The document contains 4 sets of questions for a Computer Graphics exam. Each set contains 8 questions related to topics in computer graphics like raster vs vector systems, transformations, line algorithms, surface detection, and animation. Students must answer 5 questions out of the 8 provided in each set. The questions test understanding of fundamental graphics concepts and algorithms through explanations, derivations, examples, and problem solving.

1. Code No: V3125/R07 Set No. 1
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, May 2010
COMPUTER GRAPHICS
( Common to Computer Science & Engineering, Information Technology
and Electronics & Computer Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1. Explain the construction of the following devices with suitable sketches and their
operating characterstics
(a) Raster- refresh devices
(b) Vector- refresh devices. [8+8]
2. (a) Write an algorithm for generating the intermediate points using Bresenham?s
algorithm when two-end points are given as input.
(b) Write an algorithm for polyline function which calls the above algorithm, given
any number (n) of input points. A single point to be plotted when n=1. [8+8]
3. (a) Describe the transformation that rotates an object point Q(x,y), θ0 about a
fixed center of rotation p(h,k).
(b) Magnify the triangle with vertices A(0,0), B(1,1) and C(5,2) to twice its size,
while keeping C(5,2) fixed. [8+8]
4. (a) Illustrate with suitable examples how the three Categories of lines are processed
using Cohen-Sutherland line clipping algorithm.
(b) What is the significance of dot products in decision making is Cyrun-Beck
algorithm? [8+8]
5. If the equation for a plane surface is expressed in the form Ax+By+Cz+D=0.
Explain the procedure to calculate the parameters A, B, C and D using Cramer’s
rule if the three successive polygon vertices are given as input. [16]
6. Explain how the shearing of an object with respect to the three coordinate axes are
implemented. What are the corresponding input values for the shearing parameters.
[16]
7. (a) Illustrate the procedure for implementing area-sub division method.
(b) Explain how the BSP-tree method is implemented for visible surface detection.
[8+8]
8. List the general-purpose animation languages. Explain the characteristics any are
language. [16]
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2. Code No: V3125/R07 Set No. 2
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, May 2010
COMPUTER GRAPHICS
( Common to Computer Science & Engineering, Information Technology
and Electronics & Computer Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1. (a) List and explain the applications of Computer Graphics.
(b) With a neat cross- sectional view explain the functioning of CRT devices.
[8+8]
2. (a) Write an algorithm for generating the intermediate points using Bresenham?s
algorithm when two-end points are given as input.
(b) Write an algorithm for polyline function which calls the above algorithm, given
any number (n) of input points. A single point to be plotted when n=1. [8+8]
3. (a) Describe the transformation which reflects an object about an arbitrary line
L.
(b) What is the relationship among rotation (Rθ ) , inverse rotation (R−θ ) and
1
coordinate rotation (Rθ ). [8+8]
4. (a) What are the basic transformation techniques used in Window-to-Viewport
transformation? Derive the viewing transformation matrix.
(b) What is the significance of 4-bit region code is Cohen-Sutherland algorithm?
[8+8]
5. (a) Define the B-spline geometry vector GBS and B-spline basis matrix MBS .
(b) Compute the B-spline blending functions. [8+8]
6. Find the matrix for mirror reflection with respect to the plane passing through the
origin and having a normal vector whose direction is N = I + J + K. [16]
7. (a) Illustrate the procedure for implementing area-sub division method.
(b) Explain how the BSP-tree method is implemented for visible surface detection.
[8+8]
8. Explain the procedure to simulate the linear, two-dimensional motion of a filled
circle inside a given rectangular area. The circle is to be given an initial velocity
and the circle is to rebound from the walls with the angle of reflection equal to the
angle of incidence. [16]
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3. Code No: V3125/R07 Set No. 3
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, May 2010
COMPUTER GRAPHICS
( Common to Computer Science & Engineering, Information Technology
and Electronics & Computer Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1. (a) Distinguish the operating charactersitcs of raster refresh systems and vector
refresh systems.
(b) Explain the functioning of LCDs. What are its advantages? [8+8]
2. (a) Write on algorithm for scan-converting a line using mid-point algorithm.
(b) Modify the mid-point algorithm for scan-converting lines to write pixels with
varying intensities as a function of line slope. [8+8]
3. (a) What is the general form of the matrix for rotation about a point P(h,k).
(b) Perform a 450 rotation of a triangle A(0,0), B(1,1) and C(5,2) about the origin.
[8+8]
4. (a) Illustrate with suitable examples how the three Categories of lines are processed
using Cohen-Sutherland line clipping algorithm.
(b) What is the significance of dot products in decision making is Cyrun-Beck
algorithm? [8+8]
5. Explain the procedure to design two-dimensional cubic-Bezier curve shapes that
have second order piece-wise continuity. [16]
6. Consider a line from the origin of a right-handed coordinate system to the point P(x,
y, z). Find the transformation matrix needed to rotate the line in to the positive
z-axis. Follow the below mentioned sequence to achieve the desired transformation
matrix:
(a) Rotate about the x-axis into the (x, y) plane,
(b) Then rotate about the y-axis into the z-axis. [16]
7. (a) Explain the possible relationships between polygon surfaces while implement-
ing area-subdivision method. How to handle these cases.
(b) Illustrate with an example a scence consisting of three or more planes and
explain how the BSP tree is constructed to represent the scene. [8+8]
8. (a) List and explain about the steps of animation.
(b) What are the various types of interpolation used in animation. [8+8]
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4. Code No: V3125/R07 Set No. 4
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, May 2010
COMPUTER GRAPHICS
( Common to Computer Science & Engineering, Information Technology
and Electronics & Computer Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1. List the operating characterstics of
(a) Raster refresh systems
(b) Vector refresh systems
(c) Plasma panel
(d) LCDs. [4×4=16]
2. (a) Show graphically that an ellipse has four-way symmetry by plotting four points
on the ellipse:
x = a cos θ + h, y = b sin θ + k where a =2, b=1, h=0 and k=0.
(b) When 8-way symmetry of circle is used to obtain a full circle from pixel coor-
dinates generated from first octant, does overstrike occur? Where? [8+8]
3. (a) Prove that a uniform scaling (sx = sy ) and a rotation form a commutative pair
of operations, but that, in general, scaling and rotation are not commutative.
(b) Derive the transformation matrix for rotation about origin. [8+8]
4. (a) Explain how to determine whether a polygon vertex is inside or outside the
window edge. What is the significance of this routine in determining whether
a polygon edge intersects the window edge.
(b) Justify that the Sutherland - Hodgeman algorithm is not suitable for clipping
when the clipping polygon is a concave window. [8+8]
5. (a) Classify the reflections. What are the characteristics of each? Illustrate with
suitable figures.
(b) Describe the Phong illumination model. Explain the parameters used in
phong’s model. [8+8]
6. Explain how the shearing of an object with respect to the three coordinate axes are
implemented. What are the corresponding input values for the shearing parameters.
[16]
7. (a) If the camera viewing direction is V and the surface normal of plane is N, how
to determine whether the surface visible with respect to viewing direction or
not.
(b) Explain the depth-buffer method for elimination of hidden surfaces. [16]
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5. Code No: V3125/R07 Set No. 4
8. What are the steps in design of animation sequence? Describe about each step
briefly. [16]
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