This document describes an automatic water level controller that uses four wires submerged in a tank to detect different water levels and indicate the level on an LCD display. It works by detecting conductivity of water with the submerged wires connected to an AT89C51 microcontroller. The microcontroller then displays the water level on an LCD and can control a motor. It lists the hardware components needed including the AT89C51 microcontroller, BC547 transistor, preset, piezo buzzer, and LCD. The software requirements are the Keil uVision 4.0 IDE for coding and Proteus for simulation verification.

1. Automatic water level controller
M . G E E T H A P R AT Y U S H A
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2. Contents
 Abstract
 Working Principle
 Block Diagram
 Hardware Requirements
 Software Requirements
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3. Abstract
 It illustrates the construction and working of
a liquid/water level indicator.
 Such an indicator is used in tanks to indicate the level of
liquids and alert us when the tank is full.
 So by this circuit we can monitor the various levels of the
tank and can avoid spillage of water and also we can
configure our supplies according to the various levels of
tank.
 Such module or circuit can be installed in big buildings
where manual monitor of tanks is difficult and its indicator
can be placed at some centralised place.
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4. Working principle
 This system mainly works on a principle that “water
conducts electricity”.
 The four wires which are dipped into the tank will indicate
the different water levels.
 Based on the outputs of these wires, microcontroller
displays water level on LCD as well as controls the motor.
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5. Block Diagram
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6. Hardware Requirements
 AT89C51
 BC547
 Preset
 Piezo buzzer
 LCD
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7. AT89C51
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8. Cont..
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 AT89C51 is an 8-bit microcontroller . ATMEL 89C51 has 4KB
of Flash programmable and erasable read only memory
(PEROM) and 128 bytes of RAM. It can be erased and program
to a maximum of 1000 times.
 there are four ports designated as P1, P2, P3 and P0. All these
ports are 8-bit bi-directional ports.
 Port P0 and P2 are also used to provide low byte and high byte
addresses;

9. Cont…
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 Port 3 has multiplexed pins for special functions like serial
communication, hardware interrupts, timer inputs and read/write
operation from external memory.
 AT89C51 has an inbuilt UART for serial communication. It can
be programmed to operate at different baud rates.
 Including two timers & hardware interrupts, it has a total of six
interrupts.

10. BC547
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11. Cont…
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 BC547 is an NPN bi-polar junction transistor. A transistor, stands
for transfer of resistance, is commonly used to amplify current. A
small current at its base controls a larger current at collector &
emitter terminals.

BC547 is mainly used for amplification and switching purposes.
It has a maximum current gain of 800. Its equivalent transistors
are BC548 and BC549

12. Preset
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13. Piezo Buzzer
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14. LCD
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15. Software Requirements
 Keil uVision 4.0 version for coding
 Proteusfor verifing the simulaton
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16. Thank you
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