Bode plot.pptx
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Bode plot is a graph of the frequency response of a system. It is usually a combination of a Bode magnitude plot, expressing the magnitude of the frequency response, and a Bode phase plot, expressing the phase shift.
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BODE PLOT.pptx
Bode plots provide a graphical representation of a system's frequency response by plotting magnitude and phase response against frequency. They are useful engineering tools for analyzing and designing control systems. The key aspects shown are magnitude response in dB, phase response in degrees, corner frequencies, bandwidth, gain margin, phase margin, and stability. An example Bode plot is given for a simple low-pass filter.
BODE PLOT.pptx
Bode plots provide a graphical representation of a system's frequency response by plotting magnitude and phase response against frequency. They are useful engineering tools for analyzing and designing control systems. Key features like gain and phase margin, bandwidth, resonance frequencies, and stability can be determined from a system's Bode plots. An example Bode plot is shown for a simple low-pass filter.
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BODE PLOT.pptx
Bode plots provide a graphical representation of a system's frequency response by plotting magnitude and phase response against frequency. They are useful engineering tools for analyzing and designing control systems. The key aspects shown are magnitude response in dB, phase response in degrees, corner frequencies, bandwidth, gain margin, phase margin, and stability. An example Bode plot is given for a simple low-pass filter.
BODE PLOT.pptx
Bode plots provide a graphical representation of a system's frequency response by plotting magnitude and phase response against frequency. They are useful engineering tools for analyzing and designing control systems. Key features like gain and phase margin, bandwidth, resonance frequencies, and stability can be determined from a system's Bode plots. An example Bode plot is shown for a simple low-pass filter.
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Design and optimization of ion propulsion drone
Electric propulsion technology is widely used in many kinds of vehicles in recent years, and aircrafts are no exception. Technically, UAVs are electrically propelled but tend to produce a significant amount of noise and vibrations. Ion propulsion technology for drones is a potential solution to this problem. Ion propulsion technology is proven to be feasible in the earth’s atmosphere. The study presented in this article shows the design of EHD thrusters and power supply for ion propulsion drones along with performance optimization of high-voltage power supply for endurance in earth’s atmosphere.
22CYT12-Unit-V-E Waste and its Management.ppt
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
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- 2. • The response of the system when a sinusoidal input is provided to it. is the frequency response. • If a sinusoidal signal is applied as an input to a Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) system, then it produces the steady state output, which is also a sinusoidal signal. • The input and output sinusoidal signals have the same frequency, but different amplitudes and phase angles. Frequency response
- 3. • Let us consider a stable LTI causal SISO dynamic system whose transfer function is P(s). 𝑌(𝑠) = 𝑃(𝑠)𝑈(𝑠) • Let us consider an input sinusoidal function as: 𝑈 𝑡 = 𝑈0𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜔𝑡 = 𝑈0𝜔 𝑠2+𝜔2
- 4. • i.e All the poles of P(s) lies in the left half plane
- 5. • Representation of Sinusoidal transfer function: putting s=𝑗𝜔 • Steady state output equation: • If we give sinusoidal input of frequency 𝜔 then, • The steady state output will be sinusoidal signal of the same frequency as that of the input, but scaled in magnitude by and shifted in phase by • Both magnitude and phase depend upon 𝜔 • This is a property of Linear time invariant system.
- 6. How we get P(𝑗𝜔)
- 7. • P(j𝜔) is a complex valued function how would we visualize it when 𝜔 is varied? • With the help of the following plotting methods
- 8. BODE PLOT We use logarithmic scale for plotting bode plots instead of linear scale 1. It can cover wide range of frequencies 2. Low frequency range can be expanded 3. Product and ratio can easily be converted into addition and subtraction.
- 11. Building blocks of a Transfer Function Factors which make a transfer function in numerator and denominator • Constant ( k ) • Integral (1/s) • Derivative term (s) • First order term (1/Ts+1) • First order term (Ts+1) Let them plot individually:
- 12. . 1. Bode Plot of Constant (K) Magnitude plot Phase plot
- 13. • 2. Bode Plot of Integral Term (1/s) Magnitude plot Phase plot Put w=0.1, 1 , 10
- 14. • 3. Bode plot of Derivative Term (s)
- 15. 4. Bode plot of First order ( 1 Ts+1 ) • Log of 1 to the base 10=0 conjugate
- 16. •
- 18. •
- 20. Phase plot •
- 21. 5 •
- 29. How to add them? • At w=0.1 plot of (0.1) and (S)= -40db • At w=1 plot of (0.1) and (S)= -20db • At w=1 plot of (1/s+1) starts contributing • At w=10 plot of (1/0.1s+1) starts contributing