The Aztecs used two main farming techniques: chinampas and terracing. Chinampas were small floating islands built in lakes and ponds, where they grew crops like maize, squash, and beans. Terracing involved building stone shelves into hillsides to create more farmland. Farming in the capital city of Tenochtitlan was limited due to scarce land, so the Aztecs supplemented their food by trading with neighboring areas.