This document discusses obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). It defines OCD as repetitive behaviors or thoughts that someone feels compelled to perform, like excessive hand washing or checking locks. It notes OCD can negatively impact time and cause health issues. BDD involves obsessing over a perceived flaw in one's appearance. The document outlines examples of OCD and BDD behaviors and notes they involve similar areas of the brain. It discusses treatment options like cognitive behavioral therapy and medication.

1. Prashant Sawant
09820408795
www.prashantsawant.com

2. OCD
 OCD : Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
 Feels like doing one particular thing again &
again . Feel uncomfortable if not done.
 Eg Checking the lock , checking the gas
connection, checking the tap, washing hands
again again for non-existent dirt etc
 Has negative impact ( loss of time) on self &
others.
 Eg washing hands again & again can cause
rashes on the hands.
 The patient wants to stop this behavior but he
is helpless.

3. OCD Examples
 Amir Khan type behavior
 Sometimes they take 2 hrs to brush the teeth
 Take hours to get ready
 Sometimes they are obsessed with counting . Wherever they go
, they start counting something or other.
 Eg Gambling , paying cards, overeating . OCD ?
 No. As in OCD , the patient generally doesn’t get happiness.
 OCD patient knows that what he is doing is not normal but can’t
stop it. Hence the patient is always worrying.
 This results in sexual problems.
 50% of OCD male patients have sexual problems.
 37% of OCD male patients can’t perform sexually.
 They get dreams of sexual encounters with known/unknown
people, relatives, small kids, office colleagues, anyone or even
animal also.

4. Schizophrenia
 A deadly disease of mind
 OCD patients know that their behavior is
not normal but are victims.
 Schizophrenia patients feel that they are
getting orders from somewhere outside.
They feel that they are behaving like this
due to the orders of some imaginary/real
person or some institution. They have
no inkling that their behavior is
abnormal.

5. OCD
 OCD ratio is 1:100.
 Contracting OCD during lifetime probability is
1.6 to 2.5 : 100.
 This ratio is as big as diabetes & asthama.
 Unemployed or divorced people are more
prone .
 Generally ,OCD starts in childhood, starts
slowly & then acquires serious complications
in later years .
 Can reduce as one ages.
 On an average OCD people are more
intelligent than normal people.

6. OCD Byproducts
 OCD sometimes comes with depression bouts.
 Some get depressed on knowing about OCD.
 50% patients with OCD + Depression get thoughts of
suicides again & again.
 15% patients attempt suicide.
 Sometimes patients resort to other things to get rid of
OCD eg. Watching TV for 12/14 hrs a day.
 OCD patients have one common thought in their
minds & that is God, Demon or some incurable
disease can create troubles for his near & dear ones.

7. OCD examples
 Having extreme views about religion, sexuality or
aggression.
 Behaving as if possessed by some thought
 Eg One woman used to feel that her husband wants
to poison her, one girl used to feel that she is
pushing her mother from staircase, one girl used to
feel that her boyfriend should die.
 In the above example of girl, the girl used to love
her boyfriend & mother a lot. She used to feel guilty
for her such thoughts. Hence such patients commit
suicide as they cannot stop such thoughts .
 Eg someone thinking about vulgar things on starting
the pooja.
 The patients are unable to control such thoughts.

8. More examples
 Hoarding is a sign of OCD.
 These patients collect newspapers,
magazines, books, note books, rough
pads, paper bags, bottles, old tv
manuals, catalogues, clothes/shoes
since childhood.
 If you give this to kabadiwala, they
become hysterical.

9. OCD
 Brain scan of OCD patients show that
the circuits in stratum area were
different than normal.
 Problems in the brain chemicals like
Serotonin & Dopamine, also lead to
OCD.

10. Functions of brain parts
 Basel Ganglia : Helps us in planning.
 Anterior cingulate gyrus : Gets activated &
helps.
 Orbitofrontal cortex : helps us decide
whether it is right or wrong.
 When we do anything : First we plan,
concentrate & check the morality. If not
morally or ethically correct, we rethink.
 These functions are conducted by above 3
parts by way of connecting/disconnecting
circuits between them.

11. How OCD happens ?
 In OCD, the coordination is a problem
 Basel Ganglia helps us in planning &
asks us to act. Anterior cingulate gyrus
helps us concentrate on the plan. But
orbitofrontal cortex tells you this thing is
wrong. Hence we are back to square
one. Hence the things are repeated
again & again.

12. OCD
 Serotonin has some relation with OCD
or anxiety.
 If level of serotonin goes down, it is
difficult for signal to go from one neuron
to other neuron.

13. Remedy
 OCD patients rarely realize that they have
disease. Rarely visit Dr.
 Cognitive behavior theory : Try to keep
patient free of worry.
 Exposure & ritual prevention : Make them
do things very slowly.
 Medicines can work but have to be
continued.
 Brain operation , last resort : 33% success
 Electric shock for advanced OCD

14. BDD
 Body dismorphic disorder
 Obsessed with some part of their body
 Feel they are handicapped in some way
 In front of mirror always
 Visit Dr unnecessarily
 Feel inferior
 Eg One patient felt his nose is too big.
 Eg I am dark, I am physically not endowed
enough etc

15. BDD research..
 73% skin
 56% hair
 37% nose
 20% eyes
 18% feet
 11% chin
 12% lips

16. BDD has gone up
nowadays
 External beauty is paramount now
 Celebrities are victims :
1. Michel Angello : used to never remove
clothes/shoes. Very irritating. Will walk off
during conversation.
2. Ludwig Beethoven: Deaf.
3. Michael Jackson : more than 30 operations on
face. Never used to remove makeup.
4. David Beckham : Wants all things in straight
line.
5. Leonardo D , Harrison Ford, Cameron Diaz,
Penelope Cruz.

17. OCD & BDD.
 Many similarities
 Similar medicines

18.  Thank you.
 www.prashantsawant.com
 9820408795
 Mumbai, India