This presentation explains why AP Style is essential for public relations practitioners and journalists. It covers the 15 most commonly-used AP Style rules. And it features links to practice quizzes.
The presentation is a brief introduction to news writing in campus publications. It tackles the theory of social responsibility and advocacy in journalism.
Newspaper Make - Up
Describing about newspaper layout.
Information on Front Page of a newspaper
Defining the important page of a newspaper-The Editorial Page
News writing
Campus Journalism
Some of the slides are from the seminar I attended in Baguio. The lecturer was awesome! He is from Phil. Daily Inquirer.The other slides are from other sources.
The presentation is a brief introduction to news writing in campus publications. It tackles the theory of social responsibility and advocacy in journalism.
Newspaper Make - Up
Describing about newspaper layout.
Information on Front Page of a newspaper
Defining the important page of a newspaper-The Editorial Page
News writing
Campus Journalism
Some of the slides are from the seminar I attended in Baguio. The lecturer was awesome! He is from Phil. Daily Inquirer.The other slides are from other sources.
Running head APA QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE 1 STRAYER UNIVE.docxjoellemurphey
Running head: APA QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE 1
STRAYER UNIVERSITY
APA Style Manual, 6
th
Edition
Quick Reference Guide
APA style has a series of rules about Format, Writing Style, Citations, and References
FORMAT
Format is a standardized method of writing a paper. Your paper should include four major sections: the
title page, abstract, main body of text, and references.
Spacing
Lines double-spaced, including title page and references page.
Font
Times New Roman, 12 point
Margins
1” for top, bottom, right and left margins on all pages, left justified. Indent first line of paragraphs a half
inch (12 spaces). Do not use extra double spacing between paragraphs.
TITLE PAGE (PAGE 1) - Contains the following information, centered on the page, double spaced:
Running head and page number
Full Title
Writer
Strayer University
Instructor
Course
Date
Title
Upper and lower case letters and no more than 12 words.
Running Head
Top of first page only. To create a running head, insert page number flush right. Then type "Running
head: TITLE OF YOUR PAPER" in the header flush left.
ABSTRACT (PAGE 2) – Center and bold the word “Abstract”. Begin writing the abstract on the next
line. Do not indent. Abstract should include the research topic, research questions, participants, methods,
results, data analysis and conclusions, implications of research, and future work. Abstract should be a
single paragraph and should be between 150 to 250 words.
Header
Top of every page. To create a page header, insert page numbers flush right. Then type "TITLE OF
YOUR PAPER" in the header flush left.
APA QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE 2
Strayer University – Prepared for its Students Revised 07/01/2013
WRITING STYLE
TEXT (PAGE 3 - ?) – The text of your paper should begin on page 3 unless your professor requires a
table of contents. Typically an undergraduate paper at Strayer is 5 – 7 pages in length and a graduate
paper is 10 – 15 pages.
Point of View and Voice
You should write using the third person point of view (“The study showed…”). Papers should be written
using the active voice (“Wakowski (2010) conducted research…”.
Clarity and Conciseness
Papers should be written in clear and concise language. Avoid wordy or unnecessarily complex
sentences. Sentences should be specific with enough details to adequately help readers understand.
Eliminate unnecessary words and condense information.
Use simple, descriptive adjectives and plain language that does not risk confusing the reader. Avoid
slang and jargon.
Avoid using language suggesting something has been proven, such as “proves” or “proof”. Research
papers do not prove theory or hypotheses. Use words like “suggests” or “indicates”.
Biased Language
...
AP Style Guide is the go-to publication for all American journalists working in these United States. It is without doubt one of the best journalism guides available.
This module is designed to show the basic elements of APA style .docxjuliennehar
This module is designed to show the basic elements of APA style writing and provide examples of appropriate APA guidelines
Sixth Edition of the APA Manual
APA Style and Formatting
American Public University System
American
Military
UniversityAmerican
Public
University
Updated 12/09
APA Style and Formatting
This module is designed to show the basic elements of APA style writing and provide examples of appropriate APA guidelines; however, it is not intended as an exhaustive reference guide.
(Sixth Edition - 2010)
Why Use APA?
APA writing style is used to assist in the formatting and organization of written work for the presentation of ideas
APA rules permit uniformity of many styles to one consistent style
APA (Sixth Edition – effective 2010) has broadened its audience since it is consulted not only by psychologists but also by students & researchers in many fields such as business, education, social work, nursing and many other behavioral and social sciences
Basic APA paper consist of:
The title page
Abstract (optional – ask instructor)
Text of the paper
Reference page
The Title Page
APA requires five basic elements to your title page:
Note: We require you also
add course, professor name
and date – See next slide.
Running head: TITLE OF PAPER 1
Title of Paper
Author's Name
American Public University
2. Title should typed in upper and lower letters, centered and positioned in the upper half of page
Running head is aligned on the left margin on the same line as page number (page number is flush right margin). Should read “Running head: <space> Notice the Running head is flush left and the page number is flush right on the same line. They are permanent. (NOTE: “Running head:” should appear before the short title in the header on the title page only. Thereafter, the short title should appear in the header on its own appearing on each page of the paper with only page numbers changing). The title should be no more than 12 words in length and should not contain abbreviations. All letters of the title are capitalized. Headers must be PERMANENT. The Title page is always page 1. “Running head:” should appear before the short title in the header on the title page only. Thereafter, the short title should appear in the header on its own.
The Cover Page (or Title Page) is always page 1.
3. Author’s Name
4. Institution affiliation
#5: Sixth Edition requires an author’s note which is not needed for essay papers.
Elements of the header
Elements of the running head:
Make sure the words Running head are written out.
The word Running is capitalized, but the word head is not.
Place a colon (:) following the word head.
The running head title (not to exceed 50 characters, including spaces and punctuation) is written in all capital letters.
The number of the page should be on the same line flush right.
See 8.03 APA Manual (Sixth Edition)
6
Title
The title is typed in u ...
COMMONLY USED ASSOCIATED PRESS STYLE RULESThere is no substi.docxmonicafrancis71118
COMMONLY USED ASSOCIATED PRESS STYLE RULES
There is no substitute for the Associated Press’s style manual. It is dynamic and comprehensive. Every professional journalist should own one. What follows merely are some of the commonly used Associated Press style rules for print journalists that you may need to succeed in your assignments for this course. Complete copies of The Associated Press Stylebook and Briefing on Media Law can be ordered from most bookstores and from the Associated Press. The information here is grouped according to how students typically might use a word, to make it easier for you to find the rules you’ll need for many of the assignments in this class:
Abbreviations
Addresses
Capitalization
Numerals
Punctuation
Preferred Spellings / Usage
Time
Titles
ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONYMS
IN GENERAL:Use only the most commonly recognized abbreviations on first reference, i.e., AAA, AARP, AFL-CIO, AMVETS, CIA, FBI, NASA, UNICEF and YMCA. Also, ABC, CBS and NBC for the broadcasting networks, ABM for anti-ballistic missile, AIDs for acquired immune deficiency syndrome, IBM for the company, ICBM for intercontinental ballistic missile, ID foridentification as in ID card, NPR for National Public Radio, OB-GYN for the medical specialty obstetrics and gynecology, PTA for Parent Teacher Association (note that there is no hyphen in this name), UFO for unidentified flying object. Less well-known but still common abbreviations, such as NATO and OSHA, may be used after they have been spelled out in full on first reference. In most cases, however, the stylebook suggests using a generic reference such as the agency or the organization or the medical practice for all references after the first, to avoid alphabet soup.
Use capital letters and periods according to the listings in the stylebook. For words not listed, use the first-listed abbreviation in Webster’s New World College Dictionary.
Generally, omit periods in acronyms in the body of a news story unless the result would spell an unrelated word. But always use periods in two-letter abbreviations used in the body of a news story: U.K., U.N., U.S., B.A., B.S. However, it’s GI, ID, EU. Use UN and US in headlines only. Use all caps, no periods, in longer abbreviations when the individuals letters are pronounced: ABC, CIA, FBI.
Don’t put abbreviations in parentheses after the first reference (for example, the Society of Professional Journalists (SPJ) … ). Instead, either repeat the full name on subsequent references or use a generic reference, such as the society.
Use the traditional abbreviations for state names (see the state abbreviations rule) and not the U.S. Postal Service abbreviations for states unless you are providing a full address including ZIP code, i.e., Send contributions to The Relief Fund, Box 555, Harkensville, MD, 12121. Spell out Fort in city names. Use periods in the abbreviation P.O. for P.O. Box numbers.
Avoid these common errors by never abbreviating the following in.
English for Academic Purposes Teaching Week 2The Free School
Speaking - pronunciation and contexts.
Free English for Academic Purposes certificate course.
http://www.thefreeschool.education/free-diploma.html
http://chat.thefreeschool.education/forum86.html
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Sectors of the Indian Economy - Class 10 Study Notes pdf
Associated Press Style
1.
2. Why it Matters
• Different types of writing follow different style
guidelines. For example, in your other college
courses, you may be required to adhere to the
MLA, Turabian or APA styles guides. In
journalism and public relations, you must
know Associated Press Style.
3. Why it Matters
• Therefore, you must know Associated Press
style if you intend to get a job in the media or
public relations.
4. Why it Matters
• Strictly following a particular usage style
provides consistency, accuracy and clarity in
grammar, punctuation and other language
issues.
5. Why it Matters
• While some publications, such as The New
York Times, have their own unique style, the
vast majority of newspapers, magazines and
press releases follow the rules of the AP
Stylebook. And because communicating with
the media is a significant part of public
relations, PR practitioners must know and
utilize AP style, as well.
6. Why it Matters
• AP style aims to be totally accurate, clear to
anyone with a high school education and
inoffensive (curse words are generally
avoided, for example) -- all while being as
succinct as possible. Note that AP style differs
significantly from style guides typically used in
English classes, such as the APA and Oxford
style guides.
7. How to Study
• Read some of your AP Stylebook every day.
Keep it handy and refer to it often. You
probably won't be able to memorize
everything inside the book, but you should at
least remember common style issues (such as
the aforementioned rules) and be familiar
enough with the book that you can look up
other issues quickly when you're writing on
deadline.
9. Top 15 AP Style Rules
• The AP Style book contains hundreds of rules.
But some come up much more often than
others.
• What follows are 15 of the most common AP
Style rules. You should memorize these. And
you must follow these in your writing
assignments for this course, or you will lose
points.
10. 1. Use a person's full name and title the first time
you mention him or her in an article. For example,
write Terrence Ross, professor of communications,
not Prof. Ross. Once people have been fully
identified, refer to them by last name only. There
are exceptions, so always check the AP Stylebook.
Also: Do not use courtesy titles such as Mr., Miss,
Mrs., or Ms., except in direct quotes or where
needed to distinguish between people of the same
name. Only use Dr. if the person works in
healthcare; do not use for PhDs or professors.
Using courtesy titles may be polite. And The New
York Times uses them in its articles. But it is not AP
Style.
11. 2. Capitalize formal titles used before a name.
For example, write Secretary of State Mike
Pompeo. Very long titles may be shortened or
summarized unless they are essential to the
story, but the shortened form should not be
capitalized (for example, you may use
spokesperson instead of Vice President for Public
Affairs and Communications). Use lowercase
when formal titles follow a name (e.g., Mike
Pompeo, secretary of state). General titles, such
as actor Matt Damon and activist Greta
Thunberg , are lowercased.
12. 3. Abbreviate months when used with days,
and use numerals (1, 2, 3, etc.) not ordinal
numbers (1st, 2nd, etc.). Exceptions are March,
April, May, June and July -- write them out, don't
abbreviate. For example, write Feb. 2, 2017, not
February 2nd, 2017. But, when using only the
month and year, spell out the month.
13. 4. Generally, spell out the numbers zero
through nine and use numerals for 10 and
higher. Note, however, that numbers used at the
beginning of a sentence are spelled out.
Example: Five hundred twenty-four students
attended. It is better, however, to rewrite the
sentence so that it doesn't begin with a number.
Example: Attending the event were 524 students
from local colleges. Years are one of the
exceptions. For example: 2016 was a bad year
for investors.
14. 5. But use numerals even for ages younger than
10. This is another exception to that
aforementioned number rule. When used like an
adjective, say X-year-old, including the hyphens.
Otherwise, don't use the hyphens. For example:
the 5-year-old girl kicked her brother, who is 8
years old.
15. 6. For percentages, use numerals for the
number and the % sign for percent. Examples:
Participation increased 5%. Nearly 28.5% of all
students don't like algebra.
16. 7. To indicate time, use figures and lowercase
letters (9 a.m., 6 p.m.). Put a space between the
figure and the letters. Exceptions are noon and
midnight. Do not say 12 noon or 12 midnight --
it's redundant.
17. 8. Spell out abbreviations or acronyms on first
reference. For example, use Nassau County
Community College the first time you refer to
the college in a story. You may use NCCC on any
references made after that. Another example
would be to use UC only after you have spelled
out University Center on first reference. Note:
there are some exceptions, such as FBI.
18. 9. Capitalize names of people, places or things
to set them apart from a general group. These
include proper nouns such as Mike, Canada,
Hudson River, and Garden City High School. But
use lowercase for common nouns (i.e. nouns not
coupled with a proper name), such as the river
or the high school. Also, put a word in lowercase
when you have more than one proper noun
sharing the word. Example: Nassau and Suffolk
counties. Capitalize the first word in a sentence.
Refer to the dictionary or AP Stylebook, if
needed. When in doubt, use lowercase.
19. 10. For addresses, abbreviate street, avenue
and boulevard when they’re used with a specific
address, such as 1 South Ave., but spell them
out otherwise (e.g., We took a drive down
Nassau Boulevard). Spell out First through Ninth
is they’re street names, then go to numerals
after that (e.g. 222 10th Ave.) If you have a
complete address, abbreviate any compass
points, such as 712 Jones St. S.E. But, without an
exact address, it’s just Southwest Jones Street.
20. 11. For States: Spell out the names of the states
in text regardless of whether they appear with a
town/city or alone (e.g. Wildfires continued to
rage through southern California yesterday;
She’s from Garden City, New York). When
referring to the United States as a noun, spell
out United States on first reference. As an
adjective, as part of an organization’s name or
on subsequent references, use U.S. with no
spaces.
21. 12. Use the name of the website rather than
the Web address. For example: YouTube, no
YouTube.com or New York Times, not
nytimes.com. Keep in mind that a URL is merely
a source’s address in cyberspace. So, for
example: when you cite sources, saying
adelphi.edu instead of Adelphi University would
be the equivalent of saying “According to 1
South Avenue in Garden City,” instead of
“according to Adelphi University.” Use the
source’s name, not address (physical, Internet or
otherwise).
22. 13. Punctuation
• Periods: Use a single space after the period at
the end of a sentence. Do not put a space
between initials (e.g. C.S. Lewis).
• Commas: Do not put a comma before the
conjunction in a simple series (e.g. John, Paul,
George and Ringo). Use a comma to set off a
person's hometown and age (e.g. Pat Smith,
34, was arrested yesterday).
23. 14. Quotation Marks (“ ”): In dialogue, each
person’s words are placed in a separate
paragraph, with quotation marks at the
beginning and end of each person’s speech.
Periods and commas always go within quotation
marks. Dashes, semicolons, question marks and
exclamation points go within the quotation
marks when they apply to the quoted material.
They go outside when they apply to the whole
sentence. Use single marks for quotes within
quotes (e.g. She said, "He told me, 'I love you.'").
24. 15. Money: When referring to money, dollar
amounts are always expressed as numerals and
the “$” sign is used. For cents or amounts of $1
million or more, spell the words cents, million,
billion, trillion etc. Examples: $3, $26.52,
$250,000, $8 million, 6 cents.