Studies on Biofield Treated p-Dichlorobenzene | Omicsonlinedeeptimishra10
The aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield energy treatment on physical, thermal, and spectroscopic properties of p-dichlorobenzene.
An Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Thermal, Physical and Structural Prope...albertdivis
Cadmium is widely utilized in nickel-cadmium batteries, stabilizers, and coating applications due to its versatile physico-chemical properties. The aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on atomic, thermal, and physical properties of cadmium powder.
Curcumin extract nanoparticles: preparation, characterization and antimicrobi...Innspub Net
In recent years, synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles have been increasingly investigated for different medicinal uses. In the present study, we aimed at the biosynthesis of zinc oxide using a curcumin extract. Although, toxic effects of curcumin derivative and zinc oxide nanoparticles in different concentration have been studied specifically on animal models besides the antibacterial activity of synthesized curcumin extract and zinc oxide nanoparticles. The aim of the study was to synthesize extract combined zinc oxide nanoparticles. Methods: The synthesized nanoparticles and extract were characterized for the particle size distribution, morphology, optical properties and surface charge by using UVvisible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), (TEM) and (SEM). Elemental composition and structural properties were studied by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD). Results: The synthesized nanoparticles and curcumin were irregular shape and had a size distribution in the range of 50–100 nm. The in vitro toxicity effects of zinc oxide and extract showed no toxic effect with different concentration with antibacterial effect.
Spectroscopic Characterization of Disodium Hydrogen Orthophosphate and Sodium...albertdivis
Disodium hydrogen orthophosphate is a water soluble white powder widely used as pH regulator and saline laxative. The sodium nitrate is a highly water soluble white solid, used in high blood pressure, dentinal hypersensitivity, and production of fertilizers. The present study was aimed to investigate the impact of biofield treatment on spectral properties of disodium hydrogen orthophosphate and sodium nitrate.
Characterization of Physical, Thermal and Structural Properties of Chromium (...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
Chromium (VI) oxide (CrO3) has gained extensive attention due to its versatile physical and chemical properties. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on physical, thermal and structural properties of CrO3 powder. In this study, CrO3 powder was divided into two parts i.e. control and treatment. Control part was remained as untreated and treated part received Mr. Trivedi’s biofield treatment. Subsequently, control and treated CrO3 samples were characterized using Thermo gravimetric analysis-differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). DTA showed that the melting point of treated CrO3 was increased upto 212.65°C (T3) as compared to 201.43°C in control. In addition, the latent heat of fusion was reduced upto 51.70% in treated CrO3 as compared to control. TGA showed the maximum thermal decomposition temperature (Tmax) around 330°C, was increased upto 340.12°C in treated CrO3 sample. XRD data revealed that lattice parameter and unit cell volume of treated CrO3 samples were reduced by 0.25 and 0.92% respectively, whereas density was increased by 0.93% in treated CrO3 sample as compared to control. The crystallite size of treated CrO3 was increased from 46.77 nm (control) to 60.13 nm after biofield treatment. FT-IR spectra showed the absorption peaks corresponding to Cr=O at 906 and 944 cm-1 in control, which were increased to 919 and 949 cm¬1 in treated CrO3 after biofield treatment. Overall, these results suggest that biofield treatment has substantially altered the physical, thermal and structural properties of CrO3 powder.
Influence of Biofield Treatment on Physical and Structural Characteristics of...albertdivis
Barium oxide (BaO) and zinc sulfide (ZnS) are well known for their applications in electrical, optical and chemical industries. The present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on the structural and physical properties of BaO and ZnS powder.
Biofield Treatment Impact on Atomic, Physical and Thermal Properties Indium P...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
In a recent research, Mr. Mahendra Kumar Trivedi's biofield energy treatment that is also known as The Trivedi Effect is applied to the Indium Powder sample and what it has resulted is really remarkable. Go through the presentation to know more about this research and the outcomes.
Characterization of Physical and Structural Properties of Brass Powder After ...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
The aim of present study was to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on structural and physical properties of brass powder. The brass powder sample was divided into two parts: control and treated.
Studies on Biofield Treated p-Dichlorobenzene | Omicsonlinedeeptimishra10
The aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield energy treatment on physical, thermal, and spectroscopic properties of p-dichlorobenzene.
An Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Thermal, Physical and Structural Prope...albertdivis
Cadmium is widely utilized in nickel-cadmium batteries, stabilizers, and coating applications due to its versatile physico-chemical properties. The aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on atomic, thermal, and physical properties of cadmium powder.
Curcumin extract nanoparticles: preparation, characterization and antimicrobi...Innspub Net
In recent years, synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles have been increasingly investigated for different medicinal uses. In the present study, we aimed at the biosynthesis of zinc oxide using a curcumin extract. Although, toxic effects of curcumin derivative and zinc oxide nanoparticles in different concentration have been studied specifically on animal models besides the antibacterial activity of synthesized curcumin extract and zinc oxide nanoparticles. The aim of the study was to synthesize extract combined zinc oxide nanoparticles. Methods: The synthesized nanoparticles and extract were characterized for the particle size distribution, morphology, optical properties and surface charge by using UVvisible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), (TEM) and (SEM). Elemental composition and structural properties were studied by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD). Results: The synthesized nanoparticles and curcumin were irregular shape and had a size distribution in the range of 50–100 nm. The in vitro toxicity effects of zinc oxide and extract showed no toxic effect with different concentration with antibacterial effect.
Spectroscopic Characterization of Disodium Hydrogen Orthophosphate and Sodium...albertdivis
Disodium hydrogen orthophosphate is a water soluble white powder widely used as pH regulator and saline laxative. The sodium nitrate is a highly water soluble white solid, used in high blood pressure, dentinal hypersensitivity, and production of fertilizers. The present study was aimed to investigate the impact of biofield treatment on spectral properties of disodium hydrogen orthophosphate and sodium nitrate.
Characterization of Physical, Thermal and Structural Properties of Chromium (...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
Chromium (VI) oxide (CrO3) has gained extensive attention due to its versatile physical and chemical properties. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on physical, thermal and structural properties of CrO3 powder. In this study, CrO3 powder was divided into two parts i.e. control and treatment. Control part was remained as untreated and treated part received Mr. Trivedi’s biofield treatment. Subsequently, control and treated CrO3 samples were characterized using Thermo gravimetric analysis-differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). DTA showed that the melting point of treated CrO3 was increased upto 212.65°C (T3) as compared to 201.43°C in control. In addition, the latent heat of fusion was reduced upto 51.70% in treated CrO3 as compared to control. TGA showed the maximum thermal decomposition temperature (Tmax) around 330°C, was increased upto 340.12°C in treated CrO3 sample. XRD data revealed that lattice parameter and unit cell volume of treated CrO3 samples were reduced by 0.25 and 0.92% respectively, whereas density was increased by 0.93% in treated CrO3 sample as compared to control. The crystallite size of treated CrO3 was increased from 46.77 nm (control) to 60.13 nm after biofield treatment. FT-IR spectra showed the absorption peaks corresponding to Cr=O at 906 and 944 cm-1 in control, which were increased to 919 and 949 cm¬1 in treated CrO3 after biofield treatment. Overall, these results suggest that biofield treatment has substantially altered the physical, thermal and structural properties of CrO3 powder.
Influence of Biofield Treatment on Physical and Structural Characteristics of...albertdivis
Barium oxide (BaO) and zinc sulfide (ZnS) are well known for their applications in electrical, optical and chemical industries. The present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on the structural and physical properties of BaO and ZnS powder.
Biofield Treatment Impact on Atomic, Physical and Thermal Properties Indium P...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
In a recent research, Mr. Mahendra Kumar Trivedi's biofield energy treatment that is also known as The Trivedi Effect is applied to the Indium Powder sample and what it has resulted is really remarkable. Go through the presentation to know more about this research and the outcomes.
Characterization of Physical and Structural Properties of Brass Powder After ...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
The aim of present study was to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on structural and physical properties of brass powder. The brass powder sample was divided into two parts: control and treated.
Biofield Treatment Impact on 1,2,4-Triazoledeeptimishra10
The biofield treatment has improved the growth and production of agriculture crops and significantly altered the phenotypic characteristics of various pathogenic microbes. Additionally, biofield treatment has substantially altered the medicinal, growth and anatomical properties of ashwagandha.
A Research Article on Synthesis of Metal Nano Particles by Chemical Reduction...ijtsrd
Nanotechnology is an experimental and engineering technology manipulate at the nanoscale, such as in the field of different compound fabric synthesizing, food processing agriculture processing and as well as in medicinal application. Due to their physical and chemical applications the metal nanoparticles have a great interest in research. A variety of physical, chemical and biological method that can be used for the synthesis of the metal nanoparticle. All the methods have positive advantages as well as some obstruction. In this following review we try to explain recent research on the synthesis and various application of metal nanoparticle. We summarized the different chemical reduction method and briefly explain their application. Vijay Aithekar | Dr. Sangeeta Gautam "A Research Article on Synthesis of Metal Nano Particles by Chemical Reduction Method" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26371.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/physics/nanotechnology/26371/a-research-article-on-synthesis-of-metal-nano-particles-by-chemical-reduction-method/vijay-aithekar
Characterization of Physical and Structural Properties of Aluminium Carbide P...albertdivis
Aluminium carbide (Al4C3) has gained extensive attention due to its abrasive and creep resistance properties. Aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on physical and structural properties of Al4C3 powder.
Synthesis of graphene oxide-TiO2 nanocomposite as an adsorbent for the enrich...Nanomedicine Journal (NMJ)
Abstract
Objective(s):
In our study, graphene oxide-TiO2 nanocomposite (GO/TiO2) was prepared and used for the enrichment of rutin from real samples for the first time.
Materials and Methods:
The synthesized GO/TiO2 was characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and FT-IR spectra. The enrichment process is fast and highly efficient. The factors including contact time, pH, and amount of GO/TiO2 affecting the adsorption process were studied.
Results:
The maximum adsorption capacity for ciprofloxacin was calculated to be 59.5 mg/g according to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The method yielded a linear calibration curve in the concentration ranges from 15 to 200 μg/L for the rutin with regression coefficients (r2) of 0.9990. The limits of detection (LODs, S/N=3) and limits of quantification (LOQs, S/N=10) were found to be 8 μg/Land 28 μg/L, respectively. Both the intra-day and inter-day precisions (RSDs) were < 10% .
Conclusion:
The developed approach offered wide linear range, and good reproducibility. Owing to the diverse structures and unique characteristic, GO/TiO2 possesses great potential in the enrichment and analysis of trace rutin in real aqueous samples.
Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis, Properties, Applications and Future Perspecti...iosrjce
Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have gained significant interest due to their unique optical,
antimicrobial, electrical, physical properties and their possible application. The change of energy level from
continuous band to discrete band of Ag NPs with decrease in size of particles gives strong size dependent
chemical and physical properties. Ag NPs show lower toxicity to human health while Ag NPs show higher
toxicity to various micro-organisms. For this reason Ag NPs having scope for medical instruments,
antimicrobial application, products for health care such as scaffolds, burn dressing, water purification,
agriculture uses. Ag NPs can be synthesized by using various methods which is primarily classified into two
type’s namely physical process which includes laser ablation, condensation, evaporation etc. and chemical
process which includes hydrazine, sodium borohydride, green synthesis etc. Among all these methods green
synthesis is non-toxic, eco-friendly and cost effective. In this review paper different synthesis process especially
green synthesis, properties, applications of silver nanoparticles and their recent advances are described. We
also highlight the toxicity and compares Ag NPs with others nanoparticles.
Tetra Glycine dihydrated Calcium Chloride (TGDCC) single Crystal has been grown by slow evaporation techniques. Urea has been introduced by concentration ratio to the parental crystal. The investigation of this research work is to find the rate of change of optical and structural behaviors of the crystal by urea through UV-Vis, P-XRD, XRD, FTIR and SHG studies.
Bis (glycine) lithium chloride (BGLC), a semi-organic nonlinear optical material has been
synthesized and single crystals with dimensions 13mm 9mm 4mm were grown by slow
evaporation technique. The grown crystals were subjected to powder X-ray diffraction studies in
order to calculate the lattice parameter values and identifying the diffraction planes. Functional
groups of the crystallized molecules were confirmed by FTIR analysis. Transmission range of the
crystal was determined by UV-vis-NIR spectra. Vickers microhardness test was performed on the
prominent plane (110) of the gown crystal. The BGLC crystal does not decompose before melting.
This was confirmed by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). The NLO property of the crystal was
confirmed by Kurtz SHG test and compared with NLO efficiency of KDP crystal
Chemo bio synthesis of silver nanoparticlesJagpreet Singh
Silver nanoparticles have a lot of ways of synthesis like physical and chemical
methods; some of these methods use a lot of chemical substances and are
very hazardous for humans and environment, so a novel, great, environmental
friendly, cheap and easy to use world of green chemistry has been used. A
number of characterization techniques such as UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier
transformation infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction study and scanning
electron microscopy revealed that silver nanoparticles have been used. Thus
the different response of the functional groups and the difference in the peaks
and UV-visible data was studied and then compared to understand and know
the way these different reducing agents react to the same starting material. The
green synthesis had a UV-visible peak at 446 nm while the one with chemical
synthesis had a peak at 395 nm. FTIR results of silver nanoparticles synthesis
by trisodium citrate (TSC) showed a peak at 1505 cm-1 which shows that the
compound has a stretching of the -C=C – bond. In another case, which was done
by using Sodium borohydride (NaBH4) a peak at 1695 cm-1 showed a –C=O- bond
indicating stretching and a weak absorption intensity. Another peak was present
which indicates a –O-H bond formation and presence which is a strong bond are
found to exist. A notable peak came for synthesis by orange peel at 1517 cm-1
which represents a –C=C- bond stretching as in aromatic compounds. Another
peak at 1732 cm-1 indicates the –C=O- bond. The XRD results on one of the
silver sample prepared by green methods showed silver nanomaterials formed
which had a average particle size of around 42 nm. FE-SEM results revealed that
silver nanomaterials were formed and had a flake like appearance in one of the
results. All the overall comparison showed that different modes of synthesis
of silver nanomaterials and different reducing agents give same materials but
with different peaks and intensities. All this data provided knowledge about the
fact that an alternative method can be used to create new nanoparticles if one
of the previously considered to tried method fails thus helping in extending the
broadways for research.
Review on green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using plant extract. Various green materials are used for the synthesis of Ag. Several synthesis method main emphasis on green method.
Biofield Treatment Impact on 1,2,4-Triazoledeeptimishra10
The biofield treatment has improved the growth and production of agriculture crops and significantly altered the phenotypic characteristics of various pathogenic microbes. Additionally, biofield treatment has substantially altered the medicinal, growth and anatomical properties of ashwagandha.
A Research Article on Synthesis of Metal Nano Particles by Chemical Reduction...ijtsrd
Nanotechnology is an experimental and engineering technology manipulate at the nanoscale, such as in the field of different compound fabric synthesizing, food processing agriculture processing and as well as in medicinal application. Due to their physical and chemical applications the metal nanoparticles have a great interest in research. A variety of physical, chemical and biological method that can be used for the synthesis of the metal nanoparticle. All the methods have positive advantages as well as some obstruction. In this following review we try to explain recent research on the synthesis and various application of metal nanoparticle. We summarized the different chemical reduction method and briefly explain their application. Vijay Aithekar | Dr. Sangeeta Gautam "A Research Article on Synthesis of Metal Nano Particles by Chemical Reduction Method" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26371.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/physics/nanotechnology/26371/a-research-article-on-synthesis-of-metal-nano-particles-by-chemical-reduction-method/vijay-aithekar
Characterization of Physical and Structural Properties of Aluminium Carbide P...albertdivis
Aluminium carbide (Al4C3) has gained extensive attention due to its abrasive and creep resistance properties. Aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on physical and structural properties of Al4C3 powder.
Synthesis of graphene oxide-TiO2 nanocomposite as an adsorbent for the enrich...Nanomedicine Journal (NMJ)
Abstract
Objective(s):
In our study, graphene oxide-TiO2 nanocomposite (GO/TiO2) was prepared and used for the enrichment of rutin from real samples for the first time.
Materials and Methods:
The synthesized GO/TiO2 was characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and FT-IR spectra. The enrichment process is fast and highly efficient. The factors including contact time, pH, and amount of GO/TiO2 affecting the adsorption process were studied.
Results:
The maximum adsorption capacity for ciprofloxacin was calculated to be 59.5 mg/g according to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The method yielded a linear calibration curve in the concentration ranges from 15 to 200 μg/L for the rutin with regression coefficients (r2) of 0.9990. The limits of detection (LODs, S/N=3) and limits of quantification (LOQs, S/N=10) were found to be 8 μg/Land 28 μg/L, respectively. Both the intra-day and inter-day precisions (RSDs) were < 10% .
Conclusion:
The developed approach offered wide linear range, and good reproducibility. Owing to the diverse structures and unique characteristic, GO/TiO2 possesses great potential in the enrichment and analysis of trace rutin in real aqueous samples.
Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis, Properties, Applications and Future Perspecti...iosrjce
Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have gained significant interest due to their unique optical,
antimicrobial, electrical, physical properties and their possible application. The change of energy level from
continuous band to discrete band of Ag NPs with decrease in size of particles gives strong size dependent
chemical and physical properties. Ag NPs show lower toxicity to human health while Ag NPs show higher
toxicity to various micro-organisms. For this reason Ag NPs having scope for medical instruments,
antimicrobial application, products for health care such as scaffolds, burn dressing, water purification,
agriculture uses. Ag NPs can be synthesized by using various methods which is primarily classified into two
type’s namely physical process which includes laser ablation, condensation, evaporation etc. and chemical
process which includes hydrazine, sodium borohydride, green synthesis etc. Among all these methods green
synthesis is non-toxic, eco-friendly and cost effective. In this review paper different synthesis process especially
green synthesis, properties, applications of silver nanoparticles and their recent advances are described. We
also highlight the toxicity and compares Ag NPs with others nanoparticles.
Tetra Glycine dihydrated Calcium Chloride (TGDCC) single Crystal has been grown by slow evaporation techniques. Urea has been introduced by concentration ratio to the parental crystal. The investigation of this research work is to find the rate of change of optical and structural behaviors of the crystal by urea through UV-Vis, P-XRD, XRD, FTIR and SHG studies.
Bis (glycine) lithium chloride (BGLC), a semi-organic nonlinear optical material has been
synthesized and single crystals with dimensions 13mm 9mm 4mm were grown by slow
evaporation technique. The grown crystals were subjected to powder X-ray diffraction studies in
order to calculate the lattice parameter values and identifying the diffraction planes. Functional
groups of the crystallized molecules were confirmed by FTIR analysis. Transmission range of the
crystal was determined by UV-vis-NIR spectra. Vickers microhardness test was performed on the
prominent plane (110) of the gown crystal. The BGLC crystal does not decompose before melting.
This was confirmed by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). The NLO property of the crystal was
confirmed by Kurtz SHG test and compared with NLO efficiency of KDP crystal
Chemo bio synthesis of silver nanoparticlesJagpreet Singh
Silver nanoparticles have a lot of ways of synthesis like physical and chemical
methods; some of these methods use a lot of chemical substances and are
very hazardous for humans and environment, so a novel, great, environmental
friendly, cheap and easy to use world of green chemistry has been used. A
number of characterization techniques such as UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier
transformation infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction study and scanning
electron microscopy revealed that silver nanoparticles have been used. Thus
the different response of the functional groups and the difference in the peaks
and UV-visible data was studied and then compared to understand and know
the way these different reducing agents react to the same starting material. The
green synthesis had a UV-visible peak at 446 nm while the one with chemical
synthesis had a peak at 395 nm. FTIR results of silver nanoparticles synthesis
by trisodium citrate (TSC) showed a peak at 1505 cm-1 which shows that the
compound has a stretching of the -C=C – bond. In another case, which was done
by using Sodium borohydride (NaBH4) a peak at 1695 cm-1 showed a –C=O- bond
indicating stretching and a weak absorption intensity. Another peak was present
which indicates a –O-H bond formation and presence which is a strong bond are
found to exist. A notable peak came for synthesis by orange peel at 1517 cm-1
which represents a –C=C- bond stretching as in aromatic compounds. Another
peak at 1732 cm-1 indicates the –C=O- bond. The XRD results on one of the
silver sample prepared by green methods showed silver nanomaterials formed
which had a average particle size of around 42 nm. FE-SEM results revealed that
silver nanomaterials were formed and had a flake like appearance in one of the
results. All the overall comparison showed that different modes of synthesis
of silver nanomaterials and different reducing agents give same materials but
with different peaks and intensities. All this data provided knowledge about the
fact that an alternative method can be used to create new nanoparticles if one
of the previously considered to tried method fails thus helping in extending the
broadways for research.
Review on green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using plant extract. Various green materials are used for the synthesis of Ag. Several synthesis method main emphasis on green method.
Gambling violates biblical principles, wrecks the economy, harms society and destroys lives, perverts the role of government and is addictive in nature.
Xeque - Marcelo Bancalero
O famigerado tucano de toga juiz Moro, comete abusos diariamente, sem que ninguém tome nenhuma iniciativa direta contra ele.
Hoje, foi dado um golpe pelo MP do Alckmim, que se unirá, aos resultados do "Chá das comadres" , PSDB e PMDB na noite de ontem, e da convenção deste mesmo PMDB no sábado... Tudo para ser combustível para as manifestações do dia 13.
Há quem diga que são todas cartas marcadas para o impeachment tornar-se possível.
Como eu acredito na inocência de Lula, sei que isso é uma jogada jurídica para apoiar o golpe, e não vai dar em nada.
Quando digo nada, é nada mesmo.
Nem para Lula, nem para arbitrariedade destes corruptos de toga, visto que tem do lado deles a força da mídia e conivência de setores da própria "justiça".
Assim, aproveito o ensejo para publicar , uma ousada atitude , tomada por um companheiro contra esse juizinho da beira do brejo. Dotô Moro...
Aliás...
Atitude essa, que deveria ser tomada por cada cidadão de bem nesta nação.
Hebrews 9:24-28. A comparison of the first and second comings of Christ. the hope of the world. His Body, His attitude, His death, His word and teachings, the purpose, His relationship to the lost, the anticipation, those who saw Him, those who confessed Him, the dead raised,
Characterization of Physical and Structural Properties of Brass Powder After ...albertdivis
Brass, a copper-zinc (Cu-Zn) alloy has gained extensive attention in industries due to its high corrosion resistance, machinability and strength to weight ratio. The aim of present study was to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on structural and physical properties of brass powder.
Characterization of Physical, Thermal and Structural Properties of Chromium (...albertdivis
Chromium (VI) oxide (CrO3) has gained extensive attention due to its versatile physical and chemical properties. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on physical, thermal and structural properties of CrO3 powder.
Impact of Biofield Treatment on Physical, Structural and Spectral Properties ...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
In the present investigation, Sb2S3 powder samples were exposed to biofield treatment, and further its physical, structural and spectral properties are investigated.
Impact of Biofield Treatment on Physical, Structural and Spectral Properties ...albertdivis
The present investigation, Sb2S3 powder samples were exposed to biofield treatment, and further its physical, structural and spectral properties are investigated. The particle size analysis showed larger particle size and surface area after treatment.
Impact of Biofield Treatment on Atomic and Structural Characteristics of Bari...albertdivis
The perovskite crystal structure and lattice vibrations play a crucial role in its piezoelectric and ferroelectric behavior. In the present study, the barium titanate powder was subjected to biofield treatment.
Impact of Biofield Treatment on Atomic and Structural Characteristics of Bari...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
In the present study, the barium titanate powder was subjected to biofield treatment. Further, the control and treated samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) and Electron spin resonance (ESR).
Studies of the Atomic and Crystalline Characteristics of Ceramic Oxide Nano P...albertdivis
In the present study, some transition metal oxides (Zinc oxide, iron oxide and copper oxide) which are widely used in the fabrication of electronic devices were selected and subjected to biofield treatment.
Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Physical, Atomic and Structural Character...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
. Present study investigates impact of Biofield treatment on physical and atomic properties of Mn3O4. X-ray diffraction revealed the significant effect of biofield on lattice parameter, unit cell volume, molecular weight, crystallite sizes and densities of treated Mn3O4.
Studies of the Atomic and Crystalline Characteristics of Ceramic Oxide Nano P...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
In the present study, some transition metal oxides (Zinc oxide, iron oxide and copper oxide) which are widely used in the fabrication of electronic devices were selected and subjected to biofield treatment.
Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Physical, Atomic and Structural Character...albertdivis
In Mn3O4, the crystal structure, dislocation density, particle size and spin of the electrons plays crucial role in modulating its magnetic properties. Present study investigates impact of Biofield treatment on physical and atomic properties of Mn3O4.
Influence of Biofield Treatment on Physical, Structural and Spectral Properti...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
Boron nitride (BN) is known for high hardness, thermal stability, thermal conductivity, and catalytic action. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on physical, structural and spectral properties of BN powder.
Influence of Biofield Treatment on Physical, Structural and Spectral Properti...albertdivis
Boron nitride (BN) is known for high hardness, thermal stability, thermal conductivity, and catalytic action. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on physical, structural and spectral properties of BN powder.
Preparation and characterization of Sr-Ti-hardystonite (Sr-Ti-HT) nanocomposi...Nanomedicine Journal (NMJ)
Abstract
Objective(s):
Hardystonite (HT) is Zn-modified silicate bioceramics with promising results for bone tissue regeneration. However, HT possesses no obvious apatite formation. Thus, in this study we incorporated Sr and Ti into HT to prepare Sr-Ti-hardystonite (Sr-Ti-HT) nanocomposite and evaluated its in vitro bioactivity with the purpose of developing a more bioactive bone substitute material.
Materials and methods:
The HT and Sr-Ti-HT were prepared by mechanical milling and subsequent heat treatment. Calcium oxide (CaO), zinc oxide (ZnO) and silicon dioxide (SiO2) (all from Merck) were mixed with molar ratio of 2:1:2. The mixture of powders mixture was then milled in a planetary ball mill for 20 h. In the milling run, the ball-to-powder weight ratio was 10:1 and the rotational speed was 200 rpm. After synthesis of HT, 3% nanotitanium dioxide (TiO2, Degussa) and 3% strontium carbonate (SrCO3, Merck) were added to HT and then the mixture was ball milled and calcined at 1150°C for 6 h. Simultaneous thermal analysis (STA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR) performed to characterize the powders.
Results:
XRD and FT-IR confirmed the crystal phase and silicate structure of HT and TEM images demonstrated the nanostructure of powders. Further, Sr-Ti-HT induced apatite formation and showed a higher human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs) adhesion and proliferation compared to HT.
Conclusion:
Our study revealed that Sr-Ti-HT with a nanostructured crystal structure of 50 nm, can be prepared by mechanical activation to use as biomaterials for orthopedic applications.
Effect of Biofield Treatment on Structural and Morphological Properties of Si...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on physical, atomic, and structural characteristics of SiC powder. The control and biofield treated SiC powder was analysed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), particle size analyzer, surface area analyzer, and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy techniques with respect to control.
Effect of Biofield Treatment on Structural and Morphological Properties of Si...albertdivis
Silicon carbide (SiC) is a well-known ceramic due to its excellent spectral absorbance and thermo-mechanical properties. The wide band gap, high melting point and thermal conductivity of SiC is used in high temperature applications. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of biofield treatment on physical, atomic, and structural characteristics of SiC powder.
Characterization of cobalt oxide and calcium aluminumShujaul Mulk Khan
The Cobalt Oxide and Calcium-Aluminum Oxide nano-catalysts were analyzed using Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) techniques. Preliminary results showed that the particles of Cobalt Oxide exhibit sponge like morphology and homogenous distribution as per confirmation via SEM. Its average particle size ranges to 30.6 nm demonstrating enormous number of pores and aggregative in nature. Its various peaks were ranging
from 19.2 to 65.4 after XRD analysis. The highest intensity was observed at 36.9 position. The energy dispersive spectroscopy techniques were used to calculate the elements present in sample according to their weight and atomic percentage. The
cobalt oxide contain cobalt as the most abundant element with 46.85 wt% and 18.01 atomic percent. It contain oxygen with 30.51 wt% and 43.19 atomic percent. Whereas, SEM of calcium aluminum oxide showed random morphology. According to the calculation of Scherrer equation regarding XRD analysis, it was distributed homogenously with particle size ranges from 30 to 40 nm. Its porous morphology was due to the interconnecting gaps between different particles. It result the eight peaks ranging from 18.1 to 62.7 in XRD spectrum. The highest intensity observed at 35.1 with average crystallite particle size of 25.6 nm. The calcium aluminum oxide contain aluminum 7.45 wt% and 6.93 atomic percent. The calcium was the most abundant element with54.7 wt% and 34.24 atomic percent followed by oxygen with 37.26 wt% and 58.42 atomic percent. It was concluded that the SEM, XRD, and EDX are the most significant techniques to characterize nano-catalysts in particular and other compounds generally.
Effect of Biofield Treatment on Structural and Morphological Properties of Si...Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
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Silver oxide possesses antimicrobial properties and also has numerous applications in space research, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries.
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Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
2. Citation: Trivedi MK, Nayak G, Patil S, Tallapragada RM, Latiyal O, et al. (2015) Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Physical and Structural Properties
of Bronze Powder. Adv Automob Eng 4: 119. doi:10.4172/2167-7670.1000119
Page 2 of 6
Volume 4 • Issue 1 • 1000119
Adv Automob Engg
ISSN:2167-7670 AAE, an open access journal
Experimental
Bronze powder was procured from Alfa Aesar, USA. The bronze
powder sample was divided into two parts, one part was considered
as control and another part was subjected to Mr. Trivedi’s biofield
treatment, referred as treated. The control and treated samples were
characterized using x-ray diffraction (XRD), particle size analyzer,
scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared
(FT-IR) spectroscopy.
X-ray diffraction study
XRD analysis was carried out on Phillips, Holland PW 1710 X-ray
diffractometer system, which had a copper anode with nickel filter.
The radiation of wavelength used by the XRD system was 1.54056 Å.
The data obtained from this XRD were in the form of a chart of 2θ vs.
intensity and a detailed table containing peak intensity counts, d value
(Å), peak width (θ0
), relative intensity (%) etc. Additionally, PowderX
software was used to calculate lattice parameter and unit cell volume.
The crystallite size (G) was calculated by using formula:
( )G k / bCosλ θ= ,
Here, λ is the wavelength of radiation used and k is the equipment
constant (=0.94). However, the percentage change in all parameters
such as lattice parameter, unit cell volume and crystallite size was
calculated using the following equation:
( )t c cPercent change in lattice parameter a a / a 100= − ×
Where, ac
and at
are lattice parameter value of control and treated
powder samples respectively
( )t c cPercent change in unit cell volume V V / V 100= − ×
Where, Vc
and Vt
are the unit cell volume of control and treated
powder samples respectively
( )t c cPercent change in crystallite size G G / G 10= − ×
Where, Gc
and Gt
are crystallite size of control and treated powder
samples respectively. The XRD analysis was carried out on day 1, 10,
78, 106 and 117 day referred as control, T1, T2, T3, and T4 respectively.
Particle size analysis
For particle size analysis, laser particle size analyzer SYMPATEC
HELOS-BF was used, which had a detection range of 0⋅1-875 μm. The
particle size data was collected in the form of a chart of particle size
vs. cumulative percentage. Three parameters of particle sizes viz. d50
,
d90
, and d99
(size below which 50%, 90%, and 99% particles are present,
respectively) were calculated from the particle size distribution curve.
The percent change in particle sizes were calculated using following
equation:
50 Treated 50 Control
50
50 Control
[(d ) - [(d ) ]
%changein particlesize,d = ×100
(d )
Where, (d50
) Control
and (d50
) Treated
are the particle size, d50
of control
and treated samples respectively. Similarly, the percent change in
particle size d90
and d99
were calculated. The particle size were evaluated
on day 1, 12, 91, 97 and 115 for control, T1, T2, T3, and T4 respectively.
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
In order to study the changes in surface morphology of bronze
powder after biofield treatment, the control and treated sample were
analyzed on day 20 using SEM, the JEOL JSM-6360 instrument.
FT-IR spectroscopy
To study the impact of biofield treatment at atomic bonding level
in bronze powder, the FT-IR analysis was done on Shimadzu, Fourier
transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer with frequency range of 300-
4000 cm-1
. FT-IR analysis was carried out on day 1, day 71 and day 82
for control, T1, and T2, respectively.
Results and Discussion
X-ray diffraction study
The XRD results are presented in Table 1. It was observed that the
lattice parameter of the unit cell reduced by 0.2%, 0.26%, 0.19%, and
0.07% in treated bronze T1, T2, T3, and T4 respectively, as compared
to control. The percent change in lattice parameter is also known as
lattice strain. Further, the decreased lattice parameter led to reduce
the volume of unit cell by 0.61%, 0.78%, 0.56%, and 0.21% in treated
samples T1, T2, T3, and T4 respectively as compared to control (Figure
1). The percent change in lattice parameter and unit cell volume was
found maximum on day 78 (T2). In general, when the applied stress
is compressive the change in strain is negative while a positive value
indicates a tensile stress. Thus, negative strain in all treated bronze
sample indicated that a compressive stress was probably acted on
treated bronze sample after biofield treatment. It is possible that
biofield treatment could be transferred the energy to bronze powder
and that may induced milling in the powder. Hence, this high energy
milling may lead to persuade the compressive stress and changed the
lattice parameter [16-19]. Moreover, the crystallite size was 88.96 nm
in control sample, however it was changed to 148.96 nm, 111.30 nm,
44.52 nm, and 148.38 nm in treated samples on day 10 (T1), day 78
(T2), day 106 (T3), and day 117 (T4) respectively. The percent change
in crystallite size is presented in Figure 2, it showed that the crystallite
size was increased upto 66.79% on day 10, then started to decrease
upto 49.96% on day 106 (T3) as compared to control. It is possible
that the tin (Sn) atoms might be diffused into copper (Cu) due to
biofield energy that may lead to coalescence of grains and increase the
crystallite size [7]. Furthermore, the existence of severe lattice strains is
evidenced by the change in lattice parameters (Figure 1). The presence
of this internal strain may lead to fracture the grains into sub grains and
decrease the crystallite size upto day 106 [19]. Moreover, the relation
between strength of material and crystallite size is given by Hall-Patch
equation as given below:
/σ σ°= + k G (1)
Where, σ is strength of the material σ° , is a material constant for
the starting stress for dislocation movement, k is the strengthening
coefficient, G is crystallite size.
Dybiec et al. reported the material constant, σo
=58.9 MPa and
k=0.3689 MPa m1/2
for bronze [29]. These parameters were used to
calculate the yield strength of control and treated bronze powder. The
yield strength of all samples were calculated using equation (1) and
Group Lattice Parameter
(Å)
Unit Cell Volume
(×10-23
cm3
)
Crystallite size
(nm)
Control 3.6224 4.753 88.96
Treated T1 3.6151 4.724 148.38
Treated T2 3.6129 4.716 111.30
Treated T3 3.6156 4.727 44.52
Treated T4 3.6199 4.743 148.36
Table 1: X-ray diffraction analysis of bronze powder.
3. Citation: Trivedi MK, Nayak G, Patil S, Tallapragada RM, Latiyal O, et al. (2015) Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Physical and Structural Properties
of Bronze Powder. Adv Automob Eng 4: 119. doi:10.4172/2167-7670.1000119
Page 3 of 6
Volume 4 • Issue 1 • 1000119
Adv Automob Engg
ISSN:2167-7670 AAE, an open access journal
percent change in treated bronze powder as compared to control. It was
observed that the yield strength was reduced by 9% on day 10 (T1) and
then increased upto 16.50% on day 106 (T3), as compared to control,
after biofield treatment. Nevertheless, the yield strength was again
decreased by 8.99% on day 117 as compared to control. Overall, the
graph indicates that bronze showed the higher yield strength in time
period of day 82 to day 115 (Figure 3). This variation in yield strength
in treated bronze powder could be due to change of crystallite size
after biofield treatment as explained by Hall and Petch. The strength
of materials can be modulated by changing the crystallite size and this
could be due to interactions of dislocations with crystallite boundaries
as they move. In this phenomenon, the crystallites boundaries
hindered the movement of dislocation gliding along the slip planes and
increased the yield strength [30]. It is also reported that the reduction
in crystallite size leads to increase the grain boundaries and vice versa.
Thus, it is hypothesized that the change in crystallite size after biofield
treatment in bronze could alter the yield strength.
Particle size analysis
In order to understand the effect of biofield treatment on particle
size, several range i.e. d50
, d90,
andd99
were calculated and results are
presented in Table 2 and Figure 4. It was observed that the particle
sizes of d50
, d90,
andd99
were increased by 5.15, 8.21, 12.17% respectively,
as compared to control on day 12. It may be due to agglomeration of
finer particles through high energy milling that probably induced by
biofield treatment. Furthermore, the d50
, d90,
and d99
were reduced by
16.24, 18.71, 18.75% respectively, as compared to control on day 91.
This can be possible if coarser particles get fracture to smaller particle
size. Further, on day 97 the particle size of d50
, d90,
and d99
were reduced
by 18.22, 12.89, and 11.95% respectively as compared to control. In
addition, particle sizes of d50
, d90,
and d99
were also reduced by 13.47,
8.78, and 9.96% respectively on day 115, as compared to control.
Overall, the graph showed that particle of each size i.e. finer to coarser,
were reduced as increase in number of days after biofield treatment
(Figure 4). It is well known that the bronze powder particles are
polycrystalline i.e. it consist of many grains. In polycrystalline particles,
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
10 78 106 117
PercentChange
Number of days after treatment
Figure 2: Percent change in crystallite size in biofield treated bronze as
compared to control.
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
10 78 106 117
Percentchange
Number of days after treatment
Figure 3: Percent change in yield strength of biofield treated bronze as
compared to control.
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
12 91 97 115
Percentchange
Number of days after treatment
d50 d90 d99
Figure 4: Percent change in particle size in biofield treated bronze as
compared to control.
Figure 5: The SEM images of (a) control and (b) treated bronze powder.
-0.9
-0.8
-0.7
-0.6
-0.5
-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0
10 78 106 117
PercentChange
Number of days after treatment
Lattice parameter Volume
Figure 1: Percent change in lattice parameter and unit cell volume in
biofield treated bronze as compared to control.
Groups d50
(μm) d90
(μm) d99
(μm)
Control 50.50 94.26 135.60
Treated T1 53.10 102.00 152.10
Treated T2 42.30 76.59 110.20
Treated T3 41.30 82.11 119.40
Treated T4 43.70 85.98 122.10
d50
, d90
, and d99
, size below which 50%, 90%, and 99% particles are present,
respectively
Table 2: Particle size analysis of bronze powder.
4. Citation: Trivedi MK, Nayak G, Patil S, Tallapragada RM, Latiyal O, et al. (2015) Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Physical and Structural Properties
of Bronze Powder. Adv Automob Eng 4: 119. doi:10.4172/2167-7670.1000119
Page 4 of 6
Volume 4 • Issue 1 • 1000119
Adv Automob Engg
ISSN:2167-7670 AAE, an open access journal
absorption peak at wavenumber 1541 cm-1
(Control and T1) and
1550 cm-1
(T2), which characterized the O-H bending. However,
the bands at wavenumber 3734 cm-1
(control and T1) and 3749 cm-1
(T2) were assigned to O-H stretching vibration that may be due to
moisture absorption by samples [31,32]. Furthermore, the peak at 648
cm-1
(control) and 650 cm-1
(T1), and 663 cm-1
(T2) can be attributed
to Sn-O stretching vibrations [32]. This indicates that wavenumber
shifted toward higher side, after biofield treatment, which could be
due to alteration in Sn-O bond strength. Besides this, the IR spectra of
treated (T2) showed three new peaks at wavenumber 464 cm-1
, 736 cm-1
,
and 835 cm-1
(Figure 8). The peaks at 736 cm-1
, and 835 cm-1
can be
attributed to Cu-O-H bending mode, whereas the emergence of peak at
464 cm-1
could be due to Cu-O vibrations [33,34]. Thus, it is presumed
that biofield treatment may be acting at atomic bonding level to cause
these modifications.
Conclusion
In summary, the biofield treatment has significantly altered the
lattice strain, crystallite size, particle size and surface morphology in
crystallite boundaries are the structural weak points [16,17]. Hence, it
is hypothesized that these weak boundaries may fracture under stress
and reduced particle size.
SEM analysis
The SEM images of control and treated bronze samples at
magnification of 500x are shown in Figure 5. The diffusion welded and
agglomerated particles were observed in control bronze with size range
of 1-100 μm. However, in treated bronze powder, fractured surface
morphology along with satellites and intra-particle boundaries were
observed. Furthermore, the treated bronze particles were in the size
range of 1-75 μm. It indicates that the coarser particles may fracture
into finer after biofield treatment that possibly reduces the particle
size [17]. Furthermore, in order to study the bronze powder at atomic
bonding level, samples were analyzed using FT-IR.
FT-IR spectroscopy
FT-IR spectrum of control and treated bronze samples are shown
in Figures 6-8. In all these spectra, absorption bands in region of
range 4000-300 cm-1
were observed. The FT-IR spectra showed an
Figure 6: FT-IR spectrum of control bronze powder.
Figure 7: FT-IR spectrum of biofield treated bronze powder (T1).
5. Citation: Trivedi MK, Nayak G, Patil S, Tallapragada RM, Latiyal O, et al. (2015) Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Physical and Structural Properties
of Bronze Powder. Adv Automob Eng 4: 119. doi:10.4172/2167-7670.1000119
Page 5 of 6
Volume 4 • Issue 1 • 1000119
Adv Automob Engg
ISSN:2167-7670 AAE, an open access journal
bronze powder as compared to control. XRD data revealed that the unit
cell volume was reduced upto 0.78% as compared to control. This could
be due to compressive stress generated during high energy milling
through biofield treatment. Besides this, the reduction in crystallite size
upto 49.9% may lead to increase the mechanical strength of the bronze
powder after biofield treatment. In addition, biofield treatment has
significantly reduced the particle size upto 18.22% in bronze powder
as compared to control. SEM data showed fractured surfaces in treated
sample whereas welded particles were observed in control sample.
Furthermore, the FT-IR analysis data suggest that there were three
new peaks at 464 cm-1
, 736 cm-1
, and 835 cm-1
found in treated bronze
as compared to control; indicated that there might be an alteration of
bond properties in bronze after biofield treatment. Overall, the biofield
treatment has substantially altered the characteristics of bronze at
physical and structural level. Thus, it is postulated that the biofield
treated bronze powder could be more useful in bearing and gear
applications in automobiles.
Acknowledgement
We thank Dr. Cheng Dong of NLSC, Institute of Physics, and Chinese
academy of Sciences for supporting in using PowderX software for analyzing X-ray
Diffraction data.
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6. Citation: Trivedi MK, Nayak G, Patil S, Tallapragada RM, Latiyal O, et al. (2015) Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Physical and Structural Properties
of Bronze Powder. Adv Automob Eng 4: 119. doi:10.4172/2167-7670.1000119
Page 6 of 6
Volume 4 • Issue 1 • 1000119
Adv Automob Engg
ISSN:2167-7670 AAE, an open access journal
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Citation: Trivedi MK, Nayak G, Patil S, Tallapragada RM, Latiyal O, et al.
(2015) Evaluation of Biofield Treatment on Physical and Structural Properties
of Bronze Powder. Adv Automob Eng 4: 119. doi:10.4172/2167-7670.1000119