The document discusses the evolution of the Internet from its origins as ARPANET in 1969 to the present day Internet. It describes how ARPANET, developed by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), linked universities and allowed researchers to share information. It then explains how the National Science Foundation (NSF) connected its network (NSFnet) to ARPANET in 1986, creating what became known as the Internet. The summary concludes by noting that today over 550 million hosts are connected globally to the Internet network.

1. Topic 3
INTERNET TECHNOLOGY
3.2 The Internet
3.2.1 Overview of the Internet
3.2.1.1 Evolution of the Internet
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2. Learning Outcome
At the end of this topic, students should be able to:
• Discuss the evolution of the Internet.
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3. Definition of Internet
 The Internet:
• The Internet is a worldwide collection of
networks that links millions of
businesses, government agencies, educational
institutions, and individuals.
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4. Evolution of the Internet
 The Internet originated as ARPANET in
September 1969 and had two main goals:
Allow scientists at
Function even if part of
different physical
the network were
locations to share
disabled or destroyed
information and work
by a disaster
together
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5. Evolution of the Internet
1995 NSFNet
1984
1986 NSF terminates
ARPANET
connects its network Today More
1969 has more
NSFnet to on the 1996 than 550
ARPANET than 1,000
ARPANET Internet and Internet2 is million hosts
becomes individual
and becomes resumes founded connect to
functional computers
known as status as the Internet
linked as
the Internet research
hosts
network
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6. Evolution of the Internet
 What is ARPANET?
• ARPA (Advanced Research Projects Agency), is
an agency of the U.S. Department of Defense.
• The network which called ARPANET, became
functional in September 1969, linking scientific
and academics researchers across U.S.
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7. Evolution of the Internet
 What is ARPANET?
• ARPANET consisted of 4 main computers located at:
• University of California, Los Angeles.
• University of California, Santa Barbara.
• The Stanford Research Institute.
• University of Utah.
• Each of these computers served as a host on the
network, commonly known today as server.
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8. Evolution of the Internet
 Who is NSF?
• NSF is the National Science Foundation, that
connected its huge network of five
supercomputer centers, called NSFnet to
ARPANET in 1986.
• The configuration of complex networks and
hosts became known as the Internet.
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9. Evolution of the Internet
 Each organization is responsible only for maintaining its
own network.
 No single person, company, institution, or government
agency controls or owns the Internet.
 The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) oversees
research and sets guidelines and standards.
 Internet2 is a non-profit research & development
project, that connects more than 200 universities and
115 companies via a high-speed private network to
develop and test advanced network technologies (e.g.:
telemedicine, digital libraries & faster Internet services).
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10. Evolution of the Internet
1995 NSFNet
1984
1986 NSF terminates
ARPANET
connects its network Today More
1969 has more
NSFnet to on the 1996 than 550
ARPANET than 1,000
ARPANET Internet and Internet2 is million hosts
becomes individual
and becomes resumes founded connect to
functional computers
known as status as the Internet
linked as
the Internet research
hosts
network
10

11. Topic Review
1. The __________________ is a worldwide
collection of networks that links millions of
businesses, government
agencies, educational institutions, and
individuals.
2. The Internet has its roots in a networking
project started by the Pentagon’s
______________, an agency of the U.S.
Department of Defense.
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12. Topic Review
3. The Internet has its roots in
_________________, a network that
became functional in 1969, linking
scientific and academic researchers
across the United States.
4. The ______________________________
oversees research related to the Internet.
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13. Topic Review
5. In 1986, the National Science Foundation
(NSF) connected its huge network of five
supercomputer centers, called NSFnet, to
___________________.
6. The mission of
________________________ is to
contribute to the growth of the Web.
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14. Topic Review
Q1: What is Internet?
Q2: What are the goals of ARPANET?
Q3: How did the Internet evolve?
Q4: Who is W3C?
Q5: What is Internet2?
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