This document discusses wireless integrated network sensors (WINS) for border security. WINS were developed in the 1990s by DARPA to allow distributed sensor networks to operate using very low power. The key points are:
1. WINS nodes can detect intrusions using very little power (microwatts), making them cheaper than conventional radar systems.
2. A typical WINS network architecture involves distributed sensor nodes that detect events, process signals locally, communicate with each other, and transmit alerts.
3. WINS applications include environmental monitoring, infrastructure monitoring, and border security due to their low-cost, distributed nature.
A Border security Using Wireless Integrated Network Sensors (WINS)Saurabh Giratkar
Wireless Integrated Network Sensors (WINS) now provide a new monitoring and control capability for monitoring the borders of the country. Using this concept we can easily identify a stranger or some terrorists entering the border. The border area is divided into number of nodes. Each node is in contact with each other and with the main node. The noise produced by the foot-steps of the stranger are collected using the sensor. This sensed signal is then converted into power spectral density and the compared with reference value of our convenience. Accordingly the compared value is processed using a microprocessor, which sends appropriate signals to the main node. Thus the stranger is identified at the main node. A series of interface, signal processing, and communication systems have been implemented in micro power CMOS circuits. A micro power spectrum analyzer has been developed to enable low power operation of the entire WINS system.
A Border security Using Wireless Integrated Network Sensors (WINS)Saurabh Giratkar
Wireless Integrated Network Sensors (WINS) now provide a new monitoring and control capability for monitoring the borders of the country. Using this concept we can easily identify a stranger or some terrorists entering the border. The border area is divided into number of nodes. Each node is in contact with each other and with the main node. The noise produced by the foot-steps of the stranger are collected using the sensor. This sensed signal is then converted into power spectral density and the compared with reference value of our convenience. Accordingly the compared value is processed using a microprocessor, which sends appropriate signals to the main node. Thus the stranger is identified at the main node. A series of interface, signal processing, and communication systems have been implemented in micro power CMOS circuits. A micro power spectrum analyzer has been developed to enable low power operation of the entire WINS system.
A Border security Using Wireless Integrated Network Sensors (WINS)Saurabh Giratkar
Wireless Integrated Network Sensors (WINS) now provide a new monitoring and control capability for monitoring the borders of the country. Using this concept we can easily identify a stranger or some terrorists entering the border. The border area is divided into number of nodes. Each node is in contact with each other and with the main node. The noise produced by the foot-steps of the stranger are collected using the sensor. This sensed signal is then converted into power spectral density and the compared with reference value of our convenience. Accordingly the compared value is processed using a microprocessor, which sends appropriate signals to the main node. Thus the stranger is identified at the main node. A series of interface, signal processing, and communication systems have been implemented in micro power CMOS circuits. A micro power spectrum analyzer has been developed to enable low power operation of the entire WINS system.
A Border security Using Wireless Integrated Network Sensors (WINS)Saurabh Giratkar
Wireless Integrated Network Sensors (WINS) now provide a new monitoring and control capability for monitoring the borders of the country. Using this concept we can easily identify a stranger or some terrorists entering the border. The border area is divided into number of nodes. Each node is in contact with each other and with the main node. The noise produced by the foot-steps of the stranger are collected using the sensor. This sensed signal is then converted into power spectral density and the compared with reference value of our convenience. Accordingly the compared value is processed using a microprocessor, which sends appropriate signals to the main node. Thus the stranger is identified at the main node. A series of interface, signal processing, and communication systems have been implemented in micro power CMOS circuits. A micro power spectrum analyzer has been developed to enable low power operation of the entire WINS system.
WIVI is based on the principle of RADAR and SONAR imaging which works on Doppler’s effect. RADAR is an Object detection system which uses waves to determine the range, altitude, direction or speed of objects.Depends on its own transmitting signal.
With the advancements in wireless technology and digital electronics, some tiny devices have started to be used in numerous areas in daily life. These devices are capable of sensing, computation and communicating. They are generally composed of low power radios, several smart sensors and embedded CPUs (Central Processing Units). These devices are used to form wireless sensor network (WSN) which is necessary to provide sensing services and to monitor environmental conditions. In parallel to WSNs, the idea of internet of things (IoT) is developed where IoT can be defined as an interconnection between identifiable devices within the internet connection in sensing and monitoring processes. This paper presents detailed overview of WSNs. It also assesses the technology and characteristics of WSNs. Moreover, it provides a review of WSN applications and IoT applications.
Underwater Wireless Communication is the wireless communication in which acoustic signals (waves) carry digital information through an underwater channel.
Smart cameras capture high-level descriptions of a scene and perform real-time analysis of what they see. These low-cost, low-power systems push the design space in many dimensions, making them a leading-edge
application for embedded system research.
Accident Detection and Ambulance Triggered Traffic Management SystemsSachin Kumar Asokan
This was a project that I worked on during my undergraduate degree where the main goal was to understand how electrical engineering & technology can impact our daily lives in a resourceful and positive way. This model was picked for a honorable mention in the competition.
WIVI is based on the principle of RADAR and SONAR imaging which works on Doppler’s effect. RADAR is an Object detection system which uses waves to determine the range, altitude, direction or speed of objects.Depends on its own transmitting signal.
With the advancements in wireless technology and digital electronics, some tiny devices have started to be used in numerous areas in daily life. These devices are capable of sensing, computation and communicating. They are generally composed of low power radios, several smart sensors and embedded CPUs (Central Processing Units). These devices are used to form wireless sensor network (WSN) which is necessary to provide sensing services and to monitor environmental conditions. In parallel to WSNs, the idea of internet of things (IoT) is developed where IoT can be defined as an interconnection between identifiable devices within the internet connection in sensing and monitoring processes. This paper presents detailed overview of WSNs. It also assesses the technology and characteristics of WSNs. Moreover, it provides a review of WSN applications and IoT applications.
Underwater Wireless Communication is the wireless communication in which acoustic signals (waves) carry digital information through an underwater channel.
Smart cameras capture high-level descriptions of a scene and perform real-time analysis of what they see. These low-cost, low-power systems push the design space in many dimensions, making them a leading-edge
application for embedded system research.
Accident Detection and Ambulance Triggered Traffic Management SystemsSachin Kumar Asokan
This was a project that I worked on during my undergraduate degree where the main goal was to understand how electrical engineering & technology can impact our daily lives in a resourceful and positive way. This model was picked for a honorable mention in the competition.
Data Security and Data Dissemination of Distributed Data in Wireless Sensor N...IJERA Editor
A data dissemination protocol for wireless sensor networks has been engaged for modifying configuration fields and circulating management controls to the mote. Earlier, a data dissemination protocol faces the henceforth two consequences. First, they are works on sink based model; only the sink can circulate data item to other motes. Such model is not suitable for large user wireless sensor networks. Second, those protocols are not provide with any security and hence intruders will make problems to misuse the network. We provided the seDrip protocol. It allows the network mentors to authorize multiple network uses with various permissions to simultaneously and directly distributed data items to the mote. seDrip is implemented in an laboratory of network restricted resources mote to depict its large capability in practice.
Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks and Its SecurityIJERA Editor
This paper proposes a protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks and its security which are characterized by severely constrained computational and energy resources, and an ad hoc operational environment. The paper first introduces sensor networks, and discusses security issues and goals along with security problems, threats, and risks in sensor networks. It describes crippling attacks against all of them and suggests countermeasures and design considerations. It gives a brief introduction of proposed security protocol SPINS whose building blocks are SNEP and μTESLA which overcome all the important security threats and problems and achieves security goals like data confidentiality, freshness, authentication in order to provide a secure Wireless Sensor Network
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
Analyze and Detect Packet Loss for Data Transmission in WSNIJERA Editor
An emerging technology is Wireless Sensor Network where sensors are deployed at extreme geographical
locations where human intervention is not possible. The data transferred through the sensor nodes are majorly
used in crucial decision making process. Since WSN is a wireless infrastructure it tempts the attackers to
tamper/misuse the data. Privacy-preserving routing is important for some ad hoc networks that require stronger
privacy protection. Hence a routing protocol to achieve total unobservability by anonymous key establishment
using secret session keys and group signature is used. The unobservable routing protocol is divided into two
main phases. First phases define an anonymous key establishment process to construct secret session keys.
Second phase consist of unobservable route discovery process to find appropriate as well as secure route to the
destination. A node establishes a key with its direct neighbour and uses the same key to encrypt the packet
before transferring.
Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
The Single Aisle is the most advanced family aircraft in service today, with fly-by-wire flight controls.
The A318, A319, A320 and A321 are twin-engine subsonic medium range aircraft.
The family offers a choice of engines
3. OVERVIEW
WINS introduction.
Evolution.
Working principle.
System Architecture.
Node Architecture.
Digital Signal Processing.
Applications.
Design Consideration & packaging
Advantages & Disadvantages.
Future Scope.
Conclusion.
Reference.
4. INTRODUCTION OF WINS
WINS:
Require a few microwatt of power to operate
so it is cheaper then the conventional radar
system.
It produce a less amount delay
to detect target and reasonably
faster.
5. EVOLUTION OF WINS
WINS initiated in 1993
under defense advance
Research project agency
(DARPA) IN US.
LWIM program began in1995.
8. WINS NODE ARCHITECTURE
1998 WINS NG developed by the authors: contiguous sensing,
signal processing for even detection local control of actuators,
event classification , communication at low power
1.Event detection is contiguous: micro power levels
2.Event detected =alert process to indentify the event.
3.Further processing
4.Comunication between WINS nodes
10. DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
If a stranger enters the borders , his foot-
steps will generate harmonic signals.
If can be detector as a characteristics feature
in a signal power spectrum.
The spectrum analyzer resolve the WINS
input data into a low resolution power
spectrum .
12. DESIGN CONSIDERATION & PACKAGING
Reliability
Energy: There are four way in which node consume energy
a. Sensing
b. Computation
c. Storing
d. Communicating
13. ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
Advantages:
It avoid hell lot of wiring
It can accommodate new devices at any time
Its flexible to go through physical partition.
It is very cheaper ,faster ,can be accessed in shorter distances ,having
less amount of delay and also power consumption is in the order of
microwatt.
Disadvantages:
Its easy for hackers to hack it as we can’t control propagation of waves.
Comparatively low speed of communication.
Still costly at large.
14. FUTURE SCOPE
To exploit redundancy
To employ more efficient technique for fault
tolerance.
To maximize the life time of sensor nodes.
To provide efficient energy harvesting
techniques.
15. CONCLUSION
Densely distributed sensor networks.
Application specific networking architectures.
Developments platforms are now available.
The network is self monitoring and secure
