The document provides an overview of biometric technologies used for identity authentication, detailing various methods such as fingerprint, iris, and facial scans, along with their accuracy metrics and security benefits. It discusses bioprivacy concerns and presents a framework for responsible data management, emphasizing the need for user control and data protection. Finally, it highlights the primary drivers for biometric adoption, including technological advancements and increased public awareness.

1. ByBy
SATHISHKUMAR GSATHISHKUMAR G
(sathishsak111@gmail.com)(sathishsak111@gmail.com)
BiometricsBiometrics

2. BiometricsBiometrics
AgendaAgenda
I.I. Biometric OverviewBiometric Overview
II.II. Biometric TechnologiesBiometric Technologies
III.III. Accuracy MetricsAccuracy Metrics
IV.IV. BioPrivacy ConcernsBioPrivacy Concerns

3. 33
BiometricsBiometrics
Definition:Definition:
““Automated measurementAutomated measurement ofof Physiological and/or behavioral characteristicsPhysiological and/or behavioral characteristics
toto determine or authenticate identitydetermine or authenticate identity”.”.
““Automated measurementAutomated measurement””
No human involvement.No human involvement.
Comparison takes place in Real-Time.Comparison takes place in Real-Time.
DNA is not a BiometricDNA is not a Biometric

4. BiometricsBiometrics
““Physiological and/or behavioral characteristicsPhysiological and/or behavioral characteristics ““
 Behavioral:Behavioral:
 User speaks.User speaks.
 Types on a keyboard.Types on a keyboard.
 Signs name.Signs name.
 Physiological:Physiological:
 FingerprintFingerprint
 HandHand
 EyesEyes
 FaceFace

5. BiometricsBiometrics
““determine or authenticate identitydetermine or authenticate identity ””
 Identification Systems:Identification Systems:
 Who am I?Who am I?
 Determine IdentityDetermine Identity
 Verification Systems:Verification Systems:
 Am I who I claim to be?Am I who I claim to be?
 Authenticate IdentityAuthenticate Identity

6. BiometricsBiometrics
““determine or authenticate identitydetermine or authenticate identity ””
Verification Systems (cont):Verification Systems (cont):
 More accurate.More accurate.
 Less expensive.Less expensive.
 Faster.Faster.
 More limited in function.More limited in function.
 Requires more effort by user.Requires more effort by user.

7. BiometricsBiometrics
Benefits:Benefits:
 SecuritySecurity
 PC, Network, WebPC, Network, Web
 Physical access to Buildings/Rooms.Physical access to Buildings/Rooms.
 AccountabilityAccountability
 Audit TrailsAudit Trails
 RecordkeepingRecordkeeping
 ConvenienceConvenience
 SavingsSavings

8. BiometricsBiometrics
Primary drivers:Primary drivers:
 Size and cost decreased.Size and cost decreased.
 Improved FAR, FRR & FTEImproved FAR, FRR & FTE
 Mature standardsMature standards
 Bio APIBio API
 BAPIBAPI
 Public awarenessPublic awareness

9. 99
BiometricsBiometrics
 Identification and verification:Identification and verification:
 Finger scanFinger scan
 Iris scanIris scan
 Retina scanRetina scan
 Facial scan (optical and infrared)Facial scan (optical and infrared)
 Verification only:Verification only:
 Hand GeometryHand Geometry
 Voice PrintVoice Print
 Keystroke BehaviorKeystroke Behavior
 SignatureSignature
 Other Biometric Technologies in the making.Other Biometric Technologies in the making.

10. 1010
BiometricsBiometrics
Finger scan:Finger scan:
Measures unique characteristics in a fingerprint (minutiae)Measures unique characteristics in a fingerprint (minutiae)
 CrossoverCrossover
 CoreCore
 BifurcationsBifurcations
 Ridge endingRidge ending
 IslandIsland
 DeltaDelta
 PorePore

11. 1111
BiometricsBiometrics
Iris scan:Iris scan:
Measures unique characteristics of the irisMeasures unique characteristics of the iris
 Ridges (rings)Ridges (rings)
 FurrowsFurrows
 Striations (freckles)Striations (freckles)

12. 1212
BiometricsBiometrics
Retina scan:Retina scan:
Measures unique characteristics of the retina.Measures unique characteristics of the retina.
 Blood vessel patternsBlood vessel patterns
 Vein patternsVein patterns

13. 1313
BiometricsBiometrics
Facial scan:Facial scan:
Uses off-the-shelf camera to measure the following facial features:Uses off-the-shelf camera to measure the following facial features:
 Distance between the eyes.Distance between the eyes.
 Distance between the eyes and nose ridge.Distance between the eyes and nose ridge.
 Angle of a cheek.Angle of a cheek.
 Slope of the nose.Slope of the nose.
 FacialFacial
 Temperatures.Temperatures.

14. 1414
BiometricsBiometrics
Hand scan:Hand scan:
measures the top and side of the hand, not the Palm.measures the top and side of the hand, not the Palm.
 Hand Geometry.Hand Geometry.
 Most widely used technique for physical access.Most widely used technique for physical access.
 INS pass systemINS pass system

15. 1515
BiometricsBiometrics
Voice scan:Voice scan:
Measures the sound waves of human speech.Measures the sound waves of human speech.
 user talks to a microphone a passphrase.user talks to a microphone a passphrase.
 Voice print is compared to a previous one.Voice print is compared to a previous one.

16. 1616
BiometricsBiometrics
Keystroke scan: Measures the time between strokes and duration of keyKeystroke scan: Measures the time between strokes and duration of key
pressed.pressed.
 Most commonly used in systems where keyboard is already beingMost commonly used in systems where keyboard is already being
used.used.

17. 1717
BiometricsBiometrics
 False Acceptance Rate (FAR)False Acceptance Rate (FAR)
 False Rejection Rate (FRR)False Rejection Rate (FRR)
 Failure To Enroll Rate (FTE)Failure To Enroll Rate (FTE)
 Ability To Verify (AVT)Ability To Verify (AVT)
 AVT = (1 - FTE)(1 - FRR)AVT = (1 - FTE)(1 - FRR)

18. 1818
BiometricsBiometrics
 Informational privacy concerns:Informational privacy concerns:
 MisuseMisuse
 Addressed by:Addressed by:
 System DesignSystem Design
 Careful AuditCareful Audit
 Personal privacy concernsPersonal privacy concerns
 cultural or religious beliefscultural or religious beliefs

19. 1919
BiometricsBiometrics
Bioprivacy Framework (25 best practices)Bioprivacy Framework (25 best practices)
 Scope & CapabilitiesScope & Capabilities
 Data ProtectionData Protection
 User Control of Personal DataUser Control of Personal Data
 disclosure, auditing and accountability.disclosure, auditing and accountability.

20. 2020
CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION
 Scope & Capabilities:Scope & Capabilities:
 Limit system scope.Limit system scope.
 Limit storage of identifiable biometric data.Limit storage of identifiable biometric data.
 Data Protection:Data Protection:
 Security Tools:Security Tools:
 EncryptionEncryption
 private networksprivate networks
 secure facilitiessecure facilities
 Limited System AccessLimited System Access

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CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION
 User Control of Personal Data :User Control of Personal Data :
 Allow user un-enrollment (voluntarily)Allow user un-enrollment (voluntarily)
 Allow user view, correct and update dataAllow user view, correct and update data
 Disclosure, Auditing and Accountability:Disclosure, Auditing and Accountability:
 Explain system purposeExplain system purpose
 Third party auditingThird party auditing

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