The document discusses bibliographies and citation styles. It explains that a bibliography lists all sources used in a research paper and helps researchers keep track of consulted sources. Different citation styles like APA, MLA, and Chicago dictate how to format in-text citations and reference lists. The document provides examples of in-text citations and reference list entries in APA, MLA and Chicago styles, and explains how to insert citations and create bibliographies using Microsoft Word.

1. BIBLIOGRAPHY AND CITATION
• A bibliography is a list, that goes at the end of a work of
research writing , that lists all the sources utilized in the
paper.
• Preparing bibliographies helps researchers keep track of the
sources they consulted or cited for their written material and
gives readers a framework of how the writers' arguments
were formed
• If we use material from books, journals, web sites, etc in an
assignment without referencing it is called plagiarism, and
is regarded as a serious offence at colleges and universities.

2. Why to reference?
• Givescredit to otherpeople's work .
• Avoids charges of plagiarism.
• Required to support all significantstatements.
• Usedto indicate the origin of material & source for
research & furtherreading.

3. CITATION STYLE
A citation style dictates the information
necessary for a citation and how the
information is ordered, punctuation and other
formatting.

4. Different styles of writing

5. How do I choose a citation style?
• The citation style depends on the academic
discipline involved. For example:
• APA (American Psychological Association) is
used in Social Sc.,Psychology, and Sciences,
education.
• MLA (Modern Language Association) style is
used by the Humanities, Literature and
Linguistics.
• Chicago style is generally used by Business,
History, Fine Arts and Law.

6. Where to Use a citation style?
In the following areas the Citation Styles are use.
• In-Text
• References
• Bibliography

7. Basic Information Needs forCitation?
• It depends on the type and Nature of sources
• Typically, a citation can include (in case of Book)
• Author(s)/Editor, Trans. Comp. name
• Title (Chapter or Part of Book i.e. series, etc.), Ed.,
Vol. No.
• Imprint (place, publisher and date/year)
• Page numbers
• No. of Vol.
• Medium of Publication (print/Web in MLA)
• DOI (Digital Object Identifier).
• Web link (APA)

8. •Authors name:- S. K. Jha
•Journal name:- Research on Short Term Market
•Year:-2011-2012
•Volume:- -----
•Pagenumbers:- 23
Reference Elements

9. APACitation Style
• APA (American Psychological Association) Style originated
in 1929, when a group of psychologists, anthropologists,
and to sought and establish a simple set of procedures, or
style rules.
• Gained wide acceptance in Social Sciences, Earth Sciences,
Psychology and Sciences.
• It requires writing in proper tenses i.e. Use the present tense
(exists) for established knowledge, and present perfect (has
reported) or past tense (reported) for an in-text citation.

10. American Psychological style
• Author’s name followed by itsinitials.
• Yearof publication.
• Article title followed by fullstop.
• Nameof Journal in italicform
• Volume followed by acomma
• Pageno.
1. Alibali, M. W., Phillips, K. M., & Fischer, A. D.
(2009). Learning new problem-solving strategies
leads to changes in problem representation.
Cognitive Development, 24,89-101.
Example

11. MLA Citation Style
• MLA (Modern Language Association) style for
documentation is used in the humanities, especially in
writing on language and literature.
• The MLA was founded in 1883, as a discussion and
advocacy group for the study of literature and modern
languages.
• MLA style was updated in 2016 to meet the challenges
facing today’s researchers.

12. MLA citation style
• Authors name.
• Title of article.
• Nameof journal.
• Volume number followed by decimal & issue
no.
• Yearof publication.
• Pagenumbers.
• Medium of publication.
Example
1. Matarrita-Cascante, David. "Beyond Growth: Reaching Tourism-
Led Development." Annals of Tourism Research 37.4 (2010):
1141-63.Print

13. Chicago Citation Style
• The Chicago Manual of Style (CMS)is a guide for
American English published since 1906 by the
University of Chicago Press.
• Sixteenth Edition, 2010 is the latest one that have
online version also.
• The Chicago Manual of Style is used in the
subjects like Business, History, Fine Arts and Law
but not in literature.

14. Chicago Citation Style: Basic Elements
• Author(s) first listed author's name
• Article title inside quotation marks
• Journal title in italic type
• Volume Issue No
• Year along with month, (if specified) in parentheses
• Page numbers specific page number in a note; page
range in a bibliography entry
• Digital object identifier or date of accessed with URL
Heilman, James M., and Andrew G. West "Wikipedia and
Medicine: Quantifying Readership, Editors, and the Significance
of Natural Language." Journal of Medical Internet Research 17
no. 3 (2015) e62 doi:10.2196/jmir.4069

34. Process of bibliography and citation
• Open Microsoft Word
• Click on the References tab
First choose a publishing style:
• Click the drop down box next to Style in the
Citations & Bibliography Group
• Choose the appropriate style

35. Select Insert Citation.

36. Create source for book
• Fill in the book template; author, title, publisher etc.
• Click OK

37. • Every time a new source is added an in-text
reference is placed at that point in the body
text
• You must make sure you add a new source at
the correct point in the text
• For example:
One method of demonstrating your analysis and understanding of a topic is
by giving a presentation, (Clarke, 2005).

38. 1)Put your cursor at the end of the text you want to cite.
2)Go to References > Insert Citation, and choose the source you are
citing.

39. • Notice that if we try to add another source,
the book we just added displays at the top of
the menu option
• If you want to use it again, simply click it
• There is no need to add it again

40. 3)To add details, like page numbers if you're citing a book,
select Citation Options, and then Edit Citation.