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The document discusses improving inclusiveness in trade policy making processes. It presents research on consultative mechanisms and stakeholder participation in Kenya, Malawi, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia. The research developed an Inclusive Trade Policy Making Index to measure inclusiveness. While inclusiveness is improving, not all stakeholders are involved and consultative forums lack mandates. Broadening participation, strengthening mechanisms, linking to outcomes, and addressing regional dimensions can maximize the benefits of inclusive trade policy making.
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![IMPROVING OWNERSHIP OF TRADE POLICY THROUGH INCLUSIVE PROCESSES Presentation to CSEND and CUTS Book Vernissage: “Inter-ministerial Coordination and Stakeholder Consultation of Trade Policy Making” 19 July, 2010 By Rashid S. Kaukab Deputy Director and Research Coordinator, CUTS Geneva Resource Centre [email_address] www.cuts-grc.org](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/bookvernissage-rashidskaukab-110419121343-phpapp02/85/Book-vernissage-rashid-s_kaukab-1-320.jpg)
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This document discusses using personalization and metadata models to provide travel recommendations. It suggests asking family and friends for their travel experiences and recommendations, and harvesting check-in data, photos and comments from social networks like Facebook. The document proposes analyzing this social data using techniques like latent semantic analysis and ANEW to cluster and classify different travel options, then presenting the results through an interactive Facebook application and visualization.
AMERICAN CORPORATE PARTNERS PR WEB RESULTS
A press release distributed in mid-January 2015 to 4,800 online journalists received the most pickups of any release distributed. The release garnered pickup from both TV stations and online print media outlets.
Slidecast Audi
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Opening at BFI Southbank
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Rafa2
The documents are summaries by various students of what they like to do on weekends. Common activities mentioned include playing sports like football with friends, going to museums, listening to music, and hobbies like painting and reading comics. Some students note activities they dislike such as studying, dancing, or the beach. Favorite activities varied between individuals.
Session ii max presentation
The Zambian economy relies heavily on agriculture but agricultural productivity, especially for small-scale farmers, has been declining. As a landlocked country, Zambia also faces challenges in facilitating trade. The study examined factors affecting agricultural productivity and trade facilitation issues. It recommends that the government increase spending on infrastructure, irrigation, and extension services to support small-scale farmers and ensure fairness in agricultural markets. Regional organizations should also reduce barriers to regional agricultural trade to boost productivity and trade.
Rafa
This document contains summaries from several students about what they like to do on weekends. It includes:
- Student names and activities they enjoy like dancing, rollerblading, playing sports, or using computers
- Sometimes what they don't enjoy, like waking up early or disliking certain activities
- Their favorite things to do, which commonly include spending time with friends or going to museums
The summaries are short and include the students' names and one or two activities they like or dislike on weekends.
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A follow up presentation on git with some common problems and a detailed walk through the git workflow.
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The Byzantine Empire lasted from 330-1450 AD and was centered in Constantinople, modern-day Istanbul. Byzantine jewelry used precious and semi-precious stones like gold, silver, pearls, emeralds, and sapphires set in cloisonné enamel or pierced gold work. Christian symbols like crosses and images of Christ, Mary and saints became prominent in Byzantine jewelry starting in the 5th-6th centuries. Typical Byzantine jewelry included long pendants, crescent-shaped earrings and bracelets with central medallions and clasps.
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The document summarizes a presentation on inclusive trade policy making in Tanzania. It discusses Tanzania's key trade consultative mechanisms, challenges stakeholders face in participation, and results from an Inclusive Trade Policy Making Index. The index assessed inclusion of government ministries, private sector, and civil society organizations in trade policy. It found some consultative mechanisms established but irregular functioning, limited stakeholder representation and capacity, and room for more inclusive participation.
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The document summarizes a presentation given on inclusive trade policy making in Uganda. It discusses Uganda's key consultative mechanisms for trade policy, challenges to stakeholder participation as viewed by different groups, and presents results from an Inclusive Trade Policy Making Index. The index shows that while several consultative mechanisms exist in Uganda, they lack legal mandates and resources and function irregularly. Stakeholder participation needs to be improved to ensure all groups are represented and have equal opportunities to engage. Remaining challenges relate to limited capacities, institutional issues, and lack of trust between some stakeholders.
The role of international business in aid for trade
The role of multinational business in trade has always been very important—large firms account for the majority of international trade flows, and many if not most of these large firms will have establishments in multiple countries. These firms, obviously, are not in the development assistance business (although they may be contracted by governments to implement projects financed by Aid for Trade). This does not mean, however, that private companies do not contribute to building trade capacity in developing countries. To the contrary, many enterprises that have established operations in developing countries or that trade with developing countries make a major contribution to economic upgrading and local capacity building. Such activities are not captured by the term AFT – nor would it qualify as AFT – because the origin of the funds is private and the objective is generally to benefit/support the associated investments/operations. It nonetheless serves the same purpose. Indeed, it may have
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The document summarizes the findings of a study on inclusive trade policy making processes in five African countries: Kenya, Malawi, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia. It identifies the main stakeholders in trade policy making as government ministries, other relevant government agencies, the private sector, and civil society organizations. It also describes the various consultative mechanisms used by the different countries and analyzes challenges to participation faced by each stakeholder group. Finally, it introduces an Inclusive Trade Policy Making Index developed to measure inclusiveness of trade policy processes.
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--------
This policy series has been funded by the Australian Government through the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. The views expressed in this publication are the author’s alone and are not necessarily the views of the Australian Government.
Zambia presentation3
This document outlines the roles and means of participation of various stakeholders in Zambia's trade policy formulation process. It discusses national level stakeholders like various ministries and private sector groups, regional stakeholders like SADC and COMESA, multilateral organizations like the WTO, and bilateral partners like the European Commission. It notes that while stakeholder participation has increased, it could still be improved through greater political will, more informed contributions from stakeholders, better coordination, and ensuring preferential access is equitably distributed to maintain private sector engagement.
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The document summarizes key findings from studies conducted in 5 African countries (Malawi, Uganda, Zambia, Kenya and Tanzania) on linking trade and agriculture for inclusive development. Some main points are:
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The document discusses agricultural development and trade issues in Uganda. It finds that while Uganda's GDP growth has been high, agricultural productivity has declined in recent decades due to factors like lack of improved inputs, animal and plant diseases, and unreliable weather. Uganda is also landlocked, relying on neighbors for trade, but this poses challenges like high transportation costs and delays. The document recommends that Uganda prioritize improving agricultural productivity through investment, research, and adoption of new technologies. It also suggests improving trade facilitation through regional agreements and infrastructure development to address challenges of being landlocked.
Session iii monica presentation
Regional trade in agriculture within the East African Community (EAC) has implications for food security and rural livelihoods in Tanzania. While trade among EAC members has increased, Tanzania's share of imports has declined. Tanzania exports more agricultural products like maize, rice, and beans to Kenya than it imports, but imports more foodstuffs overall due to poor infrastructure. Expanding cross-border trade could help address food insecurity by increasing market access and reducing prices, but Tanzania must also improve agricultural production, infrastructure, and policies to strengthen food security and rural development.
Session ii lawrence presentation
This document summarizes a study on the linkages between agricultural productivity, trade, and rural livelihoods in Malawi. It finds that while agricultural productivity has increased due to government interventions, constraints like high costs, low adoption rates, and poor infrastructure continue to challenge the sector. As a landlocked country, Malawi faces high transportation costs that reduce the competitiveness of its exports. The document recommends improving transportation infrastructure, facilitating regional trade, promoting irrigation and mechanization, and supporting research to develop competitive agricultural commodities and markets.
Session iii gloria presentation
Regional trade is important for Kenya's food security. Trade agreements with COMESA and EAC countries allow Kenya to import staple foods like maize when facing deficits, which helps stabilize food prices and supplies. However, cheap food imports also act as a disincentive for domestic production. Overall, regional trade benefits consumers through lower food prices but hurts producers and farm laborers by reducing incomes. Kenya requires policies to better redistribute food surpluses, improve infrastructure to reduce trade barriers, and support domestic agriculture.
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This document provides an overview of the Geneva Resource Centre presentation by Julian Mukiibi. The presentation outlines the context, objectives, implementation activities and milestones, performance indicators, and challenges of the FEAD project. The objectives are to develop an enabling environment for private sector agriculture and strengthen networks between stakeholders. Implementation includes research in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda, along with advocacy events in those countries and in Geneva. Milestones include completing policy briefs and advocacy dialogues. Challenges include timely delivery and ensuring stakeholder engagement, but the project aims to be sustainable and replicated in other countries.
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This document summarizes the development and application of the Inclusive Trade Policy Making Index (ITPMI). The ITPMI was first applied in 2009 to assess the inclusiveness of trade policymaking processes in five countries. It analyzed participation of key actors like government ministries, private sector, and civil society organizations. Based on lessons from 2009, the ITPMI questionnaire was improved for a 2010 survey. Factor analysis of 2010 results validated the conceptual framework and identified three dimensions of governance, participation, and representation. Going forward, the ITPMI aims to strengthen methodology, expand its database, and use it to promote more inclusive development approaches beyond trade policy or specific countries.
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1) The document discusses regional trade in agriculture within the East African Community (EAC) and its implications for food security and rural livelihoods in Tanzania.
2) It finds that while trade among EAC members has increased, Tanzania's share of imports has declined. However, Tanzania's exports to the EAC, particularly Kenya, have increased significantly.
3) The document analyzes how cross-border agricultural trade can both positively and negatively impact food security and rural livelihoods in Tanzania. Expanding markets and employment opportunities can improve conditions, but trade barriers and price volatility pose challenges.
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The document outlines the objectives, methods, and data sources for a study on the linkages between agricultural productivity, rural livelihoods, and trade in agriculture and trade facilitation in Zambia. The study aims to analyze trends in agricultural productivity, trade, and livelihoods in Zambia. It will employ primary and secondary data sources including interviews with stakeholders and a case study of a selected district. The conclusions will combine data sources and include recommendations.
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The document summarizes a study on the implications of trade in agriculture within the East African Community (EAC) on food security and rural livelihoods in Tanzania. Specifically, it aims to analyze trends in regional agricultural trade and their relationship to food security and rural incomes in Tanzania. The study will use statistical analysis of secondary data from government sources as well as primary data from stakeholders to address these objectives and provide recommendations for policymakers, regional partners, and other target groups.
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The document discusses challenges in aid, development finance, and global economic governance in light of the global financial crisis. It notes new challenges for aid donors due to budget pressures and changing priorities around issues like global public goods. It also discusses how emerging markets and decisions by the G20, such as on exchange rates and fiscal policy, have major effects on low-income countries and least developed countries, but that these countries have little voice in forums like the G20. It argues the G20 should improve links to the private sector and formally consider issues facing low-income countries, including potentially giving them seats at the G20 table, to better account for the development impacts of their policies.
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The document summarizes key findings from a study on agricultural productivity, rural livelihoods, and trade in Zambia. It finds that while agriculture contributes significantly to Zambia's GDP and employment, productivity among small-scale farmers is below regional levels due to various constraints. These include lack of infrastructure, inputs, financing, and market access. The government is working to address these challenges and facilitate regional trade through various policy reforms and initiatives. However, more efforts are still needed to improve agricultural productivity and trade to reduce widespread rural poverty in Zambia.
Zambia nd2010 ppt-mudenda
The document summarizes key information about agriculture in Zambia including:
1) Agriculture contributes significantly to Zambia's economy through GDP, employment, and exports but productivity is low, especially for small-scale farmers.
2) Poverty is high in rural areas where most people depend on agriculture for their livelihoods. Improving productivity and trade could help reduce poverty.
3) Zambia has undertaken reforms and trade agreements to facilitate agricultural trade but infrastructure and policy inconsistencies remain challenges, particularly for small-scale farmers and trade corridors.
Zambia presentation4
CSOs play an important role in national trade policy making according to the document. The Cotonou Partnership Agreement recognizes the role of CSOs and requires that they be informed, consulted, and involved in cooperation policies and strategies. It also provides financial resources and capacity building support to help CSOs engage in the policy process. The key strategies CSOs use to influence trade policy include research, advocacy, capacity building, and awareness raising. The document also notes that while the private sector plays an advisory role, CSOs play a major role in shaping the trade policy process and ensuring transparency.
Zambia presentation1
The document discusses the role of Zambia's Ministry of Commerce, Trade and Industry (MCTI) in the country's trade policymaking process. It outlines that MCTI is recognized as the custodian of trade policy in Zambia. The MCTI has been consulted on trade policy changes at both the regional and international levels through its participation in organizations like COMESA, SADC, and the WTO. Domestically, the MCTI initiates and concludes changes to Zambia's trade policy and consults with stakeholders through the National Working Group on Trade.
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Uganda presentation3
Research organizations play an important role in national trade policymaking by carrying out independent research to guide policy development and implementation. They provide analysis of ongoing trade processes and policy options. In Uganda, research organizations input into trade policy documents and support trade negotiations. They produce quick response analyses that outline details of trade liberalization schedules, including the timeframe, value, and percentage of tariff lines liberalized for various goods. However, these organizations face challenges such maintaining credibility, remaining ideologically neutral, obtaining untied financing, and recruiting and retaining qualified researchers.
Uganda presentation2
The document summarizes the role of the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry & Fisheries (MAAIF) in Uganda's trade policy making process. MAAIF's key responsibilities relate to supporting agricultural production but it has limited involvement in trade policy discussions. It currently has only one representative in the trade policy committee, which MAAIF views as insufficient given agriculture's importance to Uganda's economy and trade. MAAIF faces challenges providing input and would like greater representation in trade discussions. Coordination between Uganda's institutions involved in trade matters also needs improvement.
Uganda presentation1
The document summarizes the process of developing Uganda's National Trade Policy. It describes how a consultant was hired to write a background document examining existing trade policies and stakeholder views. A drafting team then developed a draft policy which underwent stakeholder consultations and revisions. The final policy aims to use trade to reduce poverty and supports private sector competitiveness and productive sectors domestically and internationally. It analyzes Uganda's trade situation and barriers and emphasizes trade linkages and complementarities with other policies.
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Book vernissage rashid-s_kaukab
- 1. IMPROVING OWNERSHIP OF TRADE POLICY THROUGH INCLUSIVE PROCESSES Presentation to CSEND and CUTS Book Vernissage: “Inter-ministerial Coordination and Stakeholder Consultation of Trade Policy Making” 19 July, 2010 By Rashid S. Kaukab Deputy Director and Research Coordinator, CUTS Geneva Resource Centre [email_address] www.cuts-grc.org
- 4. II. TRADE POLICY FOR DEVELOPMENT: MAIN STAKEHOLDERS Features of an Inclusive Trade Policy Key Elements of Inclusive Trade Policy Making Process Relevant Stakeholders Based on national development policy Clear guidance/directions from national development policy makers National development policy makers (e.g., President’s Office, Ministry for Planning and Development, parliament, etc) Linked with other governmental policies Timely inputs and feedback from other government ministries/departments Other relevant government ministries/departments (e.g., those dealing with agriculture, employment and labour,, competition, etc.) Linked with international commitments (to implement the commitments as well as to guide the positions regarding future possible commitments) Timely inputs and feedback from relevant ministries and negotiators Relevant ministries (e.g., Ministry of Foreign Affairs, etc.) and negotiators (e.g., dealing with the WTO and EPA negotiations) Balancing the interests of all key stakeholders Regular inputs and feedback from key non-state stakeholders Key non-state actors (e.g., representatives of the private sector, farmers, consumers, and the civil society) Clear implementation plan with adequate resources Articulation of implementation plan and commitment of required resources Relevant government ministries (e.g., Ministries of Trade, Finance, Planning) and donors (multilateral and bilateral)
- 6. II. TRADE POLICY FOR DEVELOPMENT: CONSULTATIVE MECHANISMS Mandate/Membership Multi-stakeholder Public-Private sectors Only governmental Multiple issues including trade Uganda ACF Kenya JICCC Malawi PPD Tanzania NBC Uganda PEC Kenya IMCs Malawi IMCs Tanzania IMTC, Zambia SCS All trade issues Malawi NWGTP Uganda IITC Zambia NWGT Zambia TEWG Kenya Cabinet sub-committee on trade Specific trade Negotiations Kenya NCWTO Kenya NDTPF Malawi NDTPF Tanzania NETT Uganda NDTPF
- 10. IV. MEASURING INCLUSIVENESS: THE INCLUSIVE TRADE POLICY MAKING (ITPM) INDEX ITPM Action Variable KENYA MALAWI TANZANIA UGANDA ZAMBIA Part I. Ministry responsible for Trade A. Identification of all key stakeholders 0.75 0.50 0.50 0.75 0.75 B. Creating awareness about the need for trade policy 0.75 0.50 0.50 0.25 0.75 C. Establishment of formal consultative mechanisms 0.75 1.00 0.75 1.00 1.00 D. Functioning of formal consultative mechanisms 0.75 0.75 0.50 0.50 0.75 E. Regular information flow to the stakeholders including on the content of trade policy 0.50 0.50 0.25 0.25 0.50 Part I Score 3.50/5.00 3.25/5.00 2.50/5.0 2.75/5.00 3.75/5.00
- 11. IV. MEASURING INCLUSIVENESS: THE INCLUSIVE TRADE POLICY MAKING (ITPM) INDEX ITPM Action Variable KENYA MALAWI TANZANIA UGANDA ZAMBIA Part II. Other relevant government ministries/agencies F. Regular participation in the process and feedback to the relevant authorities 1.00 0.75 0.50 0.75 0.75 G. Faithful representation of and regular feedback to the represented constituencies 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 H. Acquiring relevant knowledge and expertise 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 Part II Score 2.00/3.00 1.75/3.00 1.50/3.00 1.75/3.0 1.75/3.00 Part III. Private sector and business umbrella organizations I. Regular participation in the process and feedback to the relevant authorities 1.00 1.00 0.75 1.00 1.00 J. Faithful representation of and regular feedback to the represented constituencies 0.50 0.75 0.75 0.50 0.50 K. Acquiring relevant knowledge and expertise 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 Part III Score 2.00/3.00 2.25/3.0 2.00/3.00 2.00/3.00 2.00/3.00
- 12. IV. MEASURING INCLUSIVENESS: THE INCLUSIVE TRADE POLICY MAKING (ITPM) INDEX ITPM Action Variable KENYA MALAWI TANZANIA UGANDA ZAMBIA Part IV. Civil society organizations L. Regular participation in the process and feedback to the relevant authorities 0.75 0.25 0.50 0.25 1.00 M. Faithful representation of and regular feedback to the represented constituencies 0.75 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 N. Acquiring relevant knowledge and expertise 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.75 0.50 Part IV Score 2.00/3.00 1.25/3.00 1.50/3.00 1.75/3.00 2.00/3.00 ITPM Index Score 9.50/14.0 8.50/14.00 7.50/14.00 8.25/14.00 9.50/14.00