The black-capped chickadee is a small passerine bird that is 12.3-14.6 cm long and weighs 10-14 grams. It has a black cap and bib with white sides on its face, gray back and lighter gray tail and wings, and usually tan sides. The chickadee reproduces sexually, with females building nests 1-7 meters high and laying clutches of 6-8 white eggs with reddish brown dots over 11-14 day incubation periods in April through June. To withstand cold winters, chickadees fluff their feathers to insulate themselves and do not hibernate.