Atelectasis.docx
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Atelectasis is the closure or collapse of alveoli caused by reduced alveolar ventilation or blockage preventing air from entering or leaving the alveoli. This causes trapped air in the alveoli to be absorbed while outside air cannot enter, resulting in collapse. Symptoms include cough, sputum production, fever, difficulty breathing, and low blood oxygen. Diagnosis is made through decreased breath sounds, chest x-ray findings of infiltrates or consolidation, and low oxygen saturation. Management involves removing secretions through coughing, suctioning, chest physical therapy, and medications to improve ventilation and re-expand the lungs.
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![- positive expiratorypressure orPEPtherapy(asimple maskandonewayvalve systemthat
providesvaryingamountsof expiratoryresistance [usually5to 15 cm H2O]),continuousor
intermittentpositive pressure-breathing(IPPB),orbronchoscopymaybe used.
- the secretionsmustbe removedbycoughingorsuctioningtopermitairto re-enterthat
portion of the lung.
- Chestphysical therapy(chestpercussionandpostural drainage) mayalsobe usedto
mobilize secretions.
- Nebulizertreatmentswithabronchodilatormedicationorsodium
- Bronchoscopy
- Endotracheal intubationandmechanical ventilation.
- Thoracentesis
- surgical managementmaybe indicated.](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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Atelectasis- Easy explanation
Atelectasis-
lung anatomy & physiology
definition
types
causes
clinical manifestations
assessment & diagnstic tests
orevention
treatment
easy explanation for nursing students
Atelectasis
Atelectasis is defined as the collapse or closure of the lung resulting in reduced or absent gas exchange. It develops when alveoli become airless from absorption of air without replacement through breathing. Common causes include obstruction of the airway by secretions, diminished distention of alveoli due to chest wall issues or neuromuscular disorders, and anesthesia effects. Signs include cough, dyspnea, and hypoxemia. Treatment focuses on clearing secretions through positioning, deep breathing, and chest physical therapy. Bronchodilators and mucolytics may also be used, along with mechanical ventilation for severe cases.
Atelectasis IN CHILD
Atelectasis is the collapse or closure of part or all of the lung, reducing or preventing gas exchange. It can be primary in preterm infants due to immature respiratory muscles, or secondary from obstruction by mucus, tumors, or surgery. Clinically, it presents with rapid breathing, retractions, cyanosis, and cough. Diagnosis is by chest x-ray and other tests. Complications include emphysema, infections, and fibrosis. Treatment focuses on positioning, suctioning mucus, oxygen, and preventing infections. Nursing care manages breathing, airway clearance, gas exchange, and monitors for respiratory distress.
Atelectasis
Atelectasis is the collapse or closure of the lungs caused by the absence of air in parts of the lung. It develops when alveoli become airless and collapse. Common causes include obstruction of the airways, diminished lung expansion, retained secretions, altered breathing patterns during anesthesia or sedation, and compression of the lungs. Symptoms may include cough, difficulty breathing, and low oxygen levels. Treatment focuses on removing obstructions and secretions through techniques like suctioning, chest physiotherapy, and bronchodilators to reinflate the lungs. More severe cases may require procedures like bronchoscopy or mechanical ventilation.
Atelectasis 2021
Atelectasis is the collapse or closure of the lungs caused by several factors such as obstruction of the airways, diminished lung expansion, abnormal breathing patterns, retained secretions, and compression of the lungs. It can be acute or chronic and is commonly seen post-operatively or in immobilized patients. Diagnosis is made through chest x-ray or pulse oximetry. Treatment focuses on improving ventilation through techniques such as deep breathing exercises, incentive spirometry, chest physiotherapy to clear secretions, and suctioning. Oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation may be needed for severe cases.
Atelectasis 160424141702-converted
Atelectasis is the collapse or closure of the lung resulting in reduced gas exchange. It develops when air becomes absorbed from the alveoli without being replaced during breathing. Atelectasis can be acute, such as after surgery, or chronic. Causes include obstruction of airways, diminished alveolar distention, retained secretions, and excessive pressure on lung tissues. Symptoms include cough, sputum production, respiratory distress, and decreased oxygen levels. Treatment focuses on removing obstructions and secretions through techniques like chest physiotherapy, suctioning, and bronchodilators to improve ventilation.
atelectasis
Atelectasis is the collapse or closure of part or all of the lung resulting in reduced gas exchange. It can be primary, due to prematurity or lung immaturity, or secondary due to obstruction from mucus, tumors, or surgery. Symptoms include rapid shallow breathing, cough, hypoxia, and fever. Diagnosis involves chest x-ray, sputum tests, and CT scans. Treatment focuses on positioning, suctioning mucus, oxygen therapy, and preventing infections. Nursing care manages breathing, airway clearance, gas exchange, and monitors for complications like infections.
Atelecstasis
Atelectasis is a complete or partial collapse of a lung or lobe of a lung develops when the tiny air sacs (alveoli) within the lung become deflated.
Recommended
Atelectasis- Easy explanation
Atelectasis-
lung anatomy & physiology
definition
types
causes
clinical manifestations
assessment & diagnstic tests
orevention
treatment
easy explanation for nursing students
Atelectasis
Atelectasis is defined as the collapse or closure of the lung resulting in reduced or absent gas exchange. It develops when alveoli become airless from absorption of air without replacement through breathing. Common causes include obstruction of the airway by secretions, diminished distention of alveoli due to chest wall issues or neuromuscular disorders, and anesthesia effects. Signs include cough, dyspnea, and hypoxemia. Treatment focuses on clearing secretions through positioning, deep breathing, and chest physical therapy. Bronchodilators and mucolytics may also be used, along with mechanical ventilation for severe cases.
Atelectasis IN CHILD
Atelectasis is the collapse or closure of part or all of the lung, reducing or preventing gas exchange. It can be primary in preterm infants due to immature respiratory muscles, or secondary from obstruction by mucus, tumors, or surgery. Clinically, it presents with rapid breathing, retractions, cyanosis, and cough. Diagnosis is by chest x-ray and other tests. Complications include emphysema, infections, and fibrosis. Treatment focuses on positioning, suctioning mucus, oxygen, and preventing infections. Nursing care manages breathing, airway clearance, gas exchange, and monitors for respiratory distress.
Atelectasis
Atelectasis is the collapse or closure of the lungs caused by the absence of air in parts of the lung. It develops when alveoli become airless and collapse. Common causes include obstruction of the airways, diminished lung expansion, retained secretions, altered breathing patterns during anesthesia or sedation, and compression of the lungs. Symptoms may include cough, difficulty breathing, and low oxygen levels. Treatment focuses on removing obstructions and secretions through techniques like suctioning, chest physiotherapy, and bronchodilators to reinflate the lungs. More severe cases may require procedures like bronchoscopy or mechanical ventilation.
Atelectasis 2021
Atelectasis is the collapse or closure of the lungs caused by several factors such as obstruction of the airways, diminished lung expansion, abnormal breathing patterns, retained secretions, and compression of the lungs. It can be acute or chronic and is commonly seen post-operatively or in immobilized patients. Diagnosis is made through chest x-ray or pulse oximetry. Treatment focuses on improving ventilation through techniques such as deep breathing exercises, incentive spirometry, chest physiotherapy to clear secretions, and suctioning. Oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation may be needed for severe cases.
Atelectasis 160424141702-converted
Atelectasis is the collapse or closure of the lung resulting in reduced gas exchange. It develops when air becomes absorbed from the alveoli without being replaced during breathing. Atelectasis can be acute, such as after surgery, or chronic. Causes include obstruction of airways, diminished alveolar distention, retained secretions, and excessive pressure on lung tissues. Symptoms include cough, sputum production, respiratory distress, and decreased oxygen levels. Treatment focuses on removing obstructions and secretions through techniques like chest physiotherapy, suctioning, and bronchodilators to improve ventilation.
atelectasis
Atelectasis is the collapse or closure of part or all of the lung resulting in reduced gas exchange. It can be primary, due to prematurity or lung immaturity, or secondary due to obstruction from mucus, tumors, or surgery. Symptoms include rapid shallow breathing, cough, hypoxia, and fever. Diagnosis involves chest x-ray, sputum tests, and CT scans. Treatment focuses on positioning, suctioning mucus, oxygen therapy, and preventing infections. Nursing care manages breathing, airway clearance, gas exchange, and monitors for complications like infections.
Atelecstasis
Atelectasis is a complete or partial collapse of a lung or lobe of a lung develops when the tiny air sacs (alveoli) within the lung become deflated.
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Atelectasis (collapse)
Atelectasis is defined as the collapse of pulmonary parenchyma resulting in loss of lung volume caused by inadequate expansion of airspaces. This leads to ventilation-perfusion imbalance and hypoxia. There are three main types of secondary or acquired atelectasis: resorption, compression, and contraction. Resorption atelectasis occurs due to obstruction preventing air from reaching distal airways, causing absorption of existing air and collapse. Compression atelectasis results from external pressures like pleural effusions. Contraction atelectasis involves fibrotic changes preventing full lung expansion. Atelectasis is potentially reversible through re-expansion of collapsed lung areas.
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ATELECTEASIS
Atelectasis refers to the closure or collapse of alveoli in the lungs. It can be acute, chronic, or micro- or macro-atelectasis. Symptoms include increasing dyspnea, cough, sputum production and respiratory distress. Diagnosis involves decreased breath sounds, crackles on auscultation, chest x-ray findings of consolidation or infiltrates, and hypoxemia shown by low oxygen saturation or partial pressure of oxygen. Prevention focuses on deep breathing, incentive spirometry and pulmonary toilet.
Weaning from ventilator
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1. The patient has been on mechanical ventilation for 14 days following surgery and is now being considered for weaning and extubation.
2. However, he remains sedated and is difficult to arouse, which will impair his respiratory drive and ability to protect his airway.
3. Additionally, he has edema in his lower limbs and abdomen which may interfere with ventilation and the ability to wean from the ventilator. Gradual reduction of sedation and careful monitoring will be needed.
Pulmonary atelectasis in anaesthesia
This document discusses pulmonary atelectasis, which is the collapse of lung tissue. It can occur during general anesthesia and in critically ill patients. During anesthesia, atelectasis is commonly caused by compression of the lungs or absorption of oxygen, while in critically ill patients it may be due to acute lung injury or surfactant depletion. The effects of atelectasis include decreased lung compliance and impaired oxygenation. Prevention techniques include positive pressure ventilation with PEEP and recruitment maneuvers. Treatment involves techniques to reopen collapsed lung regions.
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Pleural effusion is an accumulation of fluid in the pleural space that is usually caused by an underlying condition like heart failure, tuberculosis, or cancer. It can cause shortness of breath. Diagnosis involves physical exam, chest x-ray, and thoracentesis to analyze fluid. Treatment focuses on treating the underlying cause as well as draining fluid to relieve symptoms. Nursing care involves monitoring breathing and oxygen levels, treating fever or infection, managing pain and anxiety, and preventing complications.
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ATELECTASIS.pptx
Atelectasis is a collapse of part or all of one or both lungs. It occurs when airspaces in the lungs called alveoli deflate or fill with fluid. Atelectasis is commonly caused by obstruction of airways from mucus or foreign objects, or weakness in breathing muscles after surgery. It can be classified as obstructive or non-obstructive. Symptoms include trouble breathing, chest pain, and cyanosis. Treatment involves clearing airways through suctioning, breathing exercises, and drainage of fluid in the lungs.
ATELACTASIS.pptx
Atelectasis is the collapse or closure of the lungs caused by blocked airways or pressure from outside the lungs, resulting in reduced gas exchange. It can affect part or all of one lung. Risk factors include older age, lung diseases, smoking, and recent surgery under general anesthesia. Symptoms may include difficulty breathing, rapid shallow breathing, wheezing, and coughing. Diagnosis is made through chest x-ray or pulse oximetry. Complications can include low blood oxygen, pneumonia, and respiratory failure. Prevention focuses on keeping airways clear and encouraging deep breathing through coughing, ambulation, and incentive spirometry especially after surgery.
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Division of Interventional Pulmonology & Respiratory Critical Care
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Disampaikan pada acara PIT VI IDI Kota Bogor | 9 Nopember 2013
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Copd presentation dickson bns 3
This document discusses obstructive pulmonary disorders including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It covers the causes of these conditions such as smoking, occupational exposures, air pollution, and genetics. The pathophysiology of COPD involves damage to airways and air sacs causing airflow limitation. Symptoms include coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath. Management involves medical treatment to improve ventilation, oxygen therapy, and surgery in some cases. Nursing care focuses on managing symptoms and preventing complications like infection.
Atelectasis (collapse)
Atelectasis is defined as the collapse of pulmonary parenchyma resulting in loss of lung volume caused by inadequate expansion of airspaces. This leads to ventilation-perfusion imbalance and hypoxia. There are three main types of secondary or acquired atelectasis: resorption, compression, and contraction. Resorption atelectasis occurs due to obstruction preventing air from reaching distal airways, causing absorption of existing air and collapse. Compression atelectasis results from external pressures like pleural effusions. Contraction atelectasis involves fibrotic changes preventing full lung expansion. Atelectasis is potentially reversible through re-expansion of collapsed lung areas.
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ATELECTEASIS
Atelectasis refers to the closure or collapse of alveoli in the lungs. It can be acute, chronic, or micro- or macro-atelectasis. Symptoms include increasing dyspnea, cough, sputum production and respiratory distress. Diagnosis involves decreased breath sounds, crackles on auscultation, chest x-ray findings of consolidation or infiltrates, and hypoxemia shown by low oxygen saturation or partial pressure of oxygen. Prevention focuses on deep breathing, incentive spirometry and pulmonary toilet.
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1. The patient has been on mechanical ventilation for 14 days following surgery and is now being considered for weaning and extubation.
2. However, he remains sedated and is difficult to arouse, which will impair his respiratory drive and ability to protect his airway.
3. Additionally, he has edema in his lower limbs and abdomen which may interfere with ventilation and the ability to wean from the ventilator. Gradual reduction of sedation and careful monitoring will be needed.
Pulmonary atelectasis in anaesthesia
This document discusses pulmonary atelectasis, which is the collapse of lung tissue. It can occur during general anesthesia and in critically ill patients. During anesthesia, atelectasis is commonly caused by compression of the lungs or absorption of oxygen, while in critically ill patients it may be due to acute lung injury or surfactant depletion. The effects of atelectasis include decreased lung compliance and impaired oxygenation. Prevention techniques include positive pressure ventilation with PEEP and recruitment maneuvers. Treatment involves techniques to reopen collapsed lung regions.
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- Clinical features in children include head enlargement, vomiting, bulging fontanelle. In adults, symptoms include headache, gait changes, vision problems.
- Treatment options include medical management, surgery to bypass blockages or drain CSF externally via shunts like ventriculoperitoneal shunts, or treat the underlying cause. Complications can include infection, obstruction, hemorrhage from shunt malfunctions.
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ATELECTASIS.pptx
Atelectasis is a collapse of part or all of one or both lungs. It occurs when airspaces in the lungs called alveoli deflate or fill with fluid. Atelectasis is commonly caused by obstruction of airways from mucus or foreign objects, or weakness in breathing muscles after surgery. It can be classified as obstructive or non-obstructive. Symptoms include trouble breathing, chest pain, and cyanosis. Treatment involves clearing airways through suctioning, breathing exercises, and drainage of fluid in the lungs.
ATELACTASIS.pptx
Atelectasis is the collapse or closure of the lungs caused by blocked airways or pressure from outside the lungs, resulting in reduced gas exchange. It can affect part or all of one lung. Risk factors include older age, lung diseases, smoking, and recent surgery under general anesthesia. Symptoms may include difficulty breathing, rapid shallow breathing, wheezing, and coughing. Diagnosis is made through chest x-ray or pulse oximetry. Complications can include low blood oxygen, pneumonia, and respiratory failure. Prevention focuses on keeping airways clear and encouraging deep breathing through coughing, ambulation, and incentive spirometry especially after surgery.
ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME AND HOW TO MANAGE
ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME AND HOW TO MANAGE
Wahju Aniwidyaningsih
Division of Interventional Pulmonology & Respiratory Critical Care
Department of Pulmonology & Respiratory Medicine
Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia – Persahabatan Hospital
Disampaikan pada acara PIT VI IDI Kota Bogor | 9 Nopember 2013
evaluation of dyspnoea
Dyspnea is a subjective experience of breathing discomfort that results from interactions between physiological, psychological, social, and environmental factors. The document discusses the mechanisms, causes, evaluation, and management of dyspnea. Evaluation involves obtaining a thorough history regarding onset, timing, severity, and relieving/precipitating factors. A physical exam focuses on vital signs, respiratory exam, cardiovascular exam, and neurological exam to help identify potential causes like heart failure, COPD, pneumonia, or asthma.
Respiratory condition
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Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
A Classical Text Review on Basavarajeeyam
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Atelectasis.docx
- 1. Atelectasis Atelectasisisthe closure orcollapse of alveoli. Causes - postoperative settingorinpeople whoare immobilizedandhave ashallow,monotonous breathingpattern. - Excesssecretionsormucus - chronicairwayobstruction Pathophysiology Atelectasismayoccurinthe adultas a resultof reducedalveolarventilationoranytype of blockage that impedesthe passage of airtoand from the alveoli thatnormallyreceiveairthroughthe bronchi and networkof airways.The trappedalveolarairbecomesabsorbedintothe bloodstream, but outside aircannotreplace the absorbedairbecause of the blockage.Asa result,the isolatedportion of the lungbecomesairlessandthe alveoli collapse. Clinical Manifestations - Cough - sputumproduction - low-grade fever. - respiratorydistress - dyspnea, - tachycardia - tachypnea - pleural pain,andcentral cyanosis(abluishskinthatisa late signof hypoxemia) - difficultybreathinginthe supine positionandisanxious. Assessment and Diagnostic Findings - Decreasedbreathsoundsandcracklesare heardover the affectedarea. - chestx-rayfindingsmayreveal patchyinfiltratesorconsolidatedareas - pulse oximetry(SpO2) may show alow saturationof hemoglobinwithoxygen(lessthan 90%). Prevention- - Change patient’spositionfrequently,especiallyfromsupine touprightposition,topromote ventilationandpreventsecretionsfromaccumulating. - Encourage earlymobilizationfrombedtochairfollowedbyearlyambulation. - Encourage appropriate deepbreathingandcoughingtomobilize secretionsandprevent themfromaccumulating. - Teach/reinforce appropriate technique forincentivespirometry. - Administerprescribedopioidsandsedativesjudiciouslytopreventrespiratorydepression. - Performpostural drainage andchestpercussion,if indicated. - Institute suctioningtoremove tracheobronchial secretions,if indicated. Management
- 2. - positive expiratorypressure orPEPtherapy(asimple maskandonewayvalve systemthat providesvaryingamountsof expiratoryresistance [usually5to 15 cm H2O]),continuousor intermittentpositive pressure-breathing(IPPB),orbronchoscopymaybe used. - the secretionsmustbe removedbycoughingorsuctioningtopermitairto re-enterthat portion of the lung. - Chestphysical therapy(chestpercussionandpostural drainage) mayalsobe usedto mobilize secretions. - Nebulizertreatmentswithabronchodilatormedicationorsodium - Bronchoscopy - Endotracheal intubationandmechanical ventilation. - Thoracentesis - surgical managementmaybe indicated.