Breast cancer
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Breast cancer forms in the breast tissue. There are several types including ductal, lobular, and inflammatory breast cancer. Breast cancer is staged based on tumor size and spread. Stage I is a small tumor contained in the breast while stage IV cancer has spread beyond the lymph nodes. Diagnosis involves mammography, breast ultrasound, and biopsy. Treatment options include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and targeted therapies like Herceptin. Chemotherapy can have side effects but works throughout the body to target any cancer cells that may have spread. Alternative medicines may help reduce breast cancer risk or toxicity of standard treatments.
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Cervical cancer arises from the transformation zone of the cervix. Risk factors include HPV infection, early age of first intercourse, multiple sexual partners, and smoking. It typically spreads locally first through direct extension, then can metastasize via lymph nodes or hematogenously to distant sites like lungs and liver. Screening via Pap smears can detect pre-cancerous changes and has reduced cervical cancer rates in developed nations by 75% over 50 years. Vaccination against HPV also prevents infection and future cancer development. Treatment and prognosis depends on the stage, with early localized disease having the best outcomes.
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Breast Carcinoma.
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The most common form of cancer among women
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- 1. Chemotherapy of Breast Cancer Swapna Swapna Chemotherapy of Breast Cancer
- 2. Chemotherapy of Breast Cancer BreastCancer Breast cancer is where cancerous cells are found in the breast tissue. There are several types of breast cancer. Ductal cancer (effects the ducts and also is the most common type) Lobular (which begins in the lobes of the breast and often is found in both breasts) Inflammatory cancer (its where the breast appears swollen and hot) its also very uncommon. Symptoms In early breast cancer, easily self palpated Nipple discharge, may accompanied with axillary LN late breast cancer. Local usually symptomatic depends on metastatic sites . Swapna Chemotherapy of Breast Cancer
- 3. Stages of Breast Cancer Stage I - This stage is where the tumor is less than 1 cm across, and has not spread into the surrounding areas. Stage II - is when the cancer is anywhere from 1-2 cm across, and has spread into the surrounding areas including the lymph nodes (which must also be removed to prevent the further spread of the cancer). Stage III - This is the stage for cancer in the advanced stages. Its more than 2 cm across and has spread to the lymph nodes. A type of cancer most associated with this is called inflammatory breast cancer, because the breast is inflamed because the cancer is blocking the lymph nodes. stage IV - the cancer has spread past the breast and the lymph nodes and needs immediate treatment of chemotherapy and hormonal therapy to keep it under control. Swapna Chemotherapy of Breast Cancer
- 4. Diagnosis Diagnosis tool Mammography Superior in loose(fatty) breast, elder Breast sonography Superior in dense breast, young age Biopsy Incision Excision Cytology Fine-needle aspiration (FNA). Treatment Radiation therapy it is mostly used treatments for breast cancer. Radiation therapy is targeted directly to the specific area and the side effects are limited to the area being treated. It kills all the cells in the effected area. There are two types of radiation, one is administered externally and one internally. External radiation is delivered over a 5-7 weeks and 5 times a week. Internal radiation is where radioactive material is delivered directly into the site. Swapna Chemotherapy of Breast Cancer
- 5. This is usually done at the end of traditional radiation to give it an extra “boost” at the end of treatment. Herceptin introduces the cancer to your immune system, taking a more proactive approach to the cancer by attacking the cancer like any other foreign invader in your body. Herceptin is only effective in certain types of cancer.The side effects include, fever, chills, muscle aches, and nausea. In rare cases (5%) heart trauma occurs which can lead to strokes, and even congestive heart failure. Swapna Chemotherapy of Breast Cancer
- 6. Chemotherapy effects the whole body even if the cancer has not spread. Chemotherapy also reduces your leukocytes, making you more susceptible to every day bugs. The side effects include nausea and, losing all your hair. its also available in pill, and liquid form. As always its your choice and should not be taken lightly. Others ,there are also several alternative medicines that can help to reduce or eliminate breast cancer. CO-Q10 reduces the toxicity of chemotherapy. Swapna Chemotherapy of Breast Cancer