This business plan proposes establishing a fly ash brick manufacturing plant. Fly ash is a byproduct of coal combustion in thermal power plants and currently causes environmental issues. The plan's promoters have MBA and engineering backgrounds. The plant will be located in Raichur district, Karnataka near a thermal power plant and water source. It will employ local villagers and have an annual production capacity of 24 million bricks. The total project cost is approximately 30 lakh rupees to be financed through a bank loan. The plant is expected to be profitable with annual revenues of over 81 lakh rupees and profits of over 10 lakh rupees after covering costs of raw materials, wages, utilities, and depreciation.
Flash Industries is basically an environment friendly start up wherein we will be introducing the business of manufacturing Fly Ash Bricks with a view point of eliminating Fly Ash from the ecosystem as an environmental pollutant, which will provide huge benefits to organizations as well as to the environment.
Fly ash bricks used to construct masonic structures, buildings, bridges,etc. Help to understand difference between red bricks and fly ash bricks. SWOT analysis of fly ash bricks. pricing methods. Payment terms. applications.
Its all about the new environment friendly bricks that are now in more demand as compared to clay bricks. So how its useful and what it contains is explained here.
Flash Industries is basically an environment friendly start up wherein we will be introducing the business of manufacturing Fly Ash Bricks with a view point of eliminating Fly Ash from the ecosystem as an environmental pollutant, which will provide huge benefits to organizations as well as to the environment.
Fly ash bricks used to construct masonic structures, buildings, bridges,etc. Help to understand difference between red bricks and fly ash bricks. SWOT analysis of fly ash bricks. pricing methods. Payment terms. applications.
Its all about the new environment friendly bricks that are now in more demand as compared to clay bricks. So how its useful and what it contains is explained here.
Fly Ash bricks are made of fly ash, lime, gypsum and sand. These can be extensively used in all building constructional activities similar to that of common burnt clay bricks.The fly ash bricks are comparatively lighter in weight and stronger than common clay bricks.
basic knowledge about performance and characteristics of fly ash based concrete. this was my first presentation....so hard core civil engineers might consider me a layman!... anyway its a good way to start knowing gist and basics.
bricks made from recycled plastic
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Utilization of Waste Paper Sludge in Construction IndustrySandeep Jain
This technical note is recapitulation of the work carried out by researchers round the globe on characterization of waste paper sludge based on physical, chemical and mineralogical properties, activation mechanisms, pozzolanic reactivity, reaction kinematics and durability; for its possible utilization in construction industry as supplementary cementitious material, mineral admixture, partial replacement of binders in concrete, raw material for clay brick manufacturing, production of ceramics, soil stabilization in road works, reduction in carbon-dioxide emission etc., in order to en-cash various socio-economic and environmental benefits.
This slideset was prepared as a student group assignment, for a class on-Introduction to Construction Materials. The facts shown and data used are most relevant to the Indian Context. Prepared by- K. Hari Chandana, Sukirti Sah, Tanya Talwar, Rana Sarkar, Akriti Srivastava, Jitendriya Meher, Anshuman Abhisek Mishra : 1st Sem B. Arch, School of Planning & Architecture, Bhopal, MP, India
Fly Ash bricks are made of fly ash, lime, gypsum and sand. These can be extensively used in all building constructional activities similar to that of common burnt clay bricks.The fly ash bricks are comparatively lighter in weight and stronger than common clay bricks.
basic knowledge about performance and characteristics of fly ash based concrete. this was my first presentation....so hard core civil engineers might consider me a layman!... anyway its a good way to start knowing gist and basics.
bricks made from recycled plastic
recycle plastic bottles into bricks
plastic brick edging
plastic bricks for walls
plastic bricks for construction
american plastic bricks toy
plastic brick wall covering
american plastic bricks by elgo
Utilization of Waste Paper Sludge in Construction IndustrySandeep Jain
This technical note is recapitulation of the work carried out by researchers round the globe on characterization of waste paper sludge based on physical, chemical and mineralogical properties, activation mechanisms, pozzolanic reactivity, reaction kinematics and durability; for its possible utilization in construction industry as supplementary cementitious material, mineral admixture, partial replacement of binders in concrete, raw material for clay brick manufacturing, production of ceramics, soil stabilization in road works, reduction in carbon-dioxide emission etc., in order to en-cash various socio-economic and environmental benefits.
This slideset was prepared as a student group assignment, for a class on-Introduction to Construction Materials. The facts shown and data used are most relevant to the Indian Context. Prepared by- K. Hari Chandana, Sukirti Sah, Tanya Talwar, Rana Sarkar, Akriti Srivastava, Jitendriya Meher, Anshuman Abhisek Mishra : 1st Sem B. Arch, School of Planning & Architecture, Bhopal, MP, India
High volume fly ash concrete is a concrete where a replacement of about 35% or more of cement is made with the usage of fly ash.
Fly ash concrete is an eco-friendly construction material in which fly ash replaces a part of Portland cement.
High-Volume Fly Ash Concrete: According to some researchers, more than 30% fly ash by mass (equivalent as 50% by volume) of the cementitious material may be considered enough to classify the mixtures as High-Volume Fly Ash (HVFA) concrete. It is possible to produce sustainable, high performance concrete mixtures with 50% or more cement replacement by fly ash.
Development of unfired bricks using industrial waste Sandeep Jain
A research project aimed at production of an unfired, non-structural, binder brick with 100% waste material, using fly ash, pond ash, coal cinder, & paper sludge along with lime and gypsum system to alleviate resources like coal, diesel, preservation of top soil, prevention of harmful emissions simultaneously managing the industrial waste.
Project Guide: Dr Shashank Bishnoi, Civil Engineering Department, IIT Delhi
Venkateshwara Power Projects Pvt Ltd (a part of Mahadik Group) is established
in 2019 to set up a greenfield distillery in Bedikhal in Chikodi Taluk in Belgaum
district of Karnataka. The project involves setting up of a 90 klpd molasses-based
distillery. The project cost is estimated at Rs. 1073.0 million. The main objective
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Implicitly or explicitly all competing businesses employ a strategy to select a mix
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Enterprise Excellence is Inclusive Excellence.pdfKaiNexus
Enterprise excellence and inclusive excellence are closely linked, and real-world challenges have shown that both are essential to the success of any organization. To achieve enterprise excellence, organizations must focus on improving their operations and processes while creating an inclusive environment that engages everyone. In this interactive session, the facilitator will highlight commonly established business practices and how they limit our ability to engage everyone every day. More importantly, though, participants will likely gain increased awareness of what we can do differently to maximize enterprise excellence through deliberate inclusion.
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Who might benefit? Anyone and everyone leading folks from the shop floor to top floor.
Dr. William Harvey is a seasoned Operations Leader with extensive experience in chemical processing, manufacturing, and operations management. At Michelman, he currently oversees multiple sites, leading teams in strategic planning and coaching/practicing continuous improvement. William is set to start his eighth year of teaching at the University of Cincinnati where he teaches marketing, finance, and management. William holds various certifications in change management, quality, leadership, operational excellence, team building, and DiSC, among others.
3.0 Project 2_ Developing My Brand Identity Kit.pptxtanyjahb
A personal brand exploration presentation summarizes an individual's unique qualities and goals, covering strengths, values, passions, and target audience. It helps individuals understand what makes them stand out, their desired image, and how they aim to achieve it.
Business Valuation Principles for EntrepreneursBen Wann
This insightful presentation is designed to equip entrepreneurs with the essential knowledge and tools needed to accurately value their businesses. Understanding business valuation is crucial for making informed decisions, whether you're seeking investment, planning to sell, or simply want to gauge your company's worth.
The world of search engine optimization (SEO) is buzzing with discussions after Google confirmed that around 2,500 leaked internal documents related to its Search feature are indeed authentic. The revelation has sparked significant concerns within the SEO community. The leaked documents were initially reported by SEO experts Rand Fishkin and Mike King, igniting widespread analysis and discourse. For More Info:- https://news.arihantwebtech.com/search-disrupted-googles-leaked-documents-rock-the-seo-world/
What is the TDS Return Filing Due Date for FY 2024-25.pdfseoforlegalpillers
It is crucial for the taxpayers to understand about the TDS Return Filing Due Date, so that they can fulfill your TDS obligations efficiently. Taxpayers can avoid penalties by sticking to the deadlines and by accurate filing of TDS. Timely filing of TDS will make sure about the availability of tax credits. You can also seek the professional guidance of experts like Legal Pillers for timely filing of the TDS Return.
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Marvin neemt je in deze presentatie mee in de voordelen van non-endemic advertising op retail media netwerken. Hij brengt ook de uitdagingen in beeld die de markt op dit moment heeft op het gebied van retail media voor niet-leveranciers.
Retail media wordt gezien als het nieuwe advertising-medium en ook mediabureaus richten massaal retail media-afdelingen op. Merken die niet in de betreffende winkel liggen staan ook nog niet in de rij om op de retail media netwerken te adverteren. Marvin belicht de uitdagingen die er zijn om echt aansluiting te vinden op die markt van non-endemic advertising.
Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.pptseri bangash
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A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
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Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
https://seribangash.com/article-of-association-is-legal-doc-of-company/
Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
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Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
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Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
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Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
While the MOA lays down the company's fundamental principles, it is not entirely immutable. It can be amended, but only under specific circumstances and in compliance with legal procedures. Amendments typically require shareholder
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3. INTRODUCTION
We are introducing the business of manufacturing Fly Ash Bricks
with a view point of eliminating Fly Ash as an Environment
Pollutant which provides the huge benefit to organization as well
as to environment.
What is fly ash brick?
It is a building material, specifically masonry units,
containing class C fly ash and water.
Compressed at 28 MPa (272 atm) and cured for 24 hours in a66
°C steam bath, then toughened with an air entrainment agent,
the bricks last for more than 100 freeze-thaw cycles
Owing to the high concentration of calcium oxide in class C fly
ash, the brick is described as "self-cementing“
4. INTRODUCTION
The raw materials for fly ash brick are:
Material Mass
Fly ash 62%
Sand/stone dust 23%
Lime 10%
Gypsum 6%
The manufacturing method saves energy, reduces mercury
pollution, and costs 20% less than traditional clay brick
manufacturing
5. MISSION & VISION:
“ To provide and promote business and services
that strengthen the brick manufacturing sector for
the ultimate benefit of its customers and society
To be in the forefront of creating awareness
about environment, & to be the largest player in
the field of fly-ash brick production.
6. LOCATION OF THE PLANT
For setting up a fly ash brick industry these factors
should be adhered:-
land requirement - at least 1.5 acre of land is
required to set up a plant
factory location – fly ash generally is found near
thermal power plant. Thus setting up a industry
within 60 -70 km radius nearby a thermal power
plant is an advantage.
Availability of water – ample amount of water is
required for running these industry
Environmental issues – setting up a factory nearby
an residential township or any other
manufacturing industry is prohibited , as it
generates huge dust and smoke and pollutes the
air.
7. Thus keeping in mind all these factors , we did a lot of
research and mapping intensively throughout India for a
suitable location.
At last we are setting our plant in the state of Karnataka , in
Raichur district.
About the location.
The plant is going to be set up at around 1.3acre of land
within Malkapur village , which comes under raichur district.
These village is an abundant space of vast land with very
few inhabitants.
Best thing is that it is just 14kms away from the Tungabhadra
river
Big advantage of these location is that it is just 59.9 kms
away from the raichur thermal power plant.
So by far these is the most relevant place for setting up a fly
ash plant as these location meets all the essential criteria's.
10. The bricks which currently most us aware is made up
of the soil of specific quality, but due to which earth
erosion takes place and we waste natural resources.
This job is too laborious and involves cost. Natural
seasons affect the quality and cost.
This bricks creates environmental pollution.
Helps to reduce the pollution Demand consumption
and increasing cost -We come up with FLY ASH
BRICKS
The main raw material is fly ash which is available in
abundant quantity and free of cost at the thermal
power station.
Disposal of fly ash is headache , It is highly polluting
material.
OVERVIEW
11. Nearly 73% of India’s total installed power generation
capacity is thermal, of which coal-based generation
is 90% – the remaining comprising diesel, wind, gas,
and steam.
The 85 utility thermal power stations, besides the
several captive power plants, use bituminous and
sub-bituminous coal and produce large quantities of
fly ash.
High ash content (30%–50%) contributes to these large
volumes of fly ash.
SCOPE OF PROJECT
12. PROBLEMS OF FLY ASH
It is a very difficult material to handle in dry state
because it is very fine and readily airborne even in
mild wind.
It disturbs the ecology of the region, being a source
of soil air and water pollution.
Long inhalation of fly ash causes silicosis, fibrosis of
lungs, bronchitis, pneumonitis etc.
Flying fine particles of ash create great nuisance for
people living near power stations, corrode structural
surfaces, and affect horticulture.
Eventual settlement of fly ash particles over many
hectares of land in the vicinity of power station brings
about perceptible degeneration in soil
characteristics.
13. NEED FOR UTILIZING /
DISPOSING FLY ASH
With the rapid rise in thermal generation,
environmental pollution as a result of massive fly
ash generation, poses a new problem.
Fly ash is reported to cause ailments like allergic
bronchitis, silicosis, and asthma.
Fly ash contaminates surface water and may also
have an effect on underground water, affects the
aquatic life, is harmful for plants, and corrodes
exposed metallic structures in its vicinity.
14. CURRENT FLYASH DISPOSAL
PRACTICES AND EFFECTS
At thermal power plants, fly ash is currently
collected / disposed off by using wet or dry
systems.
In cases, where fly ash collection systems are not
very efficient, a portion of it escapes into the
atmosphere causing environmental pollution.
In the wet system, fly ash is mixed with water and
sluiced to settling ponds or dumping areas near
the plant.
Being cheaper than any other manner of fly ash
removal, it is the widely used method at present in
India
15. FLY ASH BLOCKS FEATURES:
Size of blocks is 290x185x125mm
Faster construction
Less mortar consumption
Most suitable for boundary walls
Decorative, like stone masonry
Ash content 26%
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
16. Ash can be collected in following categories:
DRY FLY ASH:
Dry ash is collected from different rows of electrostatic
precipitators
It is available in two different grades of fineness in silos for use as
resource material by different users
BOTTOM ASH:
Bottom ash is collected from the bottom of the boiler and
transported to hydro bins and then ash mound for use in road
embankment.
CONDITIONED FLY ASH:
Conditioned fly ash is also available in ash mound for use in land
fills and ash building products.
ASH COLLECTION
17. OPERATION & HR PLAN
Plant Parameters
Capacity, Brick Per Year 24,00,000
Total value 78,00,000
Bricks Per Day 30,000
No. of Shifts Per Day 2
Working Days Per Year 300
Motive Power required 35 HP
Land Area 1 Acer
18. Financial Aspects
Fixed Capital
A) Land & Building
S.No Description Amount Rs
1. Building (60*40 = 2400 Sq.
Land 5,00,000
feet )
3,00,000
2. Over Head water Tank 50,000
Building (60*40 = 2400 Sq.
feet )
3,00,000
Total 3,50,000
3. Over Head water Tank 50,000
Total 8,50,000
19. Financial Aspects
B) Machinery & Equipment
S.N
o
Description QTY Rate Amount
1. Automatic Fly ash Brick making
machine hydraulic operated with all
accessories and fitting with 18HP
Motor
1 12,00,000 12,00,000
2. Pan Mixture 500 KG Capacity with 7.5
HP Motor
1 2,50,000 2,50,000
3. Belt Conveyor with necessary fittings
and 2 HP Motor
1 50,000 50,000
Total 15,00,000
VAT 4% 60,000
Grant total 15,60,000
Erecting and Electrification Charges 22,000
5. Office Furniture 20,000
Total 16,02,000
20. Financial Aspects:
Recurring Expenditure PM
A) Raw Materials Per Month:
S.N
o
Description QTY Rate Amount
1. Fly Ash 420
Mt
250 1,22,500
2. Gypsum Lime 70 1,900 1,33,500
3. Lime 105 1300 1,36,500
4. Sand 35 800 28,000
Total 4,20,000
21. Financial Aspects: Recurring
Expenditure PM
B) Salaries & wages Per Month
S.N
o
Description QTY Salary Amount
1. Production Manager 1 ------ Self
2. Unskilled Manager 22 3,950 86,900
3. Office Assistant 1 4100 4100
4. WatchMan 2 3,500 7000
Total 25 98,000
22. Financial Aspects: Recurring
Expenditure PM
C) Utilities Per Month
S.No Description Amount
1. Power 35 HP 3916 units @2 Rs 5. Per Unit 19,583
2. Water 1000
Total 20,583
23. Financial Aspects:
Recurring Expenditure PM
D) Other Expenses Per Month
S.No Description Amount
1. Postage & Stationary 1000
2. Repairs and Maintenance 3000
3. Traveling and Transportation 2000
4. Insurance 1000
5. Telephone 3000
Total 10000
24. Financial Aspects: Recurring
Expenditure PM
Total Recurring Expenditure Per Month
S.No Description Amount
1. Raw Material Per Month 4,20,000
2. Salaries & wages Per Month 98000
3. Utilities Per Month 20,583
4. Other expenses Per Month 10,000
Grand Total 5,48,583
25. WORKING CAPITAL
WORKING CAPITAL ASSESMENT
S.No Description Amount
1. Raw Material
( Req For one week ) 1,17,600
2. Work in progress
( Req For one month ) 1,09,583
3. Finished Goods
( Req For 5 Days ) 1,05,917
4. Bills Receivable
( Req For 2 weeks ) 2,06,900
Total 5,40,000
26. FINANCIAL ASPECTS:
TOTAL PROJECT COST
S.No Description Rate
1. Land 5,00,000
2. Building 3,50,000
3. Plant Machinery 16,02,000
Total
Total Project Cost
Means Of Finance
5,00,000
3,50,000
4. Working Capital 5,40,000
Total 29,92,000
TOTAL PROJECT COST 29,92,000
PROMOTERS CONTRIBUTION 5% 1,49,600
Finanace Required From the Bank 28,42,400
Note * Subsidy applicable under the PMEGP @ 25% 7,48,000
27. Cost Of production
Per Annum
S.No Description Rate
1. Total recurring cost 5,48,583*12
65,82,996
2. Interest on total investment @12.5% 29,92,000*12.5%
3,74,000
3. Total Depreciation on Building @5% 3,00,000*5%
15,000
4. Total Depreciation on Machinery
equipments @ 10%
15,00,000*10%
1,50,000
5. Total Depreciation on Office &
furniture @ 20%
20,000*20%
4000
Total 71,25,996
28. Revenue
Generated
TURN OVER PER ANNUM
Excepted sale 24 lakh bricks @ 3.40 per bricks 81,60,000
PROFIT PER ANNUM
Turn Over – Cost Of Production
81,60,000 – 71,25,996
Rs 10,34,004
29. BEP Analysis
1. Fixed Cost Per Annum
S.No Description Rate
a. Total Depreciation 1,69,000
b. Interest On Investment 3,74,000
c. Insurance
d. 40% Of on salary & Wages 4,70,400
e. 40% Of on other expenses &
Utilities excluding Insurance
1,41,998
Total 11,59,398
2. Profit Per Annum = 10,34,004
BEP = 11,59,398*100
21,93,402
= 52.85 %
30. SWOT ANALYSIS
STRENGTHS
Cost advantage
Unlike metals or organic materials fly ash can
withstand the onslaught of natural forces
Fly ash brick industry is an labour intensive industry. It
has the potential for generating employment .
WEAKNESS
Cost of fly ash are increasing day by day ,which
leads to increase in cost of production.
Fly ash industry is an highly messy job with an
immense dusty working environment.
Due to lack of modern technology and machinaries
to check pollution , fly ash industry does not posses
that eagerness in common man eyes
31. OPPURTUNITIES
SWOT ANALYSIS
Fly ash industries has now replaced brick in
infra-structure development
Fly ash is an good raw material for bricks. Thus
it can substitute brick during construction
period
THREATS
No.of labourers willing to work in fly ash
factories are decreasing day by day due to
health concerns
Availability of fly ash is scarce
Fly ash generates huge amount of pollution.