Bony anatomy.

1. Bony anatomy
–Tibia
•Medial mallelous
–Fibula
•Lateral mallelous
–Talus
–Calcaneous

3. Soft Tissue Anatomy
–Ligaments
•Lateral aspect
–Anterior tibiofibular
–Posterior tibiofibular
–Anterior talofibular
–Posterior talofibular
–Calcaneofibular

4. –Medial aspect
• deltoid
–Tendons
• Achilles
• Peroneus longus
• Peroneus brevis
• Anterior tibialis
• Tibialis posterior
• Flexor digitorium
• Flexor hallicus longus

5. –Muscles
•Gastrocnemius
•Soleus
•Tibialis anterior
•Tibialis posterior
•Flexor digitorium longus
•Flexor hallicus longus
•Peroneus longus
•Peroneus brevis

7. Muscles That Move the Leg (Table
8.13, p.198)
• These muscles connect the tibia or fibula to
the femur or pelvic girdle.
• The muscles either flex or extend the knee.
• The muscles include the hamstring group and
the quadriceps femoris group.

8. superficial/
calf:
gastrocnemius,
soleus,
plantaris

9. Gastrocnemius -is a very powerful superficial
muscle .It runs from its two heads just above
the knee to the heel, and is involved in
standing, walking, running and jumping. Along
with the soleus muscle it forms the calf
muscle.
Its function is plantar flexing the foot at
the ankle joint and flexing the leg at the knee

10. . The Lateral Head originates from the
Lateral Condyle of the femur, while the
Medial Head originates from the Medial
Condyle of the femur. Its other end forms a
common tendon with the soleus muscle;
this tendon is known as the calcaneal
tendon or Achilles Tendon and inserts onto
the posterior surface of the calcaneus, or
mountain bone.

11. soleus
• the soleus is a powerful muscle in the back
part of the lower leg (the calf). It runs from
just below the knee to the heel, and is
involved in standing and walking. It is closely
connected to the gastrocnemius muscle.

13. NERVE SUPPLY

15. Tibial nerve
• The tibial nerve is a branch of
the sciatic nerve. The tibial
nerve passes through the
popliteal fossa to pass below
the arch of soleus.
• In the popliteal fossa the nerve
gives off branches to
gastrocnemius, popliteus,
soleus and plantaris muscles,
an articular branch to the knee
joint, and a cutaneous branch
that will become the sural
nerve. The sural nerve is joined
by fibres from the common
fibular nerve and runs down
the calf to supply the lateral

16. • Lateral plantar nerve
• The lateral plantar nerve supplies
quadratus plantae, flexor digiti minimi,
adductor hallucis, the interossei, three
lumbricals. and abductor digiti minimi.
Cutaneous innervation is to the lateral
sole and lateral one and one half toes

17. BLOOD SUPPLY

18. posterior tibial artery
• The posterior tibial artery –it
is the large terminal branch
of popliteal artery begins at
the lower border of the
Popliteus, opposite the
interval between the tibia
and fibula; it extends
obliquely downward, and, as
it descends, it approaches
the tibial side of the leg,
lying behind the tibia,
•
.

19. • and in the lower part of its course is
situated midway between the medial
malleolus and the medial process of the
calcaneal tuberosity. Here it divides
beneath the origin of the Adductor
hallucis into the medial and lateral
plantar arteries.

20. peroneal artery
• In anatomy, the
fibular artery (also
known as the
peroneal artery)
supplies blood to
the lateral
compartment of the
leg and is typically a
branch of posterior
tibial artery