The document discusses biocultural evolution and early hominids. It describes Darwin's theory of natural selection and how early hominid species like Australopithecus were capable of bipedalism. It then outlines some of the main hominid species, including Homo habilis which used tools for scavenging, Homo erectus which existed around 1.8 million years ago and moved from Africa to Asia, and Homo sapiens which evolved from Homo erectus around 500,000-200,000 years ago.

1. BIOCULTURAL
EVOLUTION

3. Charles Darwin
Darwin’s theory of evulotion and natural
selection declared that species survived through
a process called “Natural Selection,” where those
that successfully adapted, or evolved, to meet
the changing requirements of thier natural
habitat thrived, while those that failed to
evovled and reproduce died off.

4. The Biological and Cultural Evolution
 Ember (2002) explains that one of the most
controversial aspects of Darwin’s theory was
the suggestion that one species could, over
time, evolve into another.
 A species is a population that consists of
organisms’s able inter-breed and produce
fertile and viable offspring.

5. The Hominids
It is one of the erliest members of the
primate family hominidae, containing
humans, their immediate ancestors, and
close extinct relatives.
Note:A hominid is any member of the biological family Hominidae. These are the
"great apes", living and extinct. At present there are humans, chimpanzees, gorillas,
and orangutans.

6. EARLY HOMINID TOOLS
Stone Tools

7. WOOD TOOLS

8. BONE TOOLS

9. EARLY HOMINID LIFESTYLE

14. 4 Physical Features of Hominids
1. Body Size – enormously body size
2. Relative Brain Size – larger primates usually have
larger brains. Fruit-eating primates tend to have
relatively larger brains than leaf-eating primates.
3. Tool Making – only human primates such as apes
use tools, although several species of monkey use
“weapon” like branches, stones, or fruit.
4. Language – Only humans have symbolic spoken
language. But early human primates use alarms and
sounds.

15. TYPES
OF
HOMINIDS

16. AUSTRALOPITHECUS

17. AUSTRALOPITHECUS

18. Australopithecus
 •The First Definite Hominid
 •Existed 3.6 million years ago
 •Capable of climbing and moving trees
 •Bipedalism – They have the ability to
walk on two legs

19. HOMO HABILIS

20. Homo Habilis
 •Came from Tanzania, Kenya, and South
Africa.
 •Known to exist around 2 million years ago.
 •Developed tools primarily for their use in
scavenging
 •Considered to be the more intelligent and
organized than the hominids

21. HOMO ERECTUS

23. Homo Erectus
•First found in Java, later in China, and still later in
Africa
•Meaning “erect ape man”
•Evolved after Homo habilis
•Existed 1.8 million years ago
•They moved from Africa to Asia

24. CHARACTERISTCS OF HOMO ERECTUS
Their skull was generally long,
low, and thickly walled with a
flat forntal area and prominent
brow ridges.
• They had relatively small teeth.
• They are the first hominid to
have third molars.
• They had prominent, projecting
nose
• They are comparable to modern
humans’ size.

25. Hominidae
Family
Austalophitecus
Homo
Habilis
Homo
Sapiens
Homo
Erectus

26. HOMO SAPIENS

28. Homo Sapiens
 •Evolved from homo erectus
•500,000 – 200, 000 years ago
•They were also classified as Homo Sapiens
Neandertalensis or Homo Neandertalensis by
some anthropologist.
•Argued to be the evolved into Humans

30. Enumeration
1. What are the tools that early hominids used?
2. Enumerate the Four (4) Physical Features of
Hominids.
3. Identify the four (4) Hominidae Family.