BeEF
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The document discusses the Browser Exploitation Framework (BeEF), an open-source penetration testing tool used to test and exploit browser-based vulnerabilities. It works by using a JavaScript hook file to control browsers and run attack modules through a web interface. The document covers BeEF's installation requirements, architecture, features, commands, examples of use, and comparisons to other penetration testing tools like Metasploit and w3af.
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Cross site scripting (XSS) is a type of computer security vulnerability typically found in web applications, but in proposing defensive measures for cross site scripting the websites validate the user input and determine if they are vulnerable to cross site scripting. The major considerations are input validation and output sanitization.
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The document discusses beef carcass evaluation methods used to determine quality and yield grades. Quality grades indicate factors like tenderness, flavor, and juiciness. The USDA quality grades are prime, choice, good, standard, and utility. Yield grades estimate the amount of retail cuts from the carcass and range from 1 to 5, with 1 being highest yield. Carcass traits like marbling, fat thickness, and ribeye area are used to determine grades. The grades help producers, packers, and retailers provide beef that meets consumer demands.
Carcass Grade
Carcass grade determines the quality and yield of meat from slaughtered livestock. For beef, yield grade is based on fat thickness, %KPH, hot carcass weight and ribeye area, with 1 being highest yield. Quality grade depends on marbling and maturity, with Prime having the most marbling. Lamb yield grade considers fat thickness and % kidney/pelvic fat while quality looks at maturity, flank streaking and conformation. Pork grades consider %yield of cuts and measures of length, backfat thickness and muscling. Carcass traits like fat depth and muscle area are used to determine grade.
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Types of fruits
There are several types of fruits, including indehiscent, dehiscent, fleshy, and aggregate/multiple fruits. Indehiscent fruits do not split open at maturity and include achenes, samaras, caryopses, and nuts. Dehiscent fruits open at maturity to release seeds and include follicles, legumes, and capsules. Fleshy fruits are generally moist and edible, consisting of drupes, berries, false berries, hesperidiums, and pomes. Aggregate fruits are composed of ovaries from one flower, like raspberries and strawberries, while multiple fruits are composed of ovaries from several flowers, such as pineapples.
Fruits
Fruits are defined botanically as the ripened ovary wall of a plant containing seeds. They provide both taste and nutrients. Fruits are classified into categories like berries, drupes, pomes, citrus fruits, melons, and tropical fruits based on their physical characteristics. Proper handling, grading, packaging, and storage of fruits helps improve quality and market price. The leading fruit producing countries are China, India, Brazil, USA, and Italy.
Classification of fruits
There are seven main types of fruits: squashes, pome, berries, stone, tropical, dry, and citrus. Squashes include varieties of cucurbita like pumpkins and squash. Pome fruits are apples, pears and similar fruits. Berries include grapes, blueberries, and tomatoes. Stone fruits have a stony pit inside like peaches, plums, and cherries. Tropical fruits cannot withstand frost and include bananas, avocados, and mangoes. Dry fruits have a dry or hard exterior like dates and olives. Citrus fruits are oranges, lemons, and limes.
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This document lists various types of fruits including apple, avocado, banana, cantaloupe, cashew, cherry, coconut, grapes, guava, kiwi, lemon, mango, orange, papaya, peach, pear, pineapple, plum, pomegranate, sapodilla, starfruit, strawberry, tangerine, and watermelon.
Types Of Fruits
There are two main types of fruits - simple fruits which develop from a single ovary, and aggregate/multiple fruits which develop from multiple ovaries or flowers. Simple fruits can be fleshy like berries, drupes, and pomes, or dry like legumes, follicles, capsules, achenes, and nuts. Fleshy fruits like berries become soft and juicy, while a drupe has a hard stone or pit surrounding its seed. A pome is an accessory fruit with multiple carpels fused together. Dry fruits either open at maturity to release seeds like legumes and follicles, or stay closed like achenes and nuts.
Fruits: Parts and Classification
Fruits are the ripened ovaries of plants that contain seeds and help with seed dispersal. A fruit is composed of a pericarp, which surrounds the seed. The pericarp has three regions - the exocarp, mesocarp, and endocarp. Fruits are classified as simple, aggregate, or multiple. Simple fruits develop from one ovary, aggregate fruits from one flower with many fruitlets, and multiple fruits from many flowers fused together.
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Be ef presentation-securitybyte2011-michele_orru
Outline:
What the hell is BeEF? ✴Cutting
Target enumeration and analysis ✴Devouring
Internal net fingerprint Exploiting internal services through the hooked browser Keylogging, browser pwnage
✴Digesting Persistence, tunneling sqlmap/Burp through BeEF proxy XSSrays integration
✴Future development and ideas
Become fully aware of the potential dangers of ActiveX attacks
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Full version: https://www.htbridge.ch/publications/become_fully_aware_of_the_potential_dangers_of_activex_attacks.html
Bshield osdi2006
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Web browsers have become part of everyday life, and are relied upon by millions of internet citizens each day. The feature rich online world has turned the once simple web browser into a highly complex (and very often insecure) desktop application.
As browser vendors have extended functionality and support to new technologies, security researchers and hackers are continuously looking for new vulnerabilities. In this talk, Roberto and Scott will share results of their assiduous browser bug hunting. The talk will examine techniques used to discover critical and less severe vulnerabilities in some of the most popular browsers on the market.
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This document describes a web application that tests websites for vulnerabilities like SQL injection and cross-site scripting. The application was created by 4 students and their supervisors. It allows users to input a website link and check it for common attacks. The results page then displays whether the site is vulnerable or secure, and provides suggestions for improving security. The tools and technologies used to build the application are also outlined.
Trabajo de jose
The document discusses several web browsers including Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Opera, Safari, Maxthon, Flock, Avant, Deepnet, Phaseout, Camino, SeaMonkey and NetSurf. It provides details on their features, security measures, compatibility, and speeds. Key information covered includes the browsers' rendering engines, versions released, and focus on standards compliance and user customization for some.
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Cq3210191021
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Web application penetration testing lab setup guide
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BeEF
- 1. BeEF The Browser Exploitation Framework alexandra.lacatus@info.uaic.ro FCS Iasi, Software Security
- 2. Overview What is BeEF Installation and requirements How it works Case studies & examples Advantages 2 Software Security, FCS Iasi, 2013-2014
- 3. What is BeEF? http://beefproject.com/ open-source penetration testing tool used to test and exploit web application and browser-based vunerabilities. Main developer: Wade Alcorn, security expert Last stable release: 0.4.4.7 / August 2013 3 Software Security, FCS Iasi, 2013-2014
- 4. Installation and requirements OSX 10.5.0 or higher, Modern Linux, Windows XP or higher Ruby 1.9.2 RVM or higher SQLite 3.x A list of ruby gems [...] 4 Software Security, FCS Iasi, 2013-2014
- 5. How it works BeEF uses a javascript file hook.js that will hook one or more browsers and will use them for launching directed command modules and further attacks against the system though a open door: the web browser context Uses a web interface to manage and send commands (attacks) to the browser zombies 5 Software Security, FCS Iasi, 2013-2014
- 6. BeEF Architecture 6 Software Security, FCS Iasi, 2013-2014 [3]
- 7. BeEF Features The official page lists 128 modules (exploits) Modular framework, can be easily extended with custom browser exploitation commands Provides RESTFul API that allows to control BeEF throuth HTTp requests (in JSON format) Can be configured to be integrated with Metasploit 7 Software Security, FCS Iasi, 2013-2014
- 8. BeEF Commands Modify the target's page html content (all the content, or alter only the hrefs) redirect the victim's browser to an arbitrary site generate dialog boxes/ fake notifications / request missing plugin installation as a context for placing and executing malicious code browser fingerprinting, detect plugins (ActiveX, Java, Flash, etc.) detect valid sessions of applications such as Twitter, Facebook and GMail. 8 Software Security, FCS Iasi, 2013-2014
- 9. Ex 1 - Malicious code injection Fake Notification Bar (e.g. Firefox) Displays a fake notification bar at the top of the screen. If the user clicks the notification they will be prompted to download a malicious Firefox extension (by default). Raw Javascript Sends the code to the selected hooked browsers where it will be executed. Code is run inside an anonymous function and the return value is passed to the framework. Multiline scripts are allowed, no special encoding is required. 9 Software Security, FCS Iasi, 2013-2014
- 10. Ex 2 - Web page defacement Replace content (Deface webpage) Overwrite the page, title and shortcut icon on the hooked page. Replace HREFs Rewrite all the href attributes of all matched links. TabNabbing This module redirects to the specified URL after the tab has been inactive for a specified amount of time. 10 Software Security, FCS Iasi, 2013-2014
- 11. Ex 3 - Keystroke Logging iFrame Event Logger Creates a 100% by 100% iFrame overlay with event logging. Fake LastPass Displays a fake LastPass user dialog which will log all the user's key strokes. 11 Software Security, FCS Iasi, 2013-2014
- 12. Ex 4 – Exporing the network Detect Social Networks This module will detect if the Hooked Browser is currently authenticated to GMail, Facebook and Twitter. (specify detection timeout) Network / Port Scanner Scan ports in a given hostname, using WebSockets, CORS and img tags. It uses the three methods to avoid blocked ports or Same Origin Policy. 12 Software Security, FCS Iasi, 2013-2014
- 13. Ex 5 – Browser fingerprinting Spider Eye Creates a snapshot of the victim's window Detect Firebug Detect Silverlight Detect Windows Media Player Detect ActiveX Detect toolbars Etc.. 13 Software Security, FCS Iasi, 2013-2014
- 14. Metasploit / w3af / BeEF Metasploit w3af BeEF Language Perl → Ruby Python Ruby Supported OS cross-platform cross-platform cross-platform Pen-testing target network Web applications browser $ Open source + paid Open source Open source Firewall 14 Software Security, FCS Iasi, 2013-2014
- 15. Bibliography [1] BeEF project main page: http://beefproject.com/ [2] BeEF project Github page: https://github.com/beefproject/beef [3] BeEF achitecture diagram: https://github.com/beefproject/beef/wiki/Architecture