The document discusses musical rhythm, beat, tempo, notes, note values, rests, and time signatures. It defines rhythm as the pattern of pulses in music. It explains that the beat divides time into equal lengths and the tempo is the speed of the beat. Notes indicate the pitch and duration musicians play. Note values include whole notes, half notes, quarter notes, and shorter notes. Time signatures written at the beginning of sheet music show the number of beats per measure and which note value equals one beat.