Brooks heat treatment, structure and properties of non-ferrous alloys
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Heat treatment involves controlled heating and cooling of materials to alter their structure and properties. Some key points:
1. Heat treatment includes processes like annealing, normalizing, hardening, and case hardening.
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3. Phase diagrams and TTT/CCT diagrams are used to determine appropriate heating temperatures and cooling rates to achieve desired microstructures and properties.
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1. Heat treatment includes processes like annealing, normalizing, hardening, and case hardening.
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Extrusion
Extrusion is a process where a block of metal is forced to flow through a die to reduce its cross-section. It is commonly used to produce cylindrical bars, tubes, or stock for other processes. Most metals require hot extrusion due to the large forces. Extrusion produces products with uniform properties and microstructure. Common extrusion defects include cracking, non-uniform deformation, and variations in grain structure. Extrusion equipment includes hydraulic presses in horizontal or vertical orientations and dies made of hardened tool steel. Process parameters like temperature, speed, and lubrication affect the required extrusion pressure.
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Strengthening mechanisms in metals include work hardening, solid solution strengthening, and precipitation hardening. Work hardening increases yield strength by introducing dislocations through plastic deformation, which impede further dislocation movement. Solid solution strengthening adds solute atoms that distort the crystal lattice and interfere with dislocations. Precipitation hardening involves heat treating alloys to form precipitates that impede dislocations. These mechanisms strengthen metals by making dislocation motion and propagation more difficult.
Quenching, tempering, normalizing, annealing, do you know clearly?
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efect of ductile to brittle transition temperture
This document summarizes a seminar on how the ductile to brittle transition temperature (DBTT) can affect ships. It discusses how the Titanic's steel structure failed due to brittle fracture from low temperatures. The DBTT is the temperature at which a material changes from ductile to brittle behavior. Several factors can influence a material's DBTT curve, including crystal structure, grain size, heat treatment, and composition. Modern steels have lower sulfur contents and smaller grains, leading to higher transition temperatures than the steel used for the Titanic. Understanding how materials behave at low temperatures helps make ships safer by considering fracture risks during design.
Heat treatment process
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Heat treatment 1
Heat treatment 1 By
P.SENTHAMARAI KANNAN,
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR ,
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KAMARAJ COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY,
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Steel Making: Ingot casting defects
1) The document discusses various defects that can occur during steel ingot solidification such as pipe, columnar structure, blow holes, and segregation.
2) It provides remedies for preventing these defects, such as using a hot top feeder head to avoid pipe formation and soaking ingots to minimize segregation.
3) The document also covers the mechanisms of ingot solidification, describing how killed, rimmed, and semi-killed steels solidify into chill, columnar, and equiaxed zones within the ingot.
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Strengthening mechanisms in metals include work hardening, solid solution strengthening, and precipitation hardening. Work hardening increases yield strength by introducing dislocations through plastic deformation, which impede further dislocation movement. Solid solution strengthening adds solute atoms that distort the crystal lattice and interfere with dislocations. Precipitation hardening involves heat treating alloys to form precipitates that impede dislocations. These mechanisms strengthen metals by making dislocation motion and propagation more difficult.
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In order for metal workpiece to have required working properties, a heat treatment process is often necessary. Heat treatment process generally includes three processes of heating, heat preservation and cooling. It is divided into quenching, tempering, normalizing, annealing, etc. depending on process. Can you distinguish it?
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ASSISTANT PROFESSOR ,
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING,
KAMARAJ COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY,
VIRUDHUNAGAR, TAMILNADU.
INDIA.
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LATONES
-Constitución y propiedades generales
-Características y aplicaciones
-Resistencia a la corrosión
-Tratamiento térmicos
-Ejecución
-Tratamiento de superficie
Aluminio
-Efecto elementos aleantes (Si, Cu, Mn, Fe, Mg, Ni, Zn, P, Pb, Ti, Sr, Na, Li).
-Modificadores microestructura (Ti-B, Sr-Na-Ca-Sb, Mg-Cr).
-Tratamiento para aleaciones de aluminio fundido.
-Desgacificación de aleaciones de Al.
-Refinamiento de grano de aleaciones de aluminio.
-Modificación de aleaciones de aluminio.
-Tratamiento térmicos.
Fundiciones elliot
Clases metalurgia de las fundiciones preparadas por el profesor Linton Carvajal (USACH) en base al texto guia "Cast Iron technology" (Roy Elliott).
El tema a tratar es fundiciones.
Fallas en laton - Metalurgia de las fundiciones (USACH)
Este documento describe las principales fallas que ocurren en aleaciones de latón durante su procesamiento y servicio, incluyendo fallas de colada, extrusión, trefilado y servicio. Las fallas se deben principalmente a impurezas, fricción excesiva, temperaturas inadecuadas, tensiones residuales y corrosión. El documento proporciona recomendaciones para mejorar cada proceso y prevenir las fallas a través de un mejor control de composición, parámetros de proceso, diseño de herramientas y tratamientos térmicos.
Experimental N°1: ESTUDIO DE ACEROS ESTRUCTURALES Y DE CONSTRUCCIÓN SOLDADOS ...
1. Introducción
La soldadura de aleaciones ferrosas y su efecto en las transformaciones y cambio de propiedades son temas muy importantes para el ingeniero metalúrgico. En las empresas existe un sin número de aplicaciones donde se fabrica y/o se reparan estructuras. Es de vital importancia tener un conocimiento sobre este proceso y aplicaciones de aceros estructurales y otros.
Adicionalmente existen otros procesos que son necesarios para la fabricación de elementos estructurales soldados. El dimensionamiento de los componentes o kit de fabricación (que luego se arma y posteriormente debe montarse). El corte se realiza con diferentes procesos tales: oxicorte, corte por plasma bajo agua o normal, corte por agua, corte por láser, otros.
El conformado en frío es importante (cilindrado, plegado, estampado, bombeado, otros) para la geometría, dimensiones y tolerancias. Lo anterior tiene
mucha relación con los protocolos (selección de la soldadura, procesos de corte, procesos de soldadura, terminación superficial, la protección de la superficie, dossier de calidad, aporte térmico, precalentamiento previo, carbono equivalente, velocidad de enfriamiento, distensionado térmico o vibraciones o mecánico, otros).
Se aprecia por tanto que el proceso de corte – conformado – soldadura, conlleva a múltiples disciplinas que debe ser cuidadosamente controladas de manera que las modificaciones de la composición química, propiedades mecánicas, microestructura y otras, sean mínimas en reacción con el material original.
2. Objetivos
Visualizar y estudiar experimentalmente los cambios microestructurales y de propiedades en las distintas zonas de la soldadura (zona ZAT, metal base y aporte). Se usaran aceros estructurales del tipo ASTM A 572, HSL (ASTM A 514 Gr B) y SAE 1045.
El Laboratorio se realiza una parte en las dependencias de la Empresa Kupfer Hnos. (Libertad #58, Metro ULA). Aquí se realizará el proceso de soldadura de las muestras. Adicionalmente se visitarán las dependencias de la Empresa, para visualizar los procesos de Oxicorte y Corte con Plasma. Es importante que los estudiantes posean los siguientes elementos de seguridad: zapatos con punta de acero, casco, ropa gruesa (tipo jeans).
Materiales:
Acero HSL ASTMA514/ASTM A 36
Acero ASTM A-572 Acero SAE 1045
3. Experiencia Laboratorio.
A) Soldadura Aceros ASTM A-572; HSL A514; SAE 1045.
B) Ensayos de doblado.
C) Análisis metalográfico, composición y perfil de dureza.
Los ensayos anteriores permiten determinar en forma precisa el comportamiento de los aceros frente a los procesos de corte y soldadura. Es importante asociar la composición química de c/u (carbono equivalente), la microestructura y la dureza.
Los ensayos de dureza y análisis metalográfico pueden realizarse también en las dependencias de Kupfer Hnos.
4. Bibliografía.
1. Metal Handbook Volumen 6 (Pág. 1065-1098).
2. Fichas y normas de los aceros.
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pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
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networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
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哪里办理(csu毕业证书)查尔斯特大学毕业证硕士学历原版一模一样
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【(csu毕业证书)查尔斯特大学毕业证硕士学历】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
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8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptx
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine Learning
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting.pdf
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A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
Iron and Steel Technology Roadmap - Towards more sustainable steelmaking.pdf
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22CYT12-Unit-V-E Waste and its Management.ppt
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
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Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
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"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
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IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
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11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, SerbiaA SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
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