Khoury CK, Greene SL, Moreau T, Krishnan S, Miller A (2019) “Building a Road Map for North American Crop Wild Relatives” Crop Wild Relatives: Developing a Roadmap to Shared Destinations Session, Celebrating Crop Diversity: Connecting Agriculture, Public Gardens, and Science, 2-4 April 2019, Des Moines, USA.
Conservation and Use of the North American Plant Cornucopia: The Way ForwardCWRofUS
Khoury CK, Greene SL, Williams KA, Kantar M, and Marek L (2018) “Conservation and Use of the North American Plant Cornucopia: The Way Forward”. Symposium - Crop Wild Relatives and Genetic Resources for Interesting Traits, American Society of Agronomy and Crop Science Society of America Annual Meetings, 4-7 November 2018, Baltimore, USA
Crop Wild Relatives of North America: The Way Forward for Conservation and UseCWRofUS
Khoury CK (2019) “Crop Wild Relatives of North America: The Way Forward for Conservation and Use” Crop Wild Relatives of the Desert Borderlands: A Celebration of Diversity and a Call to Action, 13-15 January 2019, Tucson, AZ, USA.
CWR US Presentation ASA/CSSA/SSSA Tampa 2013 CWRofUS
Presentation of gap analysis results for Priority 1A CWR in the United States, given at the annual international ASA/CSSA/SSSA meeting, November 3-6, Tampa, Florida
Conservation and Use of the North American Plant Cornucopia: The Way ForwardCWRofUS
Khoury CK, Greene SL, Williams KA, Kantar M, and Marek L (2018) “Conservation and Use of the North American Plant Cornucopia: The Way Forward”. Symposium - Crop Wild Relatives and Genetic Resources for Interesting Traits, American Society of Agronomy and Crop Science Society of America Annual Meetings, 4-7 November 2018, Baltimore, USA
Crop Wild Relatives of North America: The Way Forward for Conservation and UseCWRofUS
Khoury CK (2019) “Crop Wild Relatives of North America: The Way Forward for Conservation and Use” Crop Wild Relatives of the Desert Borderlands: A Celebration of Diversity and a Call to Action, 13-15 January 2019, Tucson, AZ, USA.
CWR US Presentation ASA/CSSA/SSSA Tampa 2013 CWRofUS
Presentation of gap analysis results for Priority 1A CWR in the United States, given at the annual international ASA/CSSA/SSSA meeting, November 3-6, Tampa, Florida
Save the planet.
Let us all protect our mother nature.
Let us raise our voice and claim her rights.
-Animals have soul too.They need protection from us.So let us make a choice.
We can't live without animals.They can live without us.
Proceedings of the 2014 Summit on Seeds & Breeds for 21st Century AgricultureRAFI-USA
To address both the growing crisis in seed biodiversity and our global capacity to develop diverse seed and breed varieties, RAFI and the Coalition for Seeds and Breeds for 21st Century Agriculture organized the 2014 Summit on Seeds and Breeds for 21st Century Agriculture.
The event, which was held in Washington, DC in March of 2014 brought together plant breeders, experts on the seed industry, farmers, activists and academics representing ten universities, twelve civil society organizations and four seed collections to discuss the state of our global seed supply and develop recommendations for reinvigorating public breeding research and increasing seed availability in the country.
The Proceedings of the 2014 Summit on Seeds & Breeds for 21st Century Agriculture provide a compilation of the summit keynote papers, response papers, presentations and findings, as well as a summary of recommendations collaboratively developed by summit participants during discussion.
The publication includes the summit keynote papers authored by well-known plant breeders and researchers in the plant breeding field including:
• William Tracy, a sweet corn breeder with the University of Wisconsin;
• Major Goodman, a corn breeder and professor of crop science at North Carolina State University;
• Tommy Carter, a research geneticist and professor of crop science at North Carolina State University;
• David Ellis, the head of the Genebank Unit at the International Potato Center in Peru;
• Kathy Jo Wetter, Research Director of ETC Group’s Action Group on Erosion, Technology & Concentration;
• Michael Mazourek, a vegetable breeder and professor of plant breeding at Cornell University; and
• Charles Brummer, Senior V.P. Director of Forage Improvement at the Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation.
Learn more: http://rafiusa.org/publications/seeds/
Growers can’t count on the markets or the weather—except to change. Staying in
business over time means effectively managing the risks growers can control
while minimizing the impact of those they can’t.
Conservation planning for crop wild relatives brings agricultural organizatio...CWRofUS
Our native crop wild relatives have proved useful as genetic resources in breeding better food, forage and feed, industrial, and ornamental crops. Their utilization is expected only to increase with better information on the species and improving breeding tools, but may well be constrained by their limited representation in conservation systems and the ongoing loss of wild populations due to habitat modification, invasive species, climate change and other impacts. Complementary ex situ and in situ conservation efforts for native crop genetic resources are therefore warranted, with species-specific requirements, and the necessity for education and outreach in conservation, making collaboration across conservation institutions the most prudent way forward. We present foundational information useful to collaborative efforts. An inventory of U.S. crop wild relatives has prioritized taxa related to a broad range of important crops. Utilizing occurrence data gathered from herbaria and genebanks in combination with expert inputs, resulting potential distribution models are enabling the identification of hotspots of taxonomic diversity of wild relatives in the country, and a ‘gap analysis’ methodology is facilitating efforts to identify those taxa and geographic areas of particular conservation concern. Results indicate that a broad range of wild relative diversity remains to be conserved. Numerous populations of high priority taxa could be actively managed in existing conservation areas, although many are distributed in areas without long-term habitat protection. We discuss the value of collaboration across agriculture and botanic garden organizations to better conserve our nation’s heritage of crop wild relatives.
Save the planet.
Let us all protect our mother nature.
Let us raise our voice and claim her rights.
-Animals have soul too.They need protection from us.So let us make a choice.
We can't live without animals.They can live without us.
Proceedings of the 2014 Summit on Seeds & Breeds for 21st Century AgricultureRAFI-USA
To address both the growing crisis in seed biodiversity and our global capacity to develop diverse seed and breed varieties, RAFI and the Coalition for Seeds and Breeds for 21st Century Agriculture organized the 2014 Summit on Seeds and Breeds for 21st Century Agriculture.
The event, which was held in Washington, DC in March of 2014 brought together plant breeders, experts on the seed industry, farmers, activists and academics representing ten universities, twelve civil society organizations and four seed collections to discuss the state of our global seed supply and develop recommendations for reinvigorating public breeding research and increasing seed availability in the country.
The Proceedings of the 2014 Summit on Seeds & Breeds for 21st Century Agriculture provide a compilation of the summit keynote papers, response papers, presentations and findings, as well as a summary of recommendations collaboratively developed by summit participants during discussion.
The publication includes the summit keynote papers authored by well-known plant breeders and researchers in the plant breeding field including:
• William Tracy, a sweet corn breeder with the University of Wisconsin;
• Major Goodman, a corn breeder and professor of crop science at North Carolina State University;
• Tommy Carter, a research geneticist and professor of crop science at North Carolina State University;
• David Ellis, the head of the Genebank Unit at the International Potato Center in Peru;
• Kathy Jo Wetter, Research Director of ETC Group’s Action Group on Erosion, Technology & Concentration;
• Michael Mazourek, a vegetable breeder and professor of plant breeding at Cornell University; and
• Charles Brummer, Senior V.P. Director of Forage Improvement at the Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation.
Learn more: http://rafiusa.org/publications/seeds/
Growers can’t count on the markets or the weather—except to change. Staying in
business over time means effectively managing the risks growers can control
while minimizing the impact of those they can’t.
Conservation planning for crop wild relatives brings agricultural organizatio...CWRofUS
Our native crop wild relatives have proved useful as genetic resources in breeding better food, forage and feed, industrial, and ornamental crops. Their utilization is expected only to increase with better information on the species and improving breeding tools, but may well be constrained by their limited representation in conservation systems and the ongoing loss of wild populations due to habitat modification, invasive species, climate change and other impacts. Complementary ex situ and in situ conservation efforts for native crop genetic resources are therefore warranted, with species-specific requirements, and the necessity for education and outreach in conservation, making collaboration across conservation institutions the most prudent way forward. We present foundational information useful to collaborative efforts. An inventory of U.S. crop wild relatives has prioritized taxa related to a broad range of important crops. Utilizing occurrence data gathered from herbaria and genebanks in combination with expert inputs, resulting potential distribution models are enabling the identification of hotspots of taxonomic diversity of wild relatives in the country, and a ‘gap analysis’ methodology is facilitating efforts to identify those taxa and geographic areas of particular conservation concern. Results indicate that a broad range of wild relative diversity remains to be conserved. Numerous populations of high priority taxa could be actively managed in existing conservation areas, although many are distributed in areas without long-term habitat protection. We discuss the value of collaboration across agriculture and botanic garden organizations to better conserve our nation’s heritage of crop wild relatives.
Conservation Priorities for Tree Crop Wild Relatives in the United StatesCWRofUS
Presentation on conservation priorities of tree crop wild relatives of the U.S., given at the Gene Conservation of Tree Species – Banking on the Future Conference, 16-19 May 2016 in Chicago, USA
Distributions and conservation priorities for crop wild relatives of the Unit...CWRofUS
Our native crop wild relatives have proved useful as genetic resources in breeding more productive, nutritious, and resilient crops. Their utilization is expected only to increase with better information on the species and improving breeding tools, but may well be constrained by their limited representation in seedbanks and the ongoing loss of wild populations due to habitat modification, invasive species, climate change and other impacts. Urgent collecting and habitat conservation efforts for native crop genetic resources are therefore warranted. We present foundational information needed to guide this effort. An inventory of U.S. crop wild relatives has prioritized taxa related to a broad range of important food, forage and feed, medicinal, ornamental, and industrial crops. Utilizing occurrence data gathered from herbaria and genebanks, resulting potential distribution models are enabling the identification of hotspots of taxonomic diversity of wild relatives in the country, and a ‘gap analysis’ methodology is facilitating efforts to identify those taxa and geographic areas of particular conservation concern. Results indicate that a broad range of wild relative diversity remains to be collected. Numerous populations of high priority taxa could be actively managed in existing conservation areas, although many are distributed in areas without long-term habitat protection. We discuss the value of collaboration across agriculture and natural resources management organizations to better conserve our nation’s heritage of crop wild relatives.
Species diversity and functional groups of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in ...Innspub Net
Ants play a vital role in various ecological processes in the ecosystem. They are involved in nutrient cycling, soil aeration, seed dispersal, and indicator of habitat condition. The study was conducted to determine the species diversity and functional group composition of ants near the residential area and agro-ecosystem of Mt. Agad-agad, Brgy. Puga-an, Iligan City, Philippines. Ants were collected using baits and hand collecting to sample ants. A total of 4,047 individuals belonging to four subfamilies, 17 genera, and 23 species were documented in the two sampling sites. Species diversity was recorded highest in agro-ecosystem with H’=2.74 and species richness of 3.96. Also, five invasive species, including Paratrechina longicornis was recorded in both sampling sites. The most abundant functional group was Generalized Myrmicinae (36%) near the residential area, while Subordinate Camponotini (29%) in Agro-ecosystem. The result suggests that existing land-use influences species and functional group composition of ants, and the presence of invasive species indicates the magnitude of anthropogenic disturbances in the area.
Distributions and collecting priorities for crop wild relatives in the United...CWRofUS
Our native crop wild relatives have proved useful as genetic resources in breeding more productive, nutritious, and resilient crops. Their utilization is expected only to increase with better information on the species and improving breeding tools, but may well be constrained by their limited representation in seedbanks and the ongoing loss of wild populations due to habitat modification, invasive species, climate change and other impacts. An urgent collecting effort for native crop genetic resources is therefore warranted. We present foundational information needed to guide this effort. An inventory of U.S. crop wild relatives has prioritized taxa related to a broad range of important food, forage and feed, medicinal, ornamental, and industrial crops. Utilizing occurrence data gathered from herbaria and genebanks, resulting potential distribution models are enabling the identification of hotspots of taxonomic diversity of wild relatives in the country, and a ‘gap analysis’ methodology is facilitating efforts to identify those taxa and geographic areas of particular conservation concern. Results indicate that a broad range of wild relative diversity remains to be collected, and that considerable high priority taxa are distributed in areas without long-term habitat protection.
This is a presentation on the American Chestnut, Castanea dentata, my experiences in the last 3 field seasons while doing a census along the Appalachian Trail and other trails. Included are a definition of a native plant, non-native plants and the negative results of hybridization.
Poster describing a global occurrence database of over 5 million records of the distributions of crops and their wild relatives, including taxonomic and geographic information.
Presentation to Sense of Place, Palo Alto, by Miriam Sachs Martín, as Chief Preserve Steward for Acterra. Keywords: ecology, habitat, riparian, oak woodland, species, invasive, biocultural diversity, Native Americans, stewardship.
Food Security and Sustainable Resource Use: Comments, by Sara Scherr, Preside...EcoAgriculture Partners
Scherr presented a commentary on the draft document “Food Security and Sustainable Resource Use - What are the Resource Challenges to Food Security?" prepared for the conference by Frank Place (CGIAR) and Alexandre Meybeck (FAO). She offered suggestions for advancing research, and proposed key priorities for action by FAO and the CGIAR: to encourage the adoption of known best practices, to support initiatives advancing multi-objective farms and landscapes, and to focus advanced science on multi-functional landscape systems.
The Road Map for North American Crop Wild Relatives: Getting to our destinationsCWRofUS
Khoury CK, Greene SL, Moreau T, Krishnan S, Miller A (2019) “The Road Map for North American Crop Wild Relatives: Getting to our destinations” Celebrating Crop Diversity: Connecting Agriculture, Public Gardens, and Science, 4 April 2019, Des Moines, USA.
Is Dormancy an Indicator of Ecotypic Variation?CWRofUS
Miller A, Sosa C, Khoury CK, Greene S. (2016). Is Dormancy an Indicator of Ecotypic Variation?” Poster for Southern Rockies Seed Network 2016 Conference, 7 December 2016, Loveland, Colorado, USA.
Partnering on crop wild relative research at three scales: commonalities for ...CWRofUS
The potential for crop wild relatives (CWR) to contribute to crop improvement is growing due to improvements in information on species and their diversity, advancements in breeding tools, and the growing need for exotic genetic diversity to address compounding agronomic challenges. As wild plants, CWR are subject to a myriad of human caused threats to natural ecosystems, and their representation ex situ is often far from comprehensive. Ex situ conservation of many of these wild plants is also technically challenging, particularly in an environment of insufficient resources. Enhancing conservation, availability, and access to CWR requires a spectrum of action spanning basic and applied research on wild species to inform on-the-ground collecting, ex situ maintenance, and germplasm utilization. The development of effective information channels and productive partnerships between diverse organizations are essential to the success of these actions. Here we report on a spectrum of CWR activities involving broad partnerships, at three levels: a) the collaborative compilation and distribution on over 5 million occurrence data records on the CWR of major food crops, b) the analysis of conservation concerns and genetic resources potential of the CWR of potato, sweetpotato, and pigeonpea, and c) ongoing efforts to map the diversity and conservation concerns for CWR in the USA. Although differing in scales and depth of collaborations, the success of these initiatives are largely due to commonalities in research orientation, e.g., inclusiveness, offering clear incentives for involvement, and service providing to the crop science community.
Presentation on progress toward a national strategy for conservation of CWR in the US, given at the curators and PGOC meeting, Spokane Washington June 2012
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Introduction:
RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression.
It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences.
dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants.
This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes.
What are small ncRNAs?
micro RNA (miRNA)
short interfering RNA (siRNA)
Properties of small non-coding RNA:
Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts.
Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long.
Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered).
Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA.
Discovery of siRNA?
The first small RNA:
In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the
development of the worm C. elegans.
Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14.
Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions.
Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA)
MiRNA
Length (23-25 nt)
Trans acting
Binds with target MRNA in mismatch
Translation inhibition
Si RNA
Length 21 nt.
Cis acting
Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence
Piwi-RNA
Length ; 25 to 36 nt.
Expressed in Germ Cells
Regulates trnasposomes activity
MECHANISM OF RNAI:
First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces.
Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands.
The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it.
THE RISC COMPLEX:
RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA
Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase
Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA.
DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III)
Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute
ARGONAUTE PROTEIN :
1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA
2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity.
MiRNA:
The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
The increased availability of biomedical data, particularly in the public domain, offers the opportunity to better understand human health and to develop effective therapeutics for a wide range of unmet medical needs. However, data scientists remain stymied by the fact that data remain hard to find and to productively reuse because data and their metadata i) are wholly inaccessible, ii) are in non-standard or incompatible representations, iii) do not conform to community standards, and iv) have unclear or highly restricted terms and conditions that preclude legitimate reuse. These limitations require a rethink on data can be made machine and AI-ready - the key motivation behind the FAIR Guiding Principles. Concurrently, while recent efforts have explored the use of deep learning to fuse disparate data into predictive models for a wide range of biomedical applications, these models often fail even when the correct answer is already known, and fail to explain individual predictions in terms that data scientists can appreciate. These limitations suggest that new methods to produce practical artificial intelligence are still needed.
In this talk, I will discuss our work in (1) building an integrative knowledge infrastructure to prepare FAIR and "AI-ready" data and services along with (2) neurosymbolic AI methods to improve the quality of predictions and to generate plausible explanations. Attention is given to standards, platforms, and methods to wrangle knowledge into simple, but effective semantic and latent representations, and to make these available into standards-compliant and discoverable interfaces that can be used in model building, validation, and explanation. Our work, and those of others in the field, creates a baseline for building trustworthy and easy to deploy AI models in biomedicine.
Bio
Dr. Michel Dumontier is the Distinguished Professor of Data Science at Maastricht University, founder and executive director of the Institute of Data Science, and co-founder of the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data principles. His research explores socio-technological approaches for responsible discovery science, which includes collaborative multi-modal knowledge graphs, privacy-preserving distributed data mining, and AI methods for drug discovery and personalized medicine. His work is supported through the Dutch National Research Agenda, the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, Horizon Europe, the European Open Science Cloud, the US National Institutes of Health, and a Marie-Curie Innovative Training Network. He is the editor-in-chief for the journal Data Science and is internationally recognized for his contributions in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and semantic technologies including ontologies and linked data.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
Building a Road Map for North American Crop Wild Relatives
1. Building a Road Map for
North American Crop Wild Relatives
Celebrating Crop Diversity: Connecting Agriculture, Public Gardens, and Science
4 April 2019
World Food Prize Hall of Laureates
Des Moines, Iowa USA
Colin Khoury, Stephanie Greene,
Tara Moreau, Sarada Krishnan, Allison Miller
2. North American Crop Wild Relatives (2018, 2019)
Greene et al. (eds.) (2018) North American Crop Wild Relatives, Volume 1: Conservation Strategies. Springer International Publishing AG, doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-95101-0
Greene et al. (eds.) (2019) North American Crop Wild Relatives, Volume 2: Important Species. Springer International Publishing AG, doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-97121-6
3. Pecos sunflower (Helianthus paradoxus Heiser) at Blue Hole Cienega, Santa Rosa, New Mexico. Pecos sunflower is a source of salt tolerance for cultivated
sunflower, and is listed threatened under the Endangered Species Act and globally imperiled in NatureServe (Khoury et al. 2013). Photo: Laura Marek.
5. Williams and Greene (2018) Conservation of Crop Wild Relatives in the USA. In: Greene et al. (eds.) (2018) North American Crop Wild Relatives, Volume 1: Conservation Strategies.
Springer. 10.1007/978-3-319-95101-0_4
7. Mount Hood National Forest, OR
Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest, WIGifford Pinochet National Forest, WA
Monongahela National Forest, WV
Collaborative conservation of wild cranberries
Photo: S. White
8.
9. Moreau T and Novy A (2018) “Public Education and Outreach Opportunities for Crop Wild Relatives in North America”. In: Greene et al. (eds.) North
American Crop Wild Relatives, Volume 1: Conservation Strategies. Springer International Publishing AG, doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-95101-0
Raising public awareness about crop wild relatives
10. A Road Map for North America’s crop wild relatives
1. Document, assess threats, and determine
conservation gaps for North America’s crop wild
relatives
2. Protect threatened species in their natural habitats
3. Collect and conserve prioritized species ex situ
4. Make their diversity accessible for use, research, and
education
5. Raise public awareness of their value and the
threats to their persistence
11. Greene et al. (2019) North American Crop Wild Relatives, Volume 2: Important Species. Springer.
Greene et al. (2018) North American Crop Wild Relatives, Volume 1: Conservation Strategies. Springer.
Contreras-Toledo et al. (2018) A crop wild relative inventory for Mexico. Crop Science 58(3): 1292.
Dempewolf et al. (2017) Past and future use of wild relatives in crop breeding. Crop Science 57(3): 1070.
Castañeda-Álvarez et al. (2016) Global Conservation Priorities for Crop Wild Relatives. Nature Plants 2(4): 16022.
Khoury et al. (2013) An inventory of crop wild relatives of the United States. Crop Science 53(4): 1496.
Thank you!