Stephen Brookfield developed four lenses for critical reflection in teaching - the autobiographical lens, student lens, colleague lens, and theoretical lens. The autobiographical lens involves reflecting on one's own experiences with learning. The student lens uses student feedback and evaluations to improve teaching. The colleague lens gains insights from peer observation and problem-solving. The theoretical lens applies findings from educational research and theory to teaching practice. These four perspectives aim to help teachers gain higher awareness of their own teaching.

1. PROCESS & METHODS OF REFLECTION
BROOKFEILD CRITICAL LENSES
SUBMITTED TO : MAM SHAZIA EJAZ
SUBMITTED BY : AREEBA YASIR

2. STEPHEN BROOKFEILD (1949)
Stephen Brookfeild is a scholar in adult education . Since begning his educational career in 1970, Stephen has
worked in England, Canada & the United States. His overall project is to help people learn to think critically
about the dominant ideologies they have internalized & how these can be challenged.

3. BROOKFEILD CRITICAL LENSES
The goal of the critically reflective teacher is to
gain higher awareness of his or her own teaching
from as many perspectives as possible. For this
purpose, Stephen Brookfield has developed the four
lenses in the Brookfield model of reflection. These
can be used by teachers in the process of critical
reflection. This concerns the following four lenses,
or perspectives:
• The autobiographical lens
• The student’s eyes
• Colleagues’ experiences
• The theoretical literature

4. THE AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL LENS
This is the first lens of the Brookfield Model of
Reflection and is also where a teacher can uncover
pedagogical aspects that must be strengthened or
adjusted.The autobiographical lens helps teachers to
consider their own experiences with students concerning
education and learning. The analysis of this learning
experience will help to uncover assumptions and
convictions about how people learn.
Activities within the autobiographical perspective
• Philosophy of teaching and learning
• RecordingsTeaching logs
• AuditsAdvice

5. THE STUDENT’S EYE
STUDENT LENS:
Engaging with student views of the learning
environment can lead to more responsive teaching.
Evaluations,
assessments, journals, focus groups and/or
interviews can each provide cues to improve
teaching & learning
Activities using this lense include :
• Formal evaluations
• Interviews
• Classroom assessment
• Students focus groups
• Critical incident questionnaires

6. COLLEAGUE’S EXPERIENCE
PEER’S OR COLLEAGUE’S LENSE
Peers can highlight hidden habits in teaching practice and also
provide innovative solutions to teaching problems.
Further, colleagues can be inspirational and provide support and
solidarity. Activities using this lens include:
• Peer observation
• Faculty learning circles
• Collaborative problem solving
• Structured critical conventions

7. THE THEORETICAL LITERATURE
THE THEORETICAL LENS :
Teaching theory provides the vocabulary for teaching practice
and offers teachers different ways to view and
understand their teaching. Activities using this lens include :
• Scholarship of teaching and learning
• Professional journals
• Confrences / workshops
• Action research

8. CONCLUSIONS
 An essential aspect of our educational persuit :
1. The need to do continuos evaluation of self
2. See things in different lights
 Vital links to existing knowledge
 Strong points and loopholes in theory examined for
opportunities

9. THANKYOU