Auditory processing disorder (APD) refers to difficulties recognizing and interpreting sounds due to problems in the brain's auditory system. Children with APD may have trouble distinguishing similar sounds like "blue" and "ball" or processing information presented orally. While the exact causes are unknown, APD is often associated with conditions like dyslexia or developmental delays. Teachers can help students with APD by presenting information both visually and orally, having students repeat back instructions, and allowing extra processing time.