Fatty acid catabolism, or beta-oxidation, is the process by which fatty acids are broken down in the mitochondria to generate energy. The document outlines that beta-oxidation of palmitate, a 16-carbon fatty acid, yields 106 molecules of ATP through multiple steps where acetyl-CoA molecules are produced, generating 80 ATP equivalents total. NADH and FADH2 are also produced, contributing another 17.5 and 10.5 ATP equivalents respectively.

2. Fatty acid Catabolism
(b-oxidation)

5. Import of acyl-CoA into mitochondria

6. b-oxidation

7. b-oxidation
• B-oxidation of palmitate (C16:0) yields 106
molecules of ATP
• C 16:0-CoA + 7 FAD + 7 NAD+ + 7 H20 + 7 CoA  8
acetyl-CoA + 7 FADH2 + 7 NADH + 7 H+

8. 2.5 ATPs per NADH = 17.5
1.5 ATPs per FADH2 = 10.5
10 ATPs per acetyl-CoA = 80
Total = 108 ATPs
• 2 ATP equivalents (ATP AMP + PPi, PPi  2 Pi)
consumed during activation of palmitate to acylCoA
• Net yield = 106 ATPs

9. Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase

10. X

11. b-oxidation of odd
chain fatty acids

12. b-oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids

13. b-oxidation of fatty acids with even numbered
double bonds

14. Formation of
ketone bodies

15. Re-utilization
of
ketone bodies