The document summarizes archaeological sites in the Atapuerca mountain range in Spain that have uncovered remains of ancient hominids. Four different species have been discovered across multiple cave sites, including Homo sp., Homo antecessor, Homo heidelbergensis, and Homo sapiens dating back hundreds of thousands of years. The sites have also yielded animal bones, plant remains, ceramic artifacts, and stone tools, providing information about the paleolithic inhabitants and later human activity in the region.

1. Steeven Daniel Olaya Merino
Fernando Martínez Ayala
Arnau Busqué Nadal

3. • It is a small mountain range
• Located in the north of Ibeas in Juarros about
500 meters far from Atapuerca, in Burgos.
•It is a karstic complex of caves.
• Discovered 4 different species of hominids.
Homo sp. (Sima del Elefante), Homo antecessor,
Homo heidelbergensis & Homo sapiens.

4. •A fragment of jaw, and a fragment of skull
•Both of the Homo heidelbergensis
•There are many remains of animals, including
a lion, as well as plants and tools.

6. •Portalón (1910-)
• Recovered ceramic remains from the late Neolithic, Age of Bronze and Lower
Roman Empire.
•Sima de los Huesos (1983-)
This site is located at the bottom of a 13-metre (43-foot) deep chimney reached by
scrambling through the cave system of the Cueva Mayor.
•Sima del Elefante (1996-)
•First they discovered a tooth in June 2007 and then, in 2008, a fragment of
jawbone, and a proximal phalanx.

7. •Cueva del Mirador (1999-)
This site provides information on farmers and ranchers from the
Neolithic and Age of Bronze.
•Orchids Valley (2000-2001) and Hundidero (2004–2005)
Stone tools from the Upper Paleolithic have been obtained from
these areas.