AYURVEDA ITIHSA (HISTORY OF AYURVEDA ) For 1st Phase BAMS. vyutpatti of AYURVEDA ITIHASA,Ayurveda Derivation,About the Yuga and about peoples, origin of Disease ,PRE VEDIC AND Post Vedic Period are explained.

1. AYURVEDA ITIHASA
History of AYURVEDA

2. INTRODUCTION
• Purpose of Itihasa –
 The word “Itihasa” consists of three compoonents
 इति,ह,आस – एवम् अयम् आसीि् तिल – इतिहासः।
Means it has happened, like this
Thus the word denotes that the “Past” of such an
event or subject might have happened like this.

3. History with special reference to
Ayurveda
• Shilaleka - has Monuments and Stone-
Inscription,history of the contemporary kings and
poets,clues obtained from the writings of the sages
and saints of Ayurveda and allied subjects.
• No body knows exactly about who those
Charaka,Vagbhata,Bhela etc.

4. Ayurveda Itihasa -
• Definition of Ayurveda –
• आयुषः वेदः – आयुवेदः
• आयुरस्मिन् तवद्यिे इति - आयुवेदः
• आयुरनेन तविंदिंति इति - आयुवेदः

5. The derivation of the word Ayurveda?
• आयुः तवध्यिे इति आयुवेदः ।
• The veda that deals with ayu is calledd Ayurveda
• आयुः तवध्यिे अस्मिन् ।
• The veda from which details of ayu is known as ayurvda
• आयुः वेदयति ।
• The veda that teaches about ayu
• अनेन आयुः तवन्दति ।
• That from which man learns about his life
• आयुः तवध्यिे तवचाययिे अनेन ।
• That from which ayu can be studied,examined,srutinised is known as
ayurveda

6. • The Veda or Knowledge of such a life is called
“Ayurveda”and its history is known as Ayurveda
Itihasa.
• VEDA –
• This word is derived from the Dhatu “तवद् ”which
means to know..
• Veda infact carries some other specific meaning
also.

7. • तहिातहििं सुखिं दुःखमायुस्तस्य तहिातहिम् ।
मानिं च िच्च यत्रोक्तमायुवेदः स उच्यिे ॥(चरि)
• आयुः is classified into 4 types
• तहिायु (hitayu)
• अतहिायु(ahitayu)
• सुखम्(sukham)
• दुःखम्(dukham)

8. Explanation of आयु
1.तहिायु (hitaayu)-
• One who always speaks the truth,who follows
धमय,अर्य,िाम,
• Who gives respect to the elders
• Who tries to help others are the लक्षण’s of a
person having hitayu

9. 2.अतहिायु(ahitayu)-
• Telling lie,who not follows धमय,अर्य,िाम
• The opposite qualities of hitayu are the लक्षण
of अतहिायु

10. • सुखायु-(sukhayu)
• One who has good health of शरीर and मनस् with
बल,वीयय,पराक्रम,ज्नान
• Who enjoys the इस्मियार्य’s are the lakshana of the person
having sukhayu

11. • 4.दुःखायु (Dukhayu)
• One who not maintaining the health
• One always in sadness that is called dukhayu

12. Origin of Disease on this eath.How ill
Health has start?
• The moment life has started it is bound to face some
fluctuation also leading to disease.
• Maintaenance of normalcy and equilibrium of living
human machine is almost impossible.

13. How the ill Health has started on this
Earth?
• Whether it is imaginary or inferential,Charaka in
his Vimana sthana states that there were no disease
at all in Krita yuga.
• But in course of time,the man for the first time
developed mooral degradation called “Ati
Sanchayechchca”
• All the people were no disease at all in the
begining.all are truthfull and leading a simple life
with high thinking.
• Since there was no greediness in them there were no
quarrels or conflicts among them.

14. In Krita Yuga -
• Atyaadaana – sareera Gourava(obesity)
– shrama –Alasya – sanchaya –
accumulation of fat and toxins in the
body - parigraha – lobha
• Then by the end of Krita yuga the
standards of life and Dharma have lost
25% of them.

15. In Treta Yuga-
• लोभ – अतभद्रोह – असत्यवचनम् – िाम
– क्रोध –मान ,द्वेश – पारुश्य – अतभघाि
– भय – िाप – शोि- तचन्ता –उद्वेग –
उद्वेग the ultimate enemy to
health is tension an anxiety.
• Thus in Treta Yuga another quarter
of dharma has lost.

16. In Dwapara Yuga -
• Because of िाम,क्रोध etc the Dharma
has gone down to 50% in Dwapara
Yuga.
• The आयुः प्रमाण also has gone down to
50% this means the average life span
which was 400 years in Krita yuga has
come down to 200 in Dwapara Yuga
and 100in Kali Yuga.

17. • As a written scripture was rendered by the creator Brahma
long before he has created the MAN.
• It was Brahma Samhita consisting of one lakh shlokas in
1000chapters.
• Creation or production of an objects is sure to get
damages.
• So the creator must have kept all the instrument and
equipments ready in his hand to repair the human
machine made by him.
• That is why Ayurveda is eternal.

18. • There is another logic behind the अनातदत्व – beginningless
of Ayurveda.
• When the life has started ,its disease also has started
forthwith.
• Whenever disease is there then the man also will actively
think about its remedy.

19. As per Dr.Osler
• Even the lower animals like cats,monkeys,could find out
remedies for some of their aliments.
• Hippopotamus when it suffers phlebitis(shira shodha)
goes to the bank of a river and apposes its enlarged veins
to the sharp thrones of a tree or pin pointed stones and
drains out its blood clots.
• Dogs suffering from Ajeerna produce vomiting either by
squeezing their stomach or by eating some emetic herbs.
• Cats when mentally and emotionally disturbed,pickup a
sedative plant called Valerian and get sedation and
tranquillity.

20. • Toads take “Plant ago” a rejuvenating plant for their
strength.
• Monkeys know the hemostatic herbs like “visalya
karani”and apply its ‘Patra kalka’ to the bleeding wounds.
• Dogs bring out saliva by protruding their tongue in
summer to eliminate excess heat through saliva.
• Thus the unintelligent animals also know the medicine to
some extent.
• Even the Vedas and Ayurveda proclaim the same fact.

21. • आत्मनो आिाशः सम्भूिः आिाशाद्वायुः वायोरतनः अने रापः
अद्भ्यः पृतर्तव पृतर्व्या ओषधयः ओषधीभ्योरन्नम् अन्नाि् पुरुषः ॥
• After the genesis of Mahabhutas,the first creation was
that of herbs next food and lastly the man and others
living beings.
• वराहो वेद वीरुतधम् नि
ु लो वेद भेषजम् । सपा गन्धवाय या तवदुस्ता
अिा अवसेहुिे । - अर्वयवेद
• What all the remedies that are known to pigs and
mongoose and snakes let though also use them.Give me
those herbs which are known to Angira birds,and also to
the wild animals.give me those plants which are useful to
cows and sheep.

22. • या सुपणाय अङ्गीरतस तदव्या या रघटतवदुः पयािंतस हिंसाया तवदुयायश्च
सवे पितत्रणः मृगयातवदुरोषधीस्ता अिा अवसेहुिे ॥
• This gives us a clue that the lower animals can adopt
their own treatment just through their natural instinct
and this is a guidance for scientists and botanists to
conduct further research.
• याविीनामोषधीनािं गावः प्राश्यन्त्यद्या याविीनामजावयः
िाविीस्तुभ्यमोषधीः शमय यच्छन्त्त्वायुिाः ॥
• In Sushruta kalpa sthana we find reverse of it.Animals
can recognise the poisonous also and they react through
certain behavioural changes and expressions.

23. PRAGVAIDIKA KALA (Pre-vedic period)
• It is very difficulty to mention a particular century as the
pre vedic period age,but only wayout that is left for us is to
depend upon some evidencsof human existance and
development with the help of fossils,
monuments,metals, remnants of buildings constructed by
the people of olden days etc.discovered during the
excavation.
• Pre vedic period must be long before 6000 B.C and was
the period of Ayans only.

24. Why the truth did not come out till
today?
• Absence of Vykti Nishta – Personality complex cult in
Ancient Indians.
• Communication gap
• High handedness and superiority complex of Europian
historians.
• Foreign invansion on India
• Lack of Integrity and Patriotism modern Indians.
• Wrong notation created and highlighted by the Moghul
and British.

25. • The people were more depend on “DAIVA
VYAPASHRAYA CHIKITSA”spiritual healing,probably
the treatment must have been based on
Mantras,Tantras etc.
• Some vague knowledge about the properties and
action of herbs might be there.
• The people might have learnt some remedies by
observing the animals and birds.
• Ther e were Mantras for the snake bite ,fever etc
• There is no information with evidence of the existance
of any medical science before 3000B.C.
• It extend from 100000 years B.C TO 25000 B.C.

26. PRAGAITIHASIKA KALA (Pre-
Historical Period)
• The modern science says that this creation is aged
about 450 crore years
• Age of this earth 450 crore years.
• Age of the human species-5 million years
• This age is too litle according to Indian calculation.
• In Bhgavadgeeta says-
• सहस्सर युगपययन्तिं अहययद् ब्रह्मणो तवदुः ।
• रातत्रिं युगसहस्रान्तािं िेऽहो रात्र तवदोजनाः ॥

27. • One thousand Maha Yugas (4yugas) make half a day to the
“brahma” as on today.
• The present Brahma after he came into power has passed
only forenoon,means 11 o’clok morning.
• It means about 450 maha yugas are completed for the
present Brahma.
• There had been several such Brahmas and Manus,2007 is
vyvaswata manvantara passed away on completion of thei
tenure.

28. • A theory is one of the sources for the historiacity of
this creature according to this-
• The Age of the Earth – 20 lakh years
• Acc.Babilonian Civilization – 5 lakh years
• Iranian Belief -12000 years
• Europians Belief -6000 years

29. According to the Ancient Astrologers-
• Age of this creation – 197 crore 29 lakh 50000 years.
• Age of the earth planet – 4 crore 32 lakh years.
• ऋग्वेद expresses its wonder and astonishment about
the origin and existence of man on this earth in the
following words –
• िो ददशय प्रर्मिं जायमानमस्मथर् वन्तम् ।
• भवनस्यातबभततय भुम्या अश्रु ।
• अश्रु दस्रुगात्म क्वस्मिि् ।

30. Human civilization divided into 4
types-
•पूवय पाषाण युग
•मध्यम पाषाण युग
•उतर पाषाण युग
•लोह युग

31. पूवय पाषाण युग -
Hunting Animals from distance and to slice the
meat so procured by killing the Animals.
For this man started to make sharp weapons with
stones.
Gradually he started using bones,horns,ivory to
prepare more sharp weapons
At last in this age he could invent the equipment of
Archery.

33. Food -
• Solely natural,unaware of agriculture and catling.
• Food was just fruits,flowers,meat of wild animals.
• Fish is also was procured.
• CLOTHING –
• For four thousand years in this age then was
roaming naked.
• Later protect himself from the heat and cold he
started using barks of trees and leather of killed
animals and naturally dead animls

34. Dwelling places -
• In open places in the primitive days,especially on the
branches of trees,and in the river banks.
• He was not aware of mountain caves also in the
beginning.
• Later on for better comfort and safety he shifted his
life to mountain caves and cages.

35. Discovery of fire for cooking and
lighting -
• Disposal of dead bodies which was before being
done by burial was shifted to burning to ashes on
fire.
• They believed that the soul of dead require food
even after their death.

36. Social life -
• Gradually the man realise the benefits of social life
and collective cooperative living.
• The man started gathering into groups and enjoying
the food and shelter collectively with mutual
cooperation.
• Thus this early stone age lasted probably upto
20000B.C

37. मध्य पाषाण युग -
• Man learned raring and taming of animals.
• Their first tamed domestic animal was Dog.
• The Dog were helping men in their hunting and
protection from wild Animals.
• In the beginning most of the land was filled with ice
and later on some of the ice filled fields were
changed to desert and forests.

38. Dwelling -
• Mainly caves,because of lack of safety they used to
shift their dwelling from place to another place in
search of safety.
• FOOD AND PROTECTION –
• Mainly hunting –stared to rare animals,for milk and
travelling –horses were used for riding and
transport.

39. Weapons and Implements -
• The man has started using smaller and finer
weapons.
• Different kinds of attractive,small,smooth and sharp
stone weapons were disigned.
• The sharp edged pin pointed stone pieces were
being fixed to the long sticks to fashion arrows
,daggers and lancets.

41. Invention of Wheel
• This is the first and foremost adventure in the
human progress probably the first wheel might have
been that of “Pot-maker” s wheel.
• With the help of this wheel man make clay pots of
different sizes and shapes.
• It seems that Philippines was the first country to
start cultivation from this age at the end.
• The fossils of this age were found in the excavation
of INDIA,SOUTH EAST,ASIA AND EUROPE.

42. नव पाषाण युग – लोह युग
• He could control the nature.
• Started cultivation and catling.
• Could organise family system and villages.
• System of marriage-has started at the end of this
age.
• Sharpening and polishing of stone implements-
with attractive architecture.
• This age might be from 5000 to 4000B.C

43. • Starting of Agriculture –when man has setup social life
by forming into families and villages,he stopped his food
procuremets through the barbarous means like hunting
and killing the wild animals.
• Then he started Plantation to yield crop in large
quantities.
• Housing – The man who was hitherto dwelling in caves
and jungles has learned to build houses with clay ,wood
and stone.
• The evidence of such buildings found in Iran,Russia,and
Syria for the first time .

44. History of Ayurveda in the Vedic Period
about 500year B.C
• The Following texts of the Vedic Period are considered to
be the Main Ones –
• Veda
• Vedanga
• Brahmana
• Aranyaka
• Upanishad
• Purana
• Smrati

45. Vedas -
• The source of all knowledge of the world is
Vedas,there are 4 Vedas
• Rugveda
• Yajurveda
• Samaveda
• Atharvaveda

46. Vedanga
• There are 6 Vedangas –
• Shiksha
• Vyakarana
• Nirukta
• Chandas
• Kalpasutra
• Jyotishy a

47. Brahmanas
• 11 types of Brahmanas
• Aranyaka Granthas are 7 in number
• Upanishad are 108 in Number
• Puranas are 18 in Number
• Smratis are 22 in number

48. History of Ayurveda in Samhita Period -
1500B.C TO 5th A.D
• Charaka Samhita is the main text of kaya medicine
• Sushruta Samhita is the main text of Surgery
• Kashyapa Samhita is the main text of Kaumarabritya
• Astanga Hridaya is said to be the essence of all the
scriptures
•