Breathing
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•676 views
The document discusses breathing and the respiratory system. It outlines the curriculum content which includes listing features of gas exchange surfaces, identifying structures of the respiratory system like the larynx, trachea, bronchi and alveoli. It also discusses the differences between inspired and expired air. Key parts of the respiratory system are described, including how the trachea secretes mucus and traps particles, and how cilia in the trachea move mucus. The processes of inspiration and expiration are explained, involving muscle contractions and relaxations that increase and decrease the thoracic cavity volume. Adaptations of the alveoli for gas exchange are noted, like their large surface area, thin walls, and rich blood supply.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Gas exchange in animals by madeleine
This document discusses gas exchange in four animal groups - mammals, fish, birds, and insects. It describes how each group has adapted to efficiently take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide through specialized gas exchange surfaces and circulatory systems. Fish respire through gills with countercurrent flow to enhance gas diffusion. Mammals and birds use lungs with alveoli that have a large surface area and short diffusion distance. Birds additionally have air sacs that facilitate one-way airflow through the lungs. Insects transport gases directly to cells through a tracheal system.
Gaseous exchange mahlangu n_218018380
The document discusses gaseous exchange and the organs involved. Gaseous exchange is the diffusion of gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide between an organism and its environment during respiration. It occurs through various organs like the trachea, epiglottis, bronchi, bronchioles and lungs. The lungs contain alveoli which provide a large surface area for efficient gas exchange between inhaled air and blood. Disruptions to this process can cause respiratory diseases like pneumonia, pulmonary fibrosis and asthma.
Gaseous exchange
The document discusses gaseous exchange and lung function. It contains the following key points:
1. Lungs are specialized organs that allow for gaseous exchange through a branching network of airways ending in alveoli, which are tiny air sacs surrounded by capillaries.
2. In the alveoli, oxygen diffuses into the bloodstream while carbon dioxide diffuses out of the bloodstream and into the alveoli to be exhaled.
3. The alveoli have features adapted for efficient gas exchange, including a thin epithelial surface, large surface area, and being highly vascularized.
6.4 gas exchange
The document discusses gas exchange in the lungs. It describes how alveoli facilitate gas exchange between inhaled air and blood in adjacent capillaries. Two types of cells are involved: type I pneumocytes that are thin to allow gas exchange, and type II pneumocytes that secrete surfactant to reduce surface tension inside alveoli. Ventilation maintains concentration gradients and involves muscle contractions that force air in and out of the lungs. Applications discussed include causes and consequences of lung cancer and emphysema.
6.4 Gas Exchange
This document discusses gas exchange and ventilation in the human respiratory system. It explains that ventilation is the flow of air into and out of the lungs, allowing for oxygen and carbon dioxide to diffuse between the alveoli and blood. Gas exchange then occurs as oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse between the capillaries and alveoli. A ventilation system is needed for organisms with internal organs to deliver oxygen throughout the body. Features of alveoli like their spherical shape and thin walls promote efficient gas exchange. The document then describes the mechanisms of inhalation and exhalation through muscle contractions that decrease and increase the volume of the thoracic cavity.
Gaseous exchange in mammals
This document discusses gaseous exchange in mammals. It begins by explaining that living organisms require a constant supply of energy, which they obtain through aerobic respiration. Oxygen is essential for this process and is obtained from the air while carbon dioxide is a waste product and is expelled. In mammals, gaseous exchange occurs in the lungs. The lungs contain bronchioles that divide into tiny alveoli where oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse between the blood in capillaries and the air. This efficient exchange is enabled by the thin walls and large surface area of the alveoli.
GAS EXCHANGE IN ANIMALS
This document describes the process of gas exchange in animals. It involves 3 main stages: 1) pulmonary ventilation which is the movement of air into and out of the lungs, 2) external respiration which is the exchange of gases between the blood and air in the alveoli, and 3) internal respiration which is the exchange of gases between the blood and tissues. Various organisms use different respiratory structures for gas exchange including direct diffusion, gills, tracheal and book lung systems, and lung systems used by terrestrial vertebrates. The key parts of the human respiratory system are then described in more detail.
Gas exchange in animal
The document discusses gas exchange in different organisms. It explains that gas exchange is the process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between an organism's respiratory surface and the surrounding environment or fluid. It then provides examples of gas exchange in various organisms like earthworms, fish, birds, mammals/humans, amphibians, and insects. Earthworms exchange gases through their skin, fish use countercurrent exchange in their gills, birds use air sacs and lungs, and mammals inhale through the nose and exhale through the mouth via the trachea and lungs. Amphibians can exchange gases through their skin and lungs, and insects have a tracheal system to directly deliver air to cells.
Recommended
Gas exchange in animals by madeleine
This document discusses gas exchange in four animal groups - mammals, fish, birds, and insects. It describes how each group has adapted to efficiently take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide through specialized gas exchange surfaces and circulatory systems. Fish respire through gills with countercurrent flow to enhance gas diffusion. Mammals and birds use lungs with alveoli that have a large surface area and short diffusion distance. Birds additionally have air sacs that facilitate one-way airflow through the lungs. Insects transport gases directly to cells through a tracheal system.
Gaseous exchange mahlangu n_218018380
The document discusses gaseous exchange and the organs involved. Gaseous exchange is the diffusion of gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide between an organism and its environment during respiration. It occurs through various organs like the trachea, epiglottis, bronchi, bronchioles and lungs. The lungs contain alveoli which provide a large surface area for efficient gas exchange between inhaled air and blood. Disruptions to this process can cause respiratory diseases like pneumonia, pulmonary fibrosis and asthma.
Gaseous exchange
The document discusses gaseous exchange and lung function. It contains the following key points:
1. Lungs are specialized organs that allow for gaseous exchange through a branching network of airways ending in alveoli, which are tiny air sacs surrounded by capillaries.
2. In the alveoli, oxygen diffuses into the bloodstream while carbon dioxide diffuses out of the bloodstream and into the alveoli to be exhaled.
3. The alveoli have features adapted for efficient gas exchange, including a thin epithelial surface, large surface area, and being highly vascularized.
6.4 gas exchange
The document discusses gas exchange in the lungs. It describes how alveoli facilitate gas exchange between inhaled air and blood in adjacent capillaries. Two types of cells are involved: type I pneumocytes that are thin to allow gas exchange, and type II pneumocytes that secrete surfactant to reduce surface tension inside alveoli. Ventilation maintains concentration gradients and involves muscle contractions that force air in and out of the lungs. Applications discussed include causes and consequences of lung cancer and emphysema.
6.4 Gas Exchange
This document discusses gas exchange and ventilation in the human respiratory system. It explains that ventilation is the flow of air into and out of the lungs, allowing for oxygen and carbon dioxide to diffuse between the alveoli and blood. Gas exchange then occurs as oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse between the capillaries and alveoli. A ventilation system is needed for organisms with internal organs to deliver oxygen throughout the body. Features of alveoli like their spherical shape and thin walls promote efficient gas exchange. The document then describes the mechanisms of inhalation and exhalation through muscle contractions that decrease and increase the volume of the thoracic cavity.
Gaseous exchange in mammals
This document discusses gaseous exchange in mammals. It begins by explaining that living organisms require a constant supply of energy, which they obtain through aerobic respiration. Oxygen is essential for this process and is obtained from the air while carbon dioxide is a waste product and is expelled. In mammals, gaseous exchange occurs in the lungs. The lungs contain bronchioles that divide into tiny alveoli where oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse between the blood in capillaries and the air. This efficient exchange is enabled by the thin walls and large surface area of the alveoli.
GAS EXCHANGE IN ANIMALS
This document describes the process of gas exchange in animals. It involves 3 main stages: 1) pulmonary ventilation which is the movement of air into and out of the lungs, 2) external respiration which is the exchange of gases between the blood and air in the alveoli, and 3) internal respiration which is the exchange of gases between the blood and tissues. Various organisms use different respiratory structures for gas exchange including direct diffusion, gills, tracheal and book lung systems, and lung systems used by terrestrial vertebrates. The key parts of the human respiratory system are then described in more detail.
Gas exchange in animal
The document discusses gas exchange in different organisms. It explains that gas exchange is the process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between an organism's respiratory surface and the surrounding environment or fluid. It then provides examples of gas exchange in various organisms like earthworms, fish, birds, mammals/humans, amphibians, and insects. Earthworms exchange gases through their skin, fish use countercurrent exchange in their gills, birds use air sacs and lungs, and mammals inhale through the nose and exhale through the mouth via the trachea and lungs. Amphibians can exchange gases through their skin and lungs, and insects have a tracheal system to directly deliver air to cells.
Ch 8 respiration 2019
The respiratory system takes in oxygen and releases carbon dioxide, with aerobic respiration using oxygen and anaerobic respiration not requiring oxygen. Cells use the energy released from respiration for functions like muscle contraction, maintaining temperature, and building molecules, with the lungs exchanging gases through thin-walled alveoli to test samples for carbon dioxide production and heat release as signs of respiration.
Basics of respiration
This document discusses respiration, which includes external and internal respiration. External respiration involves gas exchange between the lungs and body tissues, while internal respiration is the cellular utilization of oxygen. Respiration has four main goals: distributing oxygen, removing carbon dioxide, and maintaining homeostasis. It is divided into four functional events: pulmonary ventilation, gas diffusion, gas transport, and regulation. The lungs have a large surface area for gas exchange and a short diffusion pathway in the alveoli. Respiration involves both active inspiration through muscle contraction and passive expiration through elastic recoil.
Respiration IGCSE
1. The document discusses the process of cellular respiration which releases energy from food in living cells. It occurs in three stages: breathing, internal respiration in the blood, and cellular respiration in cells.
2. Aerobic respiration uses oxygen to fully break down glucose, generating more ATP. Anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen, producing less ATP. It allows for short term energy needs like intense muscle activity.
3. The lungs take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide through breathing. Gases are exchanged between the alveoli and blood capillaries by diffusion down a concentration gradient.
Mechanisms of gas exchange
This document discusses the mechanisms of gas exchange in the human body. It begins by defining diffusion and describing the basic process of gas exchange across membranes. It then describes the four main types of gas exchange systems: integumentary, gills, tracheal, and lungs. The majority of the document focuses on the human respiratory system, describing external respiration in the lungs where oxygen diffuses into blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out, and internal respiration where gases are exchanged at the cellular level. It concludes by explaining cellular respiration, where oxygen is used to break down food molecules and release energy, producing carbon dioxide as a waste product.
Gaseous exchange
The document discusses the process of gas exchange in the human respiratory system. It involves 3 main steps: 1) ventilation through inspiration and expiration, 2) external respiration where gas exchange occurs between air in the lungs and blood, and 3) internal respiration where gases diffuse between blood and tissues. The main organs involved are the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. In the lungs, gas exchange takes place in the alveoli which are lined with blood capillaries, allowing for diffusion of oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out. Several pulmonary diseases and the effects of smoking on the lungs are also outlined.
Respiration
The document summarizes key aspects of the respiratory system. It discusses that respiration provides oxygen for metabolism and removes carbon dioxide, and also facilitates smell and speech. It describes the functions of external and internal respiration. It outlines the passageways of air from the nasal cavity and pharynx down to the alveoli. It discusses the lungs as the site of gas exchange and pulmonary circulation. It also summarizes control of breathing including local control to maintain ventilation-perfusion ratio and central control through respiratory centers and respiratory reflexes.
Respiration in human beings
Respiration involves two processes - breathing, which is the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and cells, and cellular respiration, which breaks down food inside cells to release energy. In humans, respiration occurs through a respiratory system that filters and transports air through the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli and blood capillaries, facilitating gas exchange between inhaled air and blood. The diaphragm and intercostal muscles control breathing by expanding and contracting the lungs to inhale and exhale air.
Discuss the process of gaseous exchange
Briefly discusses gaseous exchange in mammals, fishes, amphibians, and plants. For Integrated Science Students
Human Respiration
This document discusses respiration and the respiratory system. It begins by defining respiration as the gaseous exchange between organisms and the environment, and describes it as an essential physiological process that provides energy. It then discusses the different types of respiration, including external respiration through lungs in higher animals and internal respiration in cells. The document outlines the respiratory organs found in various organisms like frogs, fish, and humans. It provides details on the mechanism of respiration in humans, including the respiratory passage and gas exchange that occurs in the lungs and tissues. The document also discusses respiratory disorders and amazing facts about the respiratory system.
Gaseous exchange in human
The document discusses the human respiratory system and gas exchange. It describes the major organs involved including the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. It explains the processes of pulmonary ventilation including inspiration and expiration. It discusses oxygen and carbon dioxide transport in the blood and partial pressures of gases in the body. It also covers common respiratory disorders like asthma, pneumonia, and emphysema.
Gas exchange
1) Cells need oxygen for cellular respiration and must remove carbon dioxide as it is a waste product.
2) Gases diffuse across the plasma membrane along concentration gradients. Efficient gas exchange requires a moist, thin membrane with a large surface area.
3) Multi-cellular organisms have specialized structures like lungs and gills to increase surface area and link to transport systems to supply all cells.
AS Level Biology - 9) Gas Exchange
Like Membrane, this is one of the shorter topics with less content to go through. More or less an extension of the mamal transport system, the gas exchange system should still be seen as an individual self-serving/ self-functioning system worthy of its own spotlight.
Ventilation perfusion
This document discusses different types of ventilation in the respiratory system. It defines pulmonary ventilation as the movement of air in and out of the respiratory tract, normally 6 L/minute. Alveolar ventilation is the amount of air used for gas exchange, normally 4.2 L/minute. Dead space is the part of the respiratory tract where no gas exchange occurs, including the anatomical dead space from the nose to terminal bronchioles and the physiological dead space from non-functioning or poorly perfused alveoli. The ventilation-perfusion ratio represents the matching of alveolar ventilation to blood flow for gas exchange.
Respiratory system
The respiratory system takes oxygen into the body through the nose and mouth and transports it via the trachea and bronchi to the lungs. In the lungs, oxygen passes through bronchioles and into alveoli where it is exchanged for carbon dioxide. Red blood cells then carry the oxygen throughout the body and remove carbon dioxide, which is exhaled through the respiratory tract. Key components that aid breathing include the diaphragm and lungs.
6.4 gas exchange
Ventilation is the process of moving air in and out of the lungs to supply oxygen and remove carbon dioxide. Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli where oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse between the blood in capillaries and the air in the alveoli. Cell respiration uses oxygen and produces carbon dioxide as a waste product. A ventilation system with trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli is needed to maintain concentration gradients driving gas exchange. The diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract and relax to change lung volume and pressure, inhaling and exhaling air through the ventilation system.
Exchange of gases 1
Here are short notes on the requested topics:
(1) Gaseous exchange:
Gaseous exchange refers to the transport of oxygen from inhaled air to tissues and carbon dioxide from tissues to exhaled air. It occurs through the process of diffusion which is driven by partial pressure gradients. In the lungs, oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood while carbon dioxide diffuses in the opposite direction. Oxygen is transported to tissues via hemoglobin in red blood cells while carbon dioxide diffuses back to be exhaled.
(2) Ventilation/Perfusion ratio:
The ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) ratio refers to the ratio of ventilation (amount of air entering the lungs) to
Gaseous exchange
Gaseous exchange occurs via respiratory surfaces. In humans, gas exchange occurs in the lungs via a network of airways and alveoli with a large surface area. Breathing is controlled by chemoreceptors in the carotid bodies and medulla that detect changes in oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood and signal the respiratory center to adjust breathing rate and depth. In insects, tracheae deliver oxygen directly to tissues and release of carbon dioxide is facilitated by abdominal movements. Fish rely on gills with thin membranes and a rich blood supply to oxygenate their blood and release carbon dioxide into surrounding water. Plants lack specialized respiratory organs but have structures like leaves, stems, roots and root hairs that increase surface area for gas
Powerpoint respiratory system
Gas exchange surfaces in animals are thin, close to an efficient transport system, and moist to allow for quick gas diffusion while preventing cell death. They also have a large surface area and are well-ventilated to increase the amount of gas that can diffuse simultaneously through breathing movements. The respiratory system contains ciliated and goblet cells - goblet cells produce mucus to trap bacteria on lung surfaces, while cilia beat in a coordinated way to carry mucus and trapped particles away from the lungs.
Respiratory system ppt
This document discusses the human respiratory system and the process of respiration. It describes the major organs of the respiratory system, including the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli. It explains that the respiratory system allows for the intake of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide. The document outlines the two phases of breathing - inspiration and expiration. It also discusses gas exchange that occurs between the blood and alveoli, and lists some common malfunctions and diseases of the respiratory system like asthma, bronchitis, emphysema and pneumonia.
Made by sachin
Respiration is the process by which organisms obtain energy from food. There are two types of respiration: cellular respiration which breaks down food in cells to release energy using oxygen, and anaerobic respiration which breaks food down without oxygen. The document discusses the human respiratory system and process of breathing, noting that air enters through the nostrils and passes through the nasal cavity, windpipe, lungs located in the chest cavity surrounded by ribs, and diaphragm. It also compares the percentages of oxygen and carbon dioxide in inhaled versus exhaled air. Breathing is defined as the part of respiration where an organism inhales oxygen-rich air and exhales carbon dioxide-rich air through inhalation and exhalation.
Respiratory System.pptx
These slides will help to build an understanding of the respiratory system for the ordinary levels and the A levels students.
The can also be useful for science enthusiasts at any level.
so feel free to view and download these slides. enjoy.
More Related Content
What's hot
Ch 8 respiration 2019
The respiratory system takes in oxygen and releases carbon dioxide, with aerobic respiration using oxygen and anaerobic respiration not requiring oxygen. Cells use the energy released from respiration for functions like muscle contraction, maintaining temperature, and building molecules, with the lungs exchanging gases through thin-walled alveoli to test samples for carbon dioxide production and heat release as signs of respiration.
Basics of respiration
This document discusses respiration, which includes external and internal respiration. External respiration involves gas exchange between the lungs and body tissues, while internal respiration is the cellular utilization of oxygen. Respiration has four main goals: distributing oxygen, removing carbon dioxide, and maintaining homeostasis. It is divided into four functional events: pulmonary ventilation, gas diffusion, gas transport, and regulation. The lungs have a large surface area for gas exchange and a short diffusion pathway in the alveoli. Respiration involves both active inspiration through muscle contraction and passive expiration through elastic recoil.
Respiration IGCSE
1. The document discusses the process of cellular respiration which releases energy from food in living cells. It occurs in three stages: breathing, internal respiration in the blood, and cellular respiration in cells.
2. Aerobic respiration uses oxygen to fully break down glucose, generating more ATP. Anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen, producing less ATP. It allows for short term energy needs like intense muscle activity.
3. The lungs take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide through breathing. Gases are exchanged between the alveoli and blood capillaries by diffusion down a concentration gradient.
Mechanisms of gas exchange
This document discusses the mechanisms of gas exchange in the human body. It begins by defining diffusion and describing the basic process of gas exchange across membranes. It then describes the four main types of gas exchange systems: integumentary, gills, tracheal, and lungs. The majority of the document focuses on the human respiratory system, describing external respiration in the lungs where oxygen diffuses into blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out, and internal respiration where gases are exchanged at the cellular level. It concludes by explaining cellular respiration, where oxygen is used to break down food molecules and release energy, producing carbon dioxide as a waste product.
Gaseous exchange
The document discusses the process of gas exchange in the human respiratory system. It involves 3 main steps: 1) ventilation through inspiration and expiration, 2) external respiration where gas exchange occurs between air in the lungs and blood, and 3) internal respiration where gases diffuse between blood and tissues. The main organs involved are the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. In the lungs, gas exchange takes place in the alveoli which are lined with blood capillaries, allowing for diffusion of oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out. Several pulmonary diseases and the effects of smoking on the lungs are also outlined.
Respiration
The document summarizes key aspects of the respiratory system. It discusses that respiration provides oxygen for metabolism and removes carbon dioxide, and also facilitates smell and speech. It describes the functions of external and internal respiration. It outlines the passageways of air from the nasal cavity and pharynx down to the alveoli. It discusses the lungs as the site of gas exchange and pulmonary circulation. It also summarizes control of breathing including local control to maintain ventilation-perfusion ratio and central control through respiratory centers and respiratory reflexes.
Respiration in human beings
Respiration involves two processes - breathing, which is the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and cells, and cellular respiration, which breaks down food inside cells to release energy. In humans, respiration occurs through a respiratory system that filters and transports air through the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli and blood capillaries, facilitating gas exchange between inhaled air and blood. The diaphragm and intercostal muscles control breathing by expanding and contracting the lungs to inhale and exhale air.
Discuss the process of gaseous exchange
Briefly discusses gaseous exchange in mammals, fishes, amphibians, and plants. For Integrated Science Students
Human Respiration
This document discusses respiration and the respiratory system. It begins by defining respiration as the gaseous exchange between organisms and the environment, and describes it as an essential physiological process that provides energy. It then discusses the different types of respiration, including external respiration through lungs in higher animals and internal respiration in cells. The document outlines the respiratory organs found in various organisms like frogs, fish, and humans. It provides details on the mechanism of respiration in humans, including the respiratory passage and gas exchange that occurs in the lungs and tissues. The document also discusses respiratory disorders and amazing facts about the respiratory system.
Gaseous exchange in human
The document discusses the human respiratory system and gas exchange. It describes the major organs involved including the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. It explains the processes of pulmonary ventilation including inspiration and expiration. It discusses oxygen and carbon dioxide transport in the blood and partial pressures of gases in the body. It also covers common respiratory disorders like asthma, pneumonia, and emphysema.
Gas exchange
1) Cells need oxygen for cellular respiration and must remove carbon dioxide as it is a waste product.
2) Gases diffuse across the plasma membrane along concentration gradients. Efficient gas exchange requires a moist, thin membrane with a large surface area.
3) Multi-cellular organisms have specialized structures like lungs and gills to increase surface area and link to transport systems to supply all cells.
AS Level Biology - 9) Gas Exchange
Like Membrane, this is one of the shorter topics with less content to go through. More or less an extension of the mamal transport system, the gas exchange system should still be seen as an individual self-serving/ self-functioning system worthy of its own spotlight.
Ventilation perfusion
This document discusses different types of ventilation in the respiratory system. It defines pulmonary ventilation as the movement of air in and out of the respiratory tract, normally 6 L/minute. Alveolar ventilation is the amount of air used for gas exchange, normally 4.2 L/minute. Dead space is the part of the respiratory tract where no gas exchange occurs, including the anatomical dead space from the nose to terminal bronchioles and the physiological dead space from non-functioning or poorly perfused alveoli. The ventilation-perfusion ratio represents the matching of alveolar ventilation to blood flow for gas exchange.
Respiratory system
The respiratory system takes oxygen into the body through the nose and mouth and transports it via the trachea and bronchi to the lungs. In the lungs, oxygen passes through bronchioles and into alveoli where it is exchanged for carbon dioxide. Red blood cells then carry the oxygen throughout the body and remove carbon dioxide, which is exhaled through the respiratory tract. Key components that aid breathing include the diaphragm and lungs.
6.4 gas exchange
Ventilation is the process of moving air in and out of the lungs to supply oxygen and remove carbon dioxide. Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli where oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse between the blood in capillaries and the air in the alveoli. Cell respiration uses oxygen and produces carbon dioxide as a waste product. A ventilation system with trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli is needed to maintain concentration gradients driving gas exchange. The diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract and relax to change lung volume and pressure, inhaling and exhaling air through the ventilation system.
Exchange of gases 1
Here are short notes on the requested topics:
(1) Gaseous exchange:
Gaseous exchange refers to the transport of oxygen from inhaled air to tissues and carbon dioxide from tissues to exhaled air. It occurs through the process of diffusion which is driven by partial pressure gradients. In the lungs, oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood while carbon dioxide diffuses in the opposite direction. Oxygen is transported to tissues via hemoglobin in red blood cells while carbon dioxide diffuses back to be exhaled.
(2) Ventilation/Perfusion ratio:
The ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) ratio refers to the ratio of ventilation (amount of air entering the lungs) to
Gaseous exchange
Gaseous exchange occurs via respiratory surfaces. In humans, gas exchange occurs in the lungs via a network of airways and alveoli with a large surface area. Breathing is controlled by chemoreceptors in the carotid bodies and medulla that detect changes in oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood and signal the respiratory center to adjust breathing rate and depth. In insects, tracheae deliver oxygen directly to tissues and release of carbon dioxide is facilitated by abdominal movements. Fish rely on gills with thin membranes and a rich blood supply to oxygenate their blood and release carbon dioxide into surrounding water. Plants lack specialized respiratory organs but have structures like leaves, stems, roots and root hairs that increase surface area for gas
Powerpoint respiratory system
Gas exchange surfaces in animals are thin, close to an efficient transport system, and moist to allow for quick gas diffusion while preventing cell death. They also have a large surface area and are well-ventilated to increase the amount of gas that can diffuse simultaneously through breathing movements. The respiratory system contains ciliated and goblet cells - goblet cells produce mucus to trap bacteria on lung surfaces, while cilia beat in a coordinated way to carry mucus and trapped particles away from the lungs.
Respiratory system ppt
This document discusses the human respiratory system and the process of respiration. It describes the major organs of the respiratory system, including the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli. It explains that the respiratory system allows for the intake of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide. The document outlines the two phases of breathing - inspiration and expiration. It also discusses gas exchange that occurs between the blood and alveoli, and lists some common malfunctions and diseases of the respiratory system like asthma, bronchitis, emphysema and pneumonia.
Made by sachin
Respiration is the process by which organisms obtain energy from food. There are two types of respiration: cellular respiration which breaks down food in cells to release energy using oxygen, and anaerobic respiration which breaks food down without oxygen. The document discusses the human respiratory system and process of breathing, noting that air enters through the nostrils and passes through the nasal cavity, windpipe, lungs located in the chest cavity surrounded by ribs, and diaphragm. It also compares the percentages of oxygen and carbon dioxide in inhaled versus exhaled air. Breathing is defined as the part of respiration where an organism inhales oxygen-rich air and exhales carbon dioxide-rich air through inhalation and exhalation.
What's hot (20)
Similar to Breathing
Respiratory System.pptx
These slides will help to build an understanding of the respiratory system for the ordinary levels and the A levels students.
The can also be useful for science enthusiasts at any level.
so feel free to view and download these slides. enjoy.
Ssusume Patrick - Gas exchange lessons 1-3.pdf
Lesson slides for instant use - A level Biology, Gas exchange Part 1 (Ssusume Patrick)
Slides are helpful to students for self study and home revision
01 The Respiratory System
The document summarizes the key components and functions of the respiratory system involved in gas exchange. It describes how the lungs maximize surface area for diffusion through alveoli with thin walls. It also explains how ventilation creates concentration gradients that drive diffusion of oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out of the blood in the lungs.
Respiratory system
The respiratory system begins with the nose, where inhaled air is warmed and moistened before passing through the nasal chambers and pharynx. The pharynx contains tonsils and adenoids that trap microorganisms. Air then travels down the trachea, which divides into the two main bronchi that lead to the lungs. In the lungs, the bronchi continue branching into smaller bronchioles and terminating in alveoli, where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the bloodstream and the lungs through thin alveolar membranes. This document outlines the key structures and functions of the respiratory system from the nose to the alveoli.
Presentation on Organ & Mechanism of Respiration in Pisces And Amphibians
The document discusses the respiratory systems of various organisms. It describes how fish breathe through gills, with water passing over the gill filaments where gas exchange occurs. Amphibians may breathe through gills, lungs, or skin depending on their life stage, with tadpoles using external gills and adult frogs using lungs. The lungs of amphibians are relatively simple sacs that undergo positive pressure breathing by changing the mouth's volume and pressure.
Respiration in animals.
Respiration.
Types of respiration.
Various modes of respiration in animals.
Human respiratory system.
Upper respiratory tract.
Nose.
Pharynx.
Larynx.
Lower respiratory tract.
Trachea.
Bronchi and bronchioles.
Lungs.
Mechanism of respiration.
Exchange of gases.
Functions of respiratory system.
Gas exchange
The document summarizes the process of gas exchange in the human respiratory system. It describes the major organs involved, including the lungs, diaphragm, ribs, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli. It explains how breathing in and out works via the contraction and relaxation of the intercostal muscles and diaphragm. The roles of ciliated cells and mucus in protecting the lungs are also outlined. Finally, it provides details on the composition differences between inspired and expired air.
Gaseous
This document summarizes gaseous exchange and respiration. It discusses how gases are exchanged through diffusion at respiratory surfaces in organisms. These surfaces include skin, lungs, gills and trachea. It then focuses on the specific respiratory system in mammals like humans. It describes the pathway of air from the nose to the alveoli in the lungs, where oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse into and out of blood. Key features that enhance gas exchange efficiency are also outlined, like cilia and mucus in the nasal cavity and thin alveolar walls with many capillaries for diffusion.
Respiratory system
The document provides an overview of the respiratory system, including its anatomy and physiology. It discusses the upper and lower respiratory tract, the structures involved like the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs and their functions. It explains the mechanics of breathing, gas exchange that occurs in the lungs and tissues, and the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood and body. It also discusses the neural control of respiration and factors that can affect breathing and gas transport.
Anatomy Review and S.A.L.T.™ Overview
This document provides an overview of respiratory anatomy and physiology, including the upper and lower airways. It defines key terminology and describes the structures and functions of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli and related components. It also explains the processes of ventilation, which is the mechanical movement of air into and out of the body, and respiration, which encompasses gas exchange and transport through the body. Additionally, it introduces the S.A.L.T. device and provides learning objectives about demonstrating and explaining its use.
The Human Respiratory System
The document provides information about the human respiratory system. It describes the key parts of the respiratory system including the nostrils, nasal cavity, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs and diaphragm. It explains that the respiratory system works to intake oxygen and remove carbon dioxide through the process of breathing, which involves inspiration and expiration achieved through contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm and chest muscles. Gas exchange takes place in the alveoli of the lungs, where oxygen passes into the blood and carbon dioxide passes out.
The human respiratory system ppt.1pptx
The human respiratory system consists of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs, diaphragm and intercostal muscles. Air enters the lungs through the nose and mouth, and passes through the trachea into the bronchi and bronchioles before reaching the alveoli in the lungs. Oxygen and carbon dioxide are passively exchanged between the alveolar air and blood through the process of diffusion. Contraction of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles during inhalation lowers the pressure in the thoracic cavity, drawing air into the lungs. During exhalation, relaxation of these muscles increases pressure and pushes air out.
The human respiratory system
The human respiratory system consists of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs, diaphragm and intercostal muscles. Air enters the body through the nose and travels through the trachea into the lungs. In the lungs, oxygen diffuses into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide diffuses out of the bloodstream and into the air sacs. The diaphragm and intercostal muscles help draw air into and push air out of the lungs during breathing.
LIFE PROCESSES PART- 4.pptx
The document discusses cellular respiration and the human respiratory system. It describes how terrestrial organisms have an advantage over aquatic ones in obtaining oxygen from the air. It explains that in humans, air is brought into the lungs through the nostrils and trachea, and then passes through increasingly smaller bronchioles and alveoli, where gas exchange occurs. Oxygen binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells and is transported throughout the body, while carbon dioxide is transported back to the lungs and exhaled. The process of aerobic cellular respiration uses oxygen to fully break down glucose, producing much more energy than anaerobic respiration which occurs without oxygen.
Breathing and exchange of gases
Respiration involves the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the environment and body through breathing. It is a catabolic process where oxygen is used to oxidize glucose to produce energy in mitochondria. The principal organs of respiration include the nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, and associated muscles. In humans, breathing is driven by the contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles, causing the volume of the thoracic cavity to alternately increase and decrease. This draws air in and out of the lungs, facilitating gas exchange between alveolar air and blood in the pulmonary capillaries via simple diffusion.
Chapter 1 respiration
The human respiratory system consists of the nose, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli. Air enters through the nose and is warmed and filtered before reaching the lungs. In the lungs, oxygen diffuses into the blood in the alveoli and carbon dioxide diffuses out. Oxygen is carried through the bloodstream bound to hemoglobin and is released to tissues where it is used for cellular respiration. Carbon dioxide moves from tissues back to the lungs to be exhaled.
Respiratory Pathway.pptx
The respiratory system has several functions:
1. The nose warms, moistens, and filters air entering the body through nasal hairs and mucus.
2. The pharynx is a passageway shared by the respiratory and digestive systems that leads to the larynx.
3. The larynx, or voice box, prevents food from entering the lungs and produces sounds. It leads to the trachea.
4. The trachea, or windpipe, divides into the left and right bronchi and transports air to the lungs.
Respiratory system
In this ppt, the components of respiratory system, mechanism of breathing and how the regular exercise habits benefits our respiratory system.
Similar to Breathing (20)
Presentation on Organ & Mechanism of Respiration in Pisces And Amphibians
Presentation on Organ & Mechanism of Respiration in Pisces And Amphibians
Recently uploaded
Biological Screening of Herbal Drugs in detailed.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
Presentation required for the master in Education.
The Diamonds of 2023-2024 in the IGRA collection
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)Academy of Science of South Africa
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP Module
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRM
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
clinical examination of hip joint (1).pdf
described clinical examination all orthopeadic conditions .
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective UpskillingExcellence Foundation for South Sudan
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.Top five deadliest dog breeds in America
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
Recently uploaded (20)
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRM
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRM
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
Pride Month Slides 2024 David Douglas School District
Pride Month Slides 2024 David Douglas School District
Breathing
- 1. BREATHING
- 2. CURRICULUM CONTENT 8.3 Gas exchange Core • List the features of gas exchange surfaces in animals • Identify on diagrams and name the larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli and associated capillaries • State the differences in composition between inspired and expired air • Use lime water as a test for carbon dioxide to investigate the differences in composition between inspired and expired air
- 3. • Investigate and describe the effects of physical activity on rate and depth of breathing Supplement • Describe the role of the ribs, the internal and external intercostal muscles and the diaphragm in producing volume and pressure changes leading to the ventilation of the lungs • Explain the role of mucus and cilia in protecting the gas exchange system from pathogens and particles • Explain the link between physical activity and rate and depth of breathing in terms of changes in the rate at which tissues respire and therefore of carbon dioxide concentration and pH in tissues and in the blood
- 5. Trachea: Secretes mucous,traps dust particles and bacteria Cells lining trachea have special hair like structure called cilia,microscopic Cilia beat in upward direction and move mucous towards pharynx Mucous is either swallowed or spit out
- 6. TRACHEA
- 9. INSPIRATION Taking in air External intercostal muscles contract .this causes ribs to swing up and out increasing volume of thorax .front to back The muscles of diaphragm contract ,pulling it flat further increasing the volume of thorax .this time top to bottom Resulting increase in volume of thorax decreases its pressure
- 10. EXPIRATION Breathing out air The external intercostal muscles relax .the ribs swing down and in The diaphragm muscle relax and the diaphragm domes upward again These actions decrease the volume of thoracic cavity
- 11. ADAPTATION OF ALVEOLI Millions of alveoli provide large surface area for gaseous exchange Walls of alveoli are covered with layer of water to dissolve gases The walls are only one cell thick for quick and easy diffusion of gases in solution Richly supplied with capillaries for rapid transport of gases
- 12. ALVEOLI
- 13. ALVEOLI