 m, and a wall thickness of at least 10 cm [27]. Other methods are quite
effective in order to reduce the impact of this is making land use planning-empty land around the airport
[11].
3. Noise Control in humans. This control is done to reduce the noise level received per day. This control is
primarily aimed at people who every day receive noise, such as aircraft operator and others who receive
noise. In the human ravages of noise received by hearing (inner ear) so his methods make use of the tools
can reduce the level of noise entering the ear. This is done on a shift system for the enforcement of the
operators of ground handling, maximum 5 (five) hours per day, including the necessity to use ear muff for
workers in an Apron. As for the people who live around airports need mounting silencers designed
programs in houses of residents with the help of funds from party PT. Angkasa Pura as the operators of Sam
Ratulangi Airport in Manado, which it is also a form of CSR Angkasa Pura in harmonize surroundings.
IV. CONCLUSION
By the measurement and the calculation of the level of noise during the day and night (LDAY-NIGHT)
obtained resultas: Apron 87.4 dB(A); Koka village 67.5 dB(A); Wusa village 73.1 dB(A); and Mapanget village
59.7 dB(A), This means all the location happened excessive threshold, where for Residence area 55 dB(A), and
Airport 75 dB(A).
Based on public perception who live around Airport, especially Koka, Wusa dan Mapanget village
about noise, obtained information sleeping disturbance (58%), hearing degradation (18%), Quality of life
degradation (13%) dan communication disturbance (11%).
Restraint and handling of the problem of noise at the airport can be arranged through Noise restraint at
the source; Noise restraint on the transmission path; and Noise restraint on humans.
Recommendation for management of International Sam Ratulangi Airport of Manado can plant type of
tree planting (like pine) on top of embankment soil as high as ± 10 m parallel to the runway, thus giving a more
significant influence in absorbing noise.