The document provides an overview of three major pre-Columbian civilizations in the Americas: the Mayans, Aztecs, and Incas. It discusses the locations and landscapes of these civilizations, as well as some of their major cities. Key cultural aspects covered include architecture, agriculture, mathematics, calendars, and religious practices such as human sacrifice. Photos accompany the text to illustrate examples of artifacts, structures, and terrain related to each civilization.

1. Pre-Columbian Civilizations In the Americas

2. Early Human Migrations

3. Origins of the Peoples of the Americas? Sculpture from the Americas

4. Major Pre-Columbian Civilizations

5. The Mayans

6. Lands of the Mayans The Yucatan Peninsula

7. Chichen-Itza - Pyramid

8. Chichen-Itza - Observatory

9. Chichen-Itza - Ball Court

10. Mayan Cultivation of Maize Chac, God of Rain 

11. Mayan Underground Granaries: Chultunes

12. Overview of Tikal (Guatemala) Temple of the Masks

13. Tikal Jungle View at Sunset

14. Tikal - Main Court

15. Tikal: Temple of the Masks

16. Tikal - Wall Mask of the Rain God

17. Mayan Glyphs Mayan Mathematics sky king house child city

18. Mayan Glyphs

19. Mayan Drinking Cup for Chocolate

20. Pakal : The Maya Astronaut

21. Quetzalcoatl: The God of Wisdom & Learning

22. The Aztecs

23. Lands of the Aztecs

24. Aztec View of Tenochtitlan

25. Ruins of the City Center, Tenochtitlan

26. The Codex Mendoza : The Founding of Tenochtitlan

27. Tenochtitlan: The “Venice” of the Americas

28. Aztec Chinampa or Floating Garden: 15ft. to 30ft. wide

29. Tenochtitlan - Chinampas

30. Aztec Math Aztec Writing

31. Aztec Sun Stone -- Calendar

32. Aztec Sun Motifs

33. Aztec Codex (15c Manuscript)

34. The Aztecs Were Fierce Warriors

35. Aztecs Sacrifice Neighboring Tribes to the Sun God

36. Heart Sacrifice on an Aztec Temple Pyramid

37. Wall of Skulls, Tenochtitlan

38. Sacrificial Statue, Tenochtitlan

39. Aztec Gold

40. The Incas

41. Lands of the Incas

42. Cuzco: A ncient Capital of the Inca (11,000 ft. above sea level)

43. Machu Picchu

44. Machu Picchu

45. Incan Suspension Bridges

46. Incan Terrace Farming

47. Incan Digging Sticks

48. Maize in Incan Pottery & Gold Work

49. Over 100 Different Types of Potatoes Cultivated by the Incans

50. Produce from a Typical Incan Market

51. Incan Ceramic Jars Peanut Potato Squash Cacao God Cacao Pod

52. The Quipu : An Incan Database

53. Incan Mummies

54. Inca Gold & Silver