Assisted Reproduction in Horses
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This document discusses assisted reproduction techniques in horses and what can be learned from cattle assisted reproduction. It outlines non-surgical methods used in horses like embryo recovery and transfer, artificial insemination, and transvaginal oocyte recovery. It then compares the structure of the cattle and horse industries for assisted reproduction, noting key differences like cattle focus on getting many offspring from one donor while horses use dozens of donors to get one or two extra offspring annually. The document concludes by listing specific areas like timing of procedures, embryo development, and efficiency of techniques that can be learned by comparing cattle to horse assisted reproduction.
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Embryo transfer involves collecting embryos from a donor cow and transferring them to recipient cows. The donor cow is given follicle stimulating hormones to cause it to superovulate and produce multiple embryos. The embryos are then collected from the donor cow approximately 7 days after artificial insemination. The embryos are evaluated and the highest quality embryos are transferred into recipient cows that have been synchronized to the same stage of estrus as the donor cow through the use of hormones. Embryo transfer allows for the propagation of genetics from superior cows and makes it possible to export or store embryos indefinitely.
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Embryo transfer in cattle involves removing embryos from donor cows and transferring them to recipient cows in order to propagate desirable genetic traits. Key steps include superovulating donors to produce multiple embryos, artificially inseminating donors, flushing embryos from donors 6-8 days later, evaluating and cryopreserving embryos, synchronizing recipients, and surgically or non-surgically transferring embryos into recipients. Embryo transfer allows for genetic improvement of cattle herds, planned mating of elite animals, and circumvention of infertility issues.
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GAMETES
STRUCTURE OF GAMETES
SPERM
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RECOGNITION OF EGG AND SPERM
CAPACITATION
ACROSOME REACTION
SPECIES-SPECIFIC RECOGNITION
GAMETE BINDING AND RECOGNITION
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ACTIVATION OF GAMETE METABOLISM
FUSION OF THE GENETIC MATERIAL
SIGNIFICANCE OF FERTILIZATION
CONCLUSIONS
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CAPACITATION
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CONCLUSIONS
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1. Sex cells called sperm and eggs have half the number of chromosomes of normal body cells and are specialized for fertilization.
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3. During fertilization, a sperm enters an egg and their chromosomes fuse, combining the genetic material from each parent to form a new embryo with a full set of chromosomes.
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Power point
Embryo transfer is a process where an embryo is collected from a donor female and transferred to a recipient female to complete its development. It allows genetically superior females to produce more offspring than through natural reproduction. Embryo transfer is used in cattle, horses, goats, sheep and other domestic and non-domestic species. The process involves superovulating the donor female, collecting embryos 6-9 days after breeding, and transferring high quality embryos into a synchronized recipient female. Embryo transfer maximizes genetic gains and production from elite females.
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This document discusses biotechnology in animal reproduction, focusing on embryo transfer. It defines embryo transfer as collecting embryos from donor females and transferring them to recipient females. The key steps are estrus synchronization of donors and recipients, superovulation of donors to produce multiple embryos, artificial insemination of donors, non-surgical or surgical embryo collection, grading and selection of high quality embryos, and transferring embryos into the uterus of synchronized recipients. The goals are to distribute genetics more efficiently and produce offspring from elite females without compromising their productivity.
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Embryo transfer involves removing embryos from female cattle of superior genetics and implanting them into recipient females. This allows one donor cow to produce many offspring, improving herd genetics faster. The process is complicated, requiring synchronization of donor and recipient estrous cycles and supervision by trained professionals. While expensive, embryo transfer can boost milk and weight production if used with genetically superior cattle.
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Embryo transfer involves removing embryos from female cattle of superior genetics and implanting them into recipient females. This allows one donor cow to produce many offspring, improving herd genetics faster. The process begins by synchronizing donor and recipient estrous cycles then flushing embryos from the donor 7 days after breeding. Embryos are examined before transferring viable ones into recipients. While expensive, embryo transfer can increase genetic gains if used with donor cows having desirable traits.
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Embryo transfer involves removing embryos from female cattle of superior genetics and implanting them into recipient females. This allows one donor cow to produce many offspring, improving herd genetics faster. The process is complicated, requiring synchronization of donor and recipient estrous cycles and supervision by trained professionals. While expensive, embryo transfer can boost milk and weight production if used with genetically superior donors and bulls.
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Embryo transfer involves removing embryos from female cattle of superior genetics and implanting them into recipient females. This allows one donor cow to produce many offspring, improving herd genetics faster. The process is complicated, requiring synchronization of donor and recipient estrous cycles, flushing embryos from the donor one week after breeding, and transferring high quality embryos. While expensive, embryo transfer can increase genetic gains if used with donor cows that have desirable traits worth propagating.
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Assisted Reproductive Technology
ART involves surgically extracting eggs from a woman's ovaries, fertilizing them with sperm in a lab, and returning the embryos to the woman's body or donating them. There are various causes of infertility that ART can treat, such as blocked fallopian tubes or male factor infertility. Common ART procedures include IVF, where fertilization occurs outside the body, and ICSI, where a single sperm is injected into an egg. IVF involves stimulating a woman's ovaries, retrieving eggs, fertilizing them in vitro, and transferring embryos back into the uterus. ART can have risks like multiple pregnancies or ovarian hyperstimulation. Counseling supports patients through the psychological impacts of infertility and ART.
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