Introducing the Animal Sciences for Sustainable Productivity (ASSP) program a...ILRI
The document introduces the Animal Sciences for Sustainable Productivity (ASSP) program at the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) which aims to increase animal production and productivity through four components: animal feeding, animal breeding, animal health, and livestock/farming systems. The program has 71 staff members located across Africa and Asia working through research and development to improve animal feeding, health, breeds, and systems to achieve increased environmental health, reduced poverty, improved nutrition and health.
Use of grain legumes residues as livestock feed in the smallholder mixed crop...ILRI
This document summarizes research on using grain legume residues as livestock feed in smallholder mixed crop-livestock farming systems in Ethiopia. It outlines that mixed crop-livestock production is the predominant farming system, where livestock play an important role in crop cultivation while obtaining feed from crop residues. However, crop residues are often deficient in nutrients, posing a challenge to livestock productivity. The document discusses opportunities to improve the feed quality of grain legume residues through crop management techniques like fertilizer application and inoculation. It aims to boost the role of higher-quality grain legume residues in fodder supply to benefit smallholder farmers and livestock.
Supplementary/compounded feeding in Kenyan and Indian dairy systems – why so ...ILRI
Supplementary feeding of dairy cattle in Kenya and India is limited due to several factors. Farmers perceive concentrate feeds to be too expensive and increase the cost of milk production without adequate returns. There are also issues with inappropriate use of feeds, including not knowing when or how much to feed based on nutrient requirements or forage quality. Delivery of feeds faces challenges like lack of quality standards enforcement, adulteration, unqualified staff, and limited and costly testing. Interventions could focus on improving delivery, markets, and quality control of concentrate feeds. Developing strategic feeding guidelines based on diet and production, as well as micro-sizing affordable amounts of supplements, could help promote appropriate use at the farm level. Complete ration feeding approaches show economic advantages
Introducing the MilkIT project: Enhancing dairy-based livelihoods in India an...ILRI
This document provides an overview of the MilkIT project, which aims to enhance dairy livelihoods in India and Tanzania through feed innovation and value chain development. Funded by IFAD as a technical assistance grant, MilkIT builds on a previous fodder adoption project and will involve experimenting with innovation approaches, value chain analysis, and developing tools for feed and market assessment over three years with a budget of $1 million. It will be coordinated by ILRI and involve research partners in India and Tanzania, with links to existing IFAD investments and other initiatives in the two countries. The project objectives are to strengthen innovation and value chain approaches among dairy stakeholders, develop improved feeding strategies, and strengthen knowledge sharing on feed development strategies
FAO-IAEA Partnership, Benefits the Member CountriesFAO
The FAO and IAEA have maintained a strategic partnership for 52 years through their Joint Division. This partnership benefits member countries by coordinating research projects, providing training and technical assistance, and supporting laboratories. The Joint Division is a unique model of inter-agency cooperation within the UN. It delivers services to member countries through coordinated research projects, technical cooperation projects, laboratory support, and knowledge dissemination. The partnership's work focuses on five core areas and has contributed to successes like the global eradication of rinderpest and the control of tsetse flies in Africa.
Presentation of the worldwide Challenge Program on Water and FoodCPWF Mekong
The CPWF Objective is to increase water productivity for food and livelihoods in a sustainable, socially acceptable, and poverty-alleviating way. The CPWF is a CGIAR program that conducts integrated research through partnerships and networks in specific basins to help develop more prosperous agricultural societies with better water access and management. The research aims to develop tools to change problems by influencing end users through next users.
The document summarizes the sustainable catering initiatives at the University of Winchester over time from 2003 to 2010. It discusses switching to free range eggs in 2005, composting coffee grounds on site in 2007, creating an "LIFE" brand in 2009 focusing on local, independent, fair and ethical sourcing, and commitments in 2010 to only using free range pork and chicken as well as sustainable fish. It also discusses the process of moving procurement towards the LIFE brand and potential problems and resolutions.
Introducing the Animal Sciences for Sustainable Productivity (ASSP) program a...ILRI
The document introduces the Animal Sciences for Sustainable Productivity (ASSP) program at the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) which aims to increase animal production and productivity through four components: animal feeding, animal breeding, animal health, and livestock/farming systems. The program has 71 staff members located across Africa and Asia working through research and development to improve animal feeding, health, breeds, and systems to achieve increased environmental health, reduced poverty, improved nutrition and health.
Use of grain legumes residues as livestock feed in the smallholder mixed crop...ILRI
This document summarizes research on using grain legume residues as livestock feed in smallholder mixed crop-livestock farming systems in Ethiopia. It outlines that mixed crop-livestock production is the predominant farming system, where livestock play an important role in crop cultivation while obtaining feed from crop residues. However, crop residues are often deficient in nutrients, posing a challenge to livestock productivity. The document discusses opportunities to improve the feed quality of grain legume residues through crop management techniques like fertilizer application and inoculation. It aims to boost the role of higher-quality grain legume residues in fodder supply to benefit smallholder farmers and livestock.
Supplementary/compounded feeding in Kenyan and Indian dairy systems – why so ...ILRI
Supplementary feeding of dairy cattle in Kenya and India is limited due to several factors. Farmers perceive concentrate feeds to be too expensive and increase the cost of milk production without adequate returns. There are also issues with inappropriate use of feeds, including not knowing when or how much to feed based on nutrient requirements or forage quality. Delivery of feeds faces challenges like lack of quality standards enforcement, adulteration, unqualified staff, and limited and costly testing. Interventions could focus on improving delivery, markets, and quality control of concentrate feeds. Developing strategic feeding guidelines based on diet and production, as well as micro-sizing affordable amounts of supplements, could help promote appropriate use at the farm level. Complete ration feeding approaches show economic advantages
Introducing the MilkIT project: Enhancing dairy-based livelihoods in India an...ILRI
This document provides an overview of the MilkIT project, which aims to enhance dairy livelihoods in India and Tanzania through feed innovation and value chain development. Funded by IFAD as a technical assistance grant, MilkIT builds on a previous fodder adoption project and will involve experimenting with innovation approaches, value chain analysis, and developing tools for feed and market assessment over three years with a budget of $1 million. It will be coordinated by ILRI and involve research partners in India and Tanzania, with links to existing IFAD investments and other initiatives in the two countries. The project objectives are to strengthen innovation and value chain approaches among dairy stakeholders, develop improved feeding strategies, and strengthen knowledge sharing on feed development strategies
FAO-IAEA Partnership, Benefits the Member CountriesFAO
The FAO and IAEA have maintained a strategic partnership for 52 years through their Joint Division. This partnership benefits member countries by coordinating research projects, providing training and technical assistance, and supporting laboratories. The Joint Division is a unique model of inter-agency cooperation within the UN. It delivers services to member countries through coordinated research projects, technical cooperation projects, laboratory support, and knowledge dissemination. The partnership's work focuses on five core areas and has contributed to successes like the global eradication of rinderpest and the control of tsetse flies in Africa.
Presentation of the worldwide Challenge Program on Water and FoodCPWF Mekong
The CPWF Objective is to increase water productivity for food and livelihoods in a sustainable, socially acceptable, and poverty-alleviating way. The CPWF is a CGIAR program that conducts integrated research through partnerships and networks in specific basins to help develop more prosperous agricultural societies with better water access and management. The research aims to develop tools to change problems by influencing end users through next users.
The document summarizes the sustainable catering initiatives at the University of Winchester over time from 2003 to 2010. It discusses switching to free range eggs in 2005, composting coffee grounds on site in 2007, creating an "LIFE" brand in 2009 focusing on local, independent, fair and ethical sourcing, and commitments in 2010 to only using free range pork and chicken as well as sustainable fish. It also discusses the process of moving procurement towards the LIFE brand and potential problems and resolutions.
Better lives through livestock: ILRI’s livestock research for development app...ILRI
Presented by Boleslaw Stawicki at the Workshop on transforming livelihoods in South Asia through sustainable livestock research and development, Kathmandu, Nepal, 13-14 November 2018
Poster prepared by ACGG Team for the 7th Multi-Stakeholder Partnership Meeting of the Global Agenda for Sustainable Livestock, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 8–12 May 2017
The document is the 2015 annual report of the BecA-ILRI Hub. It summarizes the Hub's activities over the past year, including strengthening the capacity of African scientists through partnerships between national agricultural research systems, international research institutions, and the Hub. Some of the key research highlighted includes developing strategies to control diseases affecting important crops like rice, beans and maize in Africa. The report also discusses the Hub's efforts to improve livestock productivity through research on alternative forage options and control of diseases like African swine fever. It provides an overview of the Hub's partnerships, capacity building activities, technology platforms, and financial resources in 2015.
Africa RISING: Innovation for Development Highlightsafrica-rising
Through its Africa RISING project, ILRI has developed sustainable intensification technologies for crops and livestock in collaboration with nine CGIAR centers and development partners. These technologies have been validated and adopted by over 200,000 smallholder farmers. Key aspects that set Africa RISING apart include its use of diagnostic studies to identify innovations, engagement of farmers in testing, and adoption of a systems approach. The project has improved crops through new varieties and management practices, as well as livestock productivity through improved forages.
Centre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health—Delivering genetic gains fo...ILRI
This document outlines the mission, vision, and strategic objectives of the Coalition for Tropical Livestock Genetic Gains (CTLGH). The mission is to advance genomic science from temperate livestock and transfer it to tropical systems to increase sustainable productivity and resilience. The vision is for livestock producers in tropical developing countries to benefit from new, tropically adapted breeds that are more productive, profitable, healthy, and resilient to climate change. The strategic objectives are to 1) develop new genetic and genomic tools to address challenges in tropical livestock productivity, 2) strengthen capacity and training of livestock researchers in developing countries, and 3) develop partnerships to scale up new breeds and technologies for tropical environments.
N2Africa project in strengthening the capacity of partners working within leg...ILRI
The document summarizes donations and capacity building efforts of the N2Africa project in Ethiopia. The project donated a laminar flow cabinet, four pickup trucks, and ten motorbikes to various universities and research institutions. It supported one PhD student and trained over 1100 specialists in topics like inoculant technology and gender mainstreaming. Finally, the project worked with over 25,000 smallholder farmers on improved legume production and reached 30 districts across 4 regions of Ethiopia.
The 1st Ever All Africa Congress on Biotechnology was held in Nairobi, Kenya from September 22-26, 2008 with over 400 delegates from 39 countries discussing harnessing biotechnology for food security and development in Africa. [2] Key outcomes included the Nairobi Declaration supporting Africa's adoption of agricultural biotechnology, and recommendations to establish regional biotechnology programs and an African Biotechnology Trust Fund to coordinate efforts. [3] Future plans outlined convening another congress in 2-3 years and strengthening the Agricultural Biotechnology Network in Africa to advance biotechnology on the continent.
The Biosciences eastern and central Africa-International Livestock Research Institute (BecA-ILRI) Hub and the John Innes Centre (JIC) have formed an alliance to strengthen their support of African agricultural research. By leveraging their respective expertise and resources, the alliance aims to empower African scientists and institutions to address key agricultural challenges through bioscience. Initial activities under the 2014 memorandum of understanding between BecA-ILRI and JIC include transferring synthetic biology platforms, staff exchanges, and jointly training students. The goal of the ongoing collaboration is to maximize the impact of their research on food security in Africa.
Policy innovations and opportunities for Africa’s BioeconomyAKADEMIYA2063
This document summarizes a presentation on policy innovations and opportunities for Africa's bioeconomy. It defines bioeconomy as the production and use of biomass through innovation and processing biomaterials. It outlines continental and regional frameworks supporting bioeconomy development in Africa. Opportunities created include sustainable production, climate resilience, new value chains, and jobs. Key enabling factors are governance, research and innovation, infrastructure, and finance. The document examines experiences in Ghana, Namibia, South Africa, and Uganda and recommends identifying priority sectors, strengthening R&D and markets, regulating sustainability, and providing advisory boards to guide bioeconomy development.
The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) has been awarded the 2021 Africa Food Prize, for work that has improved food security across 13 countries in sub-Saharan Africa. ICRISAT, a CGIAR Research Center, is a non-profit, non-political public international research organization that conducts agricultural research for development in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa with a wide array of partners throughout the world.
Bioresources Innovations Network for Eastern African Development ILRI
The Bio-Innovate Program is a 5-year, $10.7 million program funded by Sida to promote bioscience innovation in eastern Africa. It focuses on improving crop productivity, climate change adaptation, waste management and value addition. Through competitive grants, it supports multi-country, multi-institutional projects in these areas. Its goals are to strengthen bioscience innovation systems in the region to address challenges like food security and environmental sustainability.
Better lives through livestock: ILRI’s livestock research for development app...ILRI
Presented by Boleslaw Stawicki at the Workshop on transforming livelihoods in South Asia through sustainable livestock research and development, Kathmandu, Nepal, 13-14 November 2018
Poster prepared by ACGG Team for the 7th Multi-Stakeholder Partnership Meeting of the Global Agenda for Sustainable Livestock, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 8–12 May 2017
The document is the 2015 annual report of the BecA-ILRI Hub. It summarizes the Hub's activities over the past year, including strengthening the capacity of African scientists through partnerships between national agricultural research systems, international research institutions, and the Hub. Some of the key research highlighted includes developing strategies to control diseases affecting important crops like rice, beans and maize in Africa. The report also discusses the Hub's efforts to improve livestock productivity through research on alternative forage options and control of diseases like African swine fever. It provides an overview of the Hub's partnerships, capacity building activities, technology platforms, and financial resources in 2015.
Africa RISING: Innovation for Development Highlightsafrica-rising
Through its Africa RISING project, ILRI has developed sustainable intensification technologies for crops and livestock in collaboration with nine CGIAR centers and development partners. These technologies have been validated and adopted by over 200,000 smallholder farmers. Key aspects that set Africa RISING apart include its use of diagnostic studies to identify innovations, engagement of farmers in testing, and adoption of a systems approach. The project has improved crops through new varieties and management practices, as well as livestock productivity through improved forages.
Centre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health—Delivering genetic gains fo...ILRI
This document outlines the mission, vision, and strategic objectives of the Coalition for Tropical Livestock Genetic Gains (CTLGH). The mission is to advance genomic science from temperate livestock and transfer it to tropical systems to increase sustainable productivity and resilience. The vision is for livestock producers in tropical developing countries to benefit from new, tropically adapted breeds that are more productive, profitable, healthy, and resilient to climate change. The strategic objectives are to 1) develop new genetic and genomic tools to address challenges in tropical livestock productivity, 2) strengthen capacity and training of livestock researchers in developing countries, and 3) develop partnerships to scale up new breeds and technologies for tropical environments.
N2Africa project in strengthening the capacity of partners working within leg...ILRI
The document summarizes donations and capacity building efforts of the N2Africa project in Ethiopia. The project donated a laminar flow cabinet, four pickup trucks, and ten motorbikes to various universities and research institutions. It supported one PhD student and trained over 1100 specialists in topics like inoculant technology and gender mainstreaming. Finally, the project worked with over 25,000 smallholder farmers on improved legume production and reached 30 districts across 4 regions of Ethiopia.
The 1st Ever All Africa Congress on Biotechnology was held in Nairobi, Kenya from September 22-26, 2008 with over 400 delegates from 39 countries discussing harnessing biotechnology for food security and development in Africa. [2] Key outcomes included the Nairobi Declaration supporting Africa's adoption of agricultural biotechnology, and recommendations to establish regional biotechnology programs and an African Biotechnology Trust Fund to coordinate efforts. [3] Future plans outlined convening another congress in 2-3 years and strengthening the Agricultural Biotechnology Network in Africa to advance biotechnology on the continent.
The Biosciences eastern and central Africa-International Livestock Research Institute (BecA-ILRI) Hub and the John Innes Centre (JIC) have formed an alliance to strengthen their support of African agricultural research. By leveraging their respective expertise and resources, the alliance aims to empower African scientists and institutions to address key agricultural challenges through bioscience. Initial activities under the 2014 memorandum of understanding between BecA-ILRI and JIC include transferring synthetic biology platforms, staff exchanges, and jointly training students. The goal of the ongoing collaboration is to maximize the impact of their research on food security in Africa.
Policy innovations and opportunities for Africa’s BioeconomyAKADEMIYA2063
This document summarizes a presentation on policy innovations and opportunities for Africa's bioeconomy. It defines bioeconomy as the production and use of biomass through innovation and processing biomaterials. It outlines continental and regional frameworks supporting bioeconomy development in Africa. Opportunities created include sustainable production, climate resilience, new value chains, and jobs. Key enabling factors are governance, research and innovation, infrastructure, and finance. The document examines experiences in Ghana, Namibia, South Africa, and Uganda and recommends identifying priority sectors, strengthening R&D and markets, regulating sustainability, and providing advisory boards to guide bioeconomy development.
The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) has been awarded the 2021 Africa Food Prize, for work that has improved food security across 13 countries in sub-Saharan Africa. ICRISAT, a CGIAR Research Center, is a non-profit, non-political public international research organization that conducts agricultural research for development in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa with a wide array of partners throughout the world.
Bioresources Innovations Network for Eastern African Development ILRI
The Bio-Innovate Program is a 5-year, $10.7 million program funded by Sida to promote bioscience innovation in eastern Africa. It focuses on improving crop productivity, climate change adaptation, waste management and value addition. Through competitive grants, it supports multi-country, multi-institutional projects in these areas. Its goals are to strengthen bioscience innovation systems in the region to address challenges like food security and environmental sustainability.
Biosciences capacity building in Africa: Lessons learned from Biosciences eas...ExternalEvents
Biosciences capacity building in Africa: Lessons learned from Biosciences eastern and central Africa (BecA) presentation by "Helen Altshul, Biosciences eastern and central Africa, Nairobi, Kenya
"
Postharvest feed handling and utilization innovation africa-rising
This document summarizes efforts to reduce postharvest feed losses and improve feed utilization in smallholder systems in Ethiopia. Methods included training farmers in conservation practices and feed formulation. Improved feed troughs and sheds were constructed and demonstrated, reducing feed waste by over 30% and improving feed quality. Analysis found the costs of the troughs and sheds could be recovered within 6 months and 2-3 years, respectively. Over 140 troughs were subsequently scaled up with partners. Challenges to wider adoption included the need for locally suitable materials and designs.
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Presentation by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 28–30 November 2023.
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Poster by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione presented at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 29 November 2023.
A training, certification and marketing scheme for informal dairy vendors in ...ILRI
Presentation by Silvia Alonso, Jef L. Leroy, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas and Delia Grace at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Milk safety and child nutrition impacts of the MoreMilk training, certificati...ILRI
Poster by Silvia Alonso, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas, Delia Grace and Jef L. Leroy presented at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Preventing the next pandemic: a 12-slide primer on emerging zoonotic diseasesILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
Preventing preventable diseases: a 12-slide primer on foodborne diseaseILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
Preventing a post-antibiotic era: a 12-slide primer on antimicrobial resistanceILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help enhance one's emotional well-being and mental clarity.
Food safety research in low- and middle-income countriesILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet at the first technical meeting to launch the Food Safety Working Group under the One Health Partnership framework, Hanoi, Vietnam, 28 September 2023
The Food Safety Working Group (FSWG) in Vietnam was created in 2015 at the request of the Deputy Prime Minister to address food safety issues in the country. It brings together government agencies, ministries, and development partners to facilitate joint policy dialogue and improve food safety. Over eight years of operations led by different organizations, the FSWG has contributed to various initiatives. However, it faces challenges of diminished government participation over time and dependence on active members. Going forward, it will strengthen its operations by integrating under Vietnam's One Health Partnership framework to better engage stakeholders and achieve policy impacts.
Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in UgandaILRI
Presentation by Lordrick Alinaitwe, Martin Wainaina, Salome Dürr, Clovice Kankya, Velma Kivali, James Bugeza, Martin Richter, Kristina Roesel, Annie Cook and Anne Mayer-Scholl at the University of Bern Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences Symposium, Bern, Switzerland, 29 June 2023.
Assessing meat microbiological safety and associated handling practices in bu...ILRI
Presentation by Patricia Koech, Winnie Ogutu, Linnet Ochieng, Delia Grace, George Gitao, Lily Bebora, Max Korir, Florence Mutua and Arshnee Moodley at the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Ecological factors associated with abundance and distribution of mosquito vec...ILRI
Poster by Max Korir, Joel Lutomiah and Bernard Bett presented the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Practices and drivers of antibiotic use in Kenyan smallholder dairy farmsILRI
Poster by Lydiah Kisoo, Dishon M. Muloi, Walter Oguta, Daisy Ronoh, Lynn Kirwa, James Akoko, Eric Fèvre, Arshnee Moodley and Lillian Wambua presented at Tropentag 2023, Berlin, Germany, 20–22 September 2023.
CLASS 12th CHEMISTRY SOLID STATE ppt (Animated)eitps1506
Description:
Dive into the fascinating realm of solid-state physics with our meticulously crafted online PowerPoint presentation. This immersive educational resource offers a comprehensive exploration of the fundamental concepts, theories, and applications within the realm of solid-state physics.
From crystalline structures to semiconductor devices, this presentation delves into the intricate principles governing the behavior of solids, providing clear explanations and illustrative examples to enhance understanding. Whether you're a student delving into the subject for the first time or a seasoned researcher seeking to deepen your knowledge, our presentation offers valuable insights and in-depth analyses to cater to various levels of expertise.
Key topics covered include:
Crystal Structures: Unravel the mysteries of crystalline arrangements and their significance in determining material properties.
Band Theory: Explore the electronic band structure of solids and understand how it influences their conductive properties.
Semiconductor Physics: Delve into the behavior of semiconductors, including doping, carrier transport, and device applications.
Magnetic Properties: Investigate the magnetic behavior of solids, including ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism, and ferrimagnetism.
Optical Properties: Examine the interaction of light with solids, including absorption, reflection, and transmission phenomena.
With visually engaging slides, informative content, and interactive elements, our online PowerPoint presentation serves as a valuable resource for students, educators, and enthusiasts alike, facilitating a deeper understanding of the captivating world of solid-state physics. Explore the intricacies of solid-state materials and unlock the secrets behind their remarkable properties with our comprehensive presentation.
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defectsSérgio Sacani
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
Anti-Universe And Emergent Gravity and the Dark UniverseSérgio Sacani
Recent theoretical progress indicates that spacetime and gravity emerge together from the entanglement structure of an underlying microscopic theory. These ideas are best understood in Anti-de Sitter space, where they rely on the area law for entanglement entropy. The extension to de Sitter space requires taking into account the entropy and temperature associated with the cosmological horizon. Using insights from string theory, black hole physics and quantum information theory we argue that the positive dark energy leads to a thermal volume law contribution to the entropy that overtakes the area law precisely at the cosmological horizon. Due to the competition between area and volume law entanglement the microscopic de Sitter states do not thermalise at sub-Hubble scales: they exhibit memory effects in the form of an entropy displacement caused by matter. The emergent laws of gravity contain an additional ‘dark’ gravitational force describing the ‘elastic’ response due to the entropy displacement. We derive an estimate of the strength of this extra force in terms of the baryonic mass, Newton’s constant and the Hubble acceleration scale a0 = cH0, and provide evidence for the fact that this additional ‘dark gravity force’ explains the observed phenomena in galaxies and clusters currently attributed to dark matter.
Evidence of Jet Activity from the Secondary Black Hole in the OJ 287 Binary S...Sérgio Sacani
Wereport the study of a huge optical intraday flare on 2021 November 12 at 2 a.m. UT in the blazar OJ287. In the binary black hole model, it is associated with an impact of the secondary black hole on the accretion disk of the primary. Our multifrequency observing campaign was set up to search for such a signature of the impact based on a prediction made 8 yr earlier. The first I-band results of the flare have already been reported by Kishore et al. (2024). Here we combine these data with our monitoring in the R-band. There is a big change in the R–I spectral index by 1.0 ±0.1 between the normal background and the flare, suggesting a new component of radiation. The polarization variation during the rise of the flare suggests the same. The limits on the source size place it most reasonably in the jet of the secondary BH. We then ask why we have not seen this phenomenon before. We show that OJ287 was never before observed with sufficient sensitivity on the night when the flare should have happened according to the binary model. We also study the probability that this flare is just an oversized example of intraday variability using the Krakow data set of intense monitoring between 2015 and 2023. We find that the occurrence of a flare of this size and rapidity is unlikely. In machine-readable Tables 1 and 2, we give the full orbit-linked historical light curve of OJ287 as well as the dense monitoring sample of Krakow.
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically youngSérgio Sacani
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
PPT on Alternate Wetting and Drying presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024.
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdfSelcen Ozturkcan
Ozturkcan, S., Berndt, A., & Angelakis, A. (2024). Mending clothing to support sustainable fashion. Presented at the 31st Annual Conference by the Consortium for International Marketing Research (CIMaR), 10-13 Jun 2024, University of Gävle, Sweden.
Accelerating Africa’s agricultural development through biosciences
1. Background one nice
photograph with
Title
Established by the African Union New Partnership for Africa’s Development and the
International Livestock Research Institute, the BecA-ILRI Hub is a state-of-the-art shared
biosciences facility to accelerate agricultural development in Africa
Products
Accessible state-of-the-art bioscience research
facilities for African agricultural development
Tailored capacity development to enable African
scientists and institutions to apply bioscience tools
to solve agricultural challenges
Bioscience research solutions to address crop and
livestock improvement, food safety and improved
nutrition, climate change mitigation and adaptation
Why?
Improved accessibility of high-end biosciences
infrastructure within Africa accelerates agricultural
development
Strengthening capacity of African scientists and
institutions to use and apply high-end biosciences
tools facilitates the adoption of new technologies
Mobilizing bioscience capacities in Africa and
beyond enhances joint actions to increase
productivity, sustainability and resilience
Milk production
doubled in Kenya
and Rwanda where
climate-smart
Brachiaria forages
introduced
Over 1,000 African
scientists trained
in fellowships and
workshops since
2010
70 new scientists
using high-end
facilities
each year
Accelerating Africa’s agricultural
development through biosciences
We thank all donors that globally support our work through their contributions to the CGIAR system
This poster is licensed for use under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence (January 2018)