Best Seminar !

1. Presented By:
SAGAR DEOKATE
KIRAN WANGIKAR

2. CONTENTS
Biometrics Overview
Need of Biometrics
Working Principal
Physical Modes
Behavioral Modes
Applications
Benefits
Concern
Conclusion

3. Biometrics Overview
Definition:
 Automated methods of identifying or verifying the identity of a
person based on a physiological or behavioral characteristic
 Better than traditional method.
 Physical:
 Fingerprint
 Facial Recognition
 Hand Geometry
 Iris Scan
 Retinal Scan
 DNA
 Behavioral:
 Speaker Recognition
 Signature Recognition

4. NEED
Traditional methods have some flaws
To secure access to building, computer system,
laptop, phone, ATM, bank account, & many more.
For security & reduce financial fraud.
To prevent fraudulent acts like faking ID badges or
licenses.
Types of biometric:
1. single model biometric system.
2. multi model biometric system.

5. WORKING PRINCIPAL
1.Enrollment
 Adding biometric information to data file.
2.Input Device
 Sensors, cameras etc
3. Comparison with the database.
4. Decision

6. WORKING

7. Biometrics Overview
Ways to recognize a person:
Verification
 Matching against a single record.
 It is 1:1 matching
Identification
 Matching against all record in the database.
 It is 1:N matching.

8. Error and Accuracy
2 types of errors:
False rejection: When an actual client gets identified as
imposter.
False acceptance: When an actual imposter gets identified as
client.
Accuracy:
FRR =number of false rejections/number of client accesses
FAR = number of false acceptance/number of client accesses
TER=(no of FA+no of FR)/total no accesses.

9. PHYSICAL MODES
o Fingerprint
o Facial Recognition
o Hand Geometry
o Iris Scan
o Retinal Scan
o DNA

10. Fingerprint
Typical System: fingerprint scanner maps the
series of whorls, ridges, furrows and minutiae on
the surface of the finger
Optical sensor and Solid State sensor are used.

11. Fingerprint structure

12. FACIAL RECOGNITION
Typical system: digital video camera input of a
person’s face images- measures facial structure;
compares against database
2 Methods:
Face geometry
Facial thermograph: uses infrared heat scans to identify
facial characteristics.

13. HAND GEOMETRY
Analyses and computes features like length and
width of finger, ratio of palm or fingers, width and
thickness of the palm.
Basic procedure involves taking images of top and
side views of hand using camera.

14. Iris Recognition
Iris analysis
Typical system: scanner analyzes features like rings,
furrows, and freckles existing in the colored tissue
surrounding the pupil.
Sophisticated camera uses infrared imager to
capture high resolution photograph.
Advantage:
o Iris is well protected area of eye with minimum possibility of
injury.

15. Retina Scanning
Analysis of layer of blood vessels at the back of the
eye
Typical system: low-intensity infrared light source
and an optical coupler to scan a unique vascular
pattern of retina and its reflection is recorded.
Most accurate and reliable method.

16. DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid)
A DNA sample is used to produce either a DNA
fingerprint or a DNA profile
Comparison of alleles of DNA sequences found in
nuclear genetic material.
Used in medical field and forensic investigation
purpose.

17. BEHAVIORAL MODE
 Speaker Recognition
 Signature Recognition

18. Speaker Recognition
Voice recognition and analysis
Typical system: uses the pitch, pattern, tone,
frequency, rhythm of speech for identification
purposes; only biometric that allows users to
authenticate remotely.
3 types:
Fixed text method
Text dependent method
Text independent method

19. Signature Recognition
 Handwriting analysis
 Typical System: user will sign on a tablet, the device will
record pressure, speed, sequence and shape of characters
and compare to a database.
 Verification is based on features like no. of interior
contours and no. of vertical slope components.
 Rarely used method.

20. Comparison Chart Accuracy/Reliability
Biometric Accuracy Reliability Errors
Fingerprint Very High High Dirt, dryness
Facial Recognition High Medium Hair, glasses, age
Hand Geometry High Medium Hand injury
Iris Scan Very High High Poor lighting
Retinal Scan Very High High Glasses
DNA Very High High none
Speaker Recognition Medium Low Noise, colds
Signature Recognition Medium Low Changing signatures
Accuracy: How well can the specific biometric is able to tell individual apart
Reliability: how dependable the specific biometric is for recognition purposes

21. APPLICATIONS
BIOMETRIC TECH APPLICATIONS
FINGERPRINTS Law enforcement, entry devices for offices
and colleges, enterprise security; medical
and financial
FACIAL RECOGNITION Automated bank tellers- user verification
purposes
HAND GEOMETRY Time and attendance systems, physical
access
IRIS SCAN Law Enforcement, Employee Security
Check, banking

22. RETINA SCAN High-end security, military, power plans
DNA Medical applications, Paternity Tests,
Criminal identification and forensics
VOICE RECOGNITION Call Centers, Law enforcement – house
arrest authentication
SIGNATURE Access to documents, Banking services

23. What Biometrics are Replacing
Traditional verification methods:
Passwords
 PIN numbers
Tokens
 Photo ID cards
 Smart cards
 Magnetic strip cards
 Physical keys

24. Current Biometric Applications
 Computer logins
 ATMs
 Grocery stores
 Airport kiosks
 Driver’s licenses
 Internet banking
 National ID cards
 Welfare disbursement
 International border crossing
 Forensics – criminal identification
 Annual amusement park pass holders
 Speaker verification for television home shopping

25. BENEFITS
Increased security measures
Reduce costs of password and ID card maintenance
Ability to track employees and link activities
No passwords to forget
Elimination of problems such as lost/stolen
identification cards and PIN numbers
Faster login time
Improved security of sensitive information

26. CONCERNS
Sensitive biometric information susceptible to
hackers.
Lack of privacy for employees.
Costly and time consuming to implement .

27. CONCLUSION
Multi biometric systems have a huge potential of
growth.
Access procedures are made simpler, faster and
more secure.
 Especially governments, law enforcement agencies,
military and industrial companies, already make
partial use of this technology.
In the future biometric devices will surely become
more involved in many civil areas.

28. THANK YOU!