Micronutrient deficiencies are widespread in developing nations where cereals are staple foods. Pearl millet is an important staple in Africa and Asia. ICRISAT is conducting pearl millet biofortification research to improve iron and zinc densities. They have identified large genetic variability for iron (31-125 mg/kg) and zinc (35-82 mg/kg) among breeding lines. X-ray fluorescence allows rapid, low-cost screening of large numbers of lines. Several high-iron and high-yielding hybrids have been developed and adopted by farmers, including the first biofortified variety Dhanashakti. Future work includes integrating genomic tools and mainstreaming biofortification into breeding programs.