This workshop aims to educate homeowners in the Kingston region about renewable energy technologies and the process for implementing them. The workshop will provide practical knowledge about different renewable technologies, how they fit into a total home system, and resources to support homeowners' projects. The goals are to demystify the technologies, illustrate the process for projects, support economic activity, and leverage regional knowledge to accelerate renewable energy adoption. This will help reduce the community's carbon footprint and advance Kingston's status as a green community.

2. Introductions
Welcome
Workshop Purpose and Products
Message from Ontario Minister of the Environment – Hon. John Gerretson
Mr Paul McKay – Director, Ontario Sustainable Energy Association
Mr Chris Whittaker – CEO , St Lawrence College
Mr Ted Hu - Executive Director, SWITCH
Key Note Speaker - Ms. Dorothy Hector – Kingston City Councilor

3. Workshop Purpose and Products

4. Workshop Purpose:
To educate Kingston region homeowners around the available
Renewable Energy technologies and the process to implement in a
way that
– Demystifies the technologies and provides practical decision making
tools
– Illustrates the “How to” action path to projects
– Supports increased economic activity
– Leverages , unites, and advances other regional knowledge resources
to support the homeowner
So that as a part in the global community, Kingston and region
accelerates “the doing of Renewable Energy projects” and
achieves the benefits capture in an increasingly rapid manner.

5. Workshop Products:
• Provide practical knowledge to the homeowner for Renewable Energy technologies
and how they fit into the Total Home of the Future
• Provide a base of support through knowledge resources, contractors , and vendors to
support homeowner actions
• Advance the community base of knowledge to accelerate clean energy projects
• Reduce the community carbon footprint
• Increase the economic activity in the Kingston region
• Advance Kingston’s standing towards Canada’s #1 Green Community

6. The House of the Future

7. How Canadian Homes Use Energy
Source: Statistics Canada

8. How Canadians Should Produce Energy

9. How Canadians Should Produce Energy

10. How Canadians Should Produce Energy

11. The House of the Future

12. This workshop will help you build the
house of the future with today’s
technology!
March 5 – Home Heating
1. Solar hot water
2. Geothermal heat pumps
March 9 - Home Power
1. Solar photovoltaics
2. Wind power
March 10 – Other Important Technologies
1. Wood pellet stoves
2. Grey water recycling
3. Green roofs

13. Energy Efficient Design

14. Introduction
Greenhou...
Large.jpg

15. Why Design?
o “House as a whole”
o Energy Efficiency
o Building Programs
o Comfort
o Code Compliance

16. “House as a whole”
oAll systems in a home affect one another in some
capacity
oOverhangs affect cooling load
oEquipment efficiencies affect energy requirements
oFinishes affect indoor air quality
oVentilation affects building durability
oVapour barriers affects indoor air quality
oSolar thermal systems affect building requirements
oWind production can affect structural loads
oAir pressures can affect life systems

17. “House as a whole”
e t o CO
ths likely du
Two co unty dea
g
poisonin

18. Energy Efficiency
60-80% of our energy use in the
house is a direct result of space
heating/cooling and hot water
heating.
“It’s easier to save a KW then make a KW”

19. Building Programs & Grants
Greenhouse
Large.jpg All programs and
grants reward
energy efficient
products.

20. SOLAR THERMAL WORKSHOP

21. Workshop outline
Introduction
Technology (available systems)
Installation Issues
Cost Calculations & Financial Projections
Getting Your Project Done
Case Study
Questions and Follow-up

22. What Is Solar Thermal?
•Solar Thermal is any active solar energy system that collects the
heat energy available from the sun
•These systems are roughly 4 – 6 times more efficient than a
Photovoltaic Solar Electric system
•They can be used for a variety of heating requirements

23. SDHW systems
•2 typical types are Flat Plate and Evacuated Tube systems

24. SDHW systems

25. SDHW systems

26. SDHW and Heating combi systems
•2 typical types are Flat Plate and Evacuated Tube systems

27. Solar Pool Heating systems
•Polypropylene Rubber Collectors

28. Solar Pool Heating systems

29. Solar Pool Heating systems

30. Solar Air Heating systems

31. Why not house heating?
HEATING LOAD
Energy
SDHW LOAD
Jan Mar Jun Sept Dec

32. Installation Issues
•Clear Solar Access from 9 – 3 is recommended
•South facing is best, West is second choice, East third
•Typically mounted on the roof, so roof condition can be an issue
•No Permits required in Kingston for Residential SDHW, Pool, or Air Heating
•May need a permit for a custom combi system
•Space for a storage tank is needed in a SDHW system
•Large roof area is needed for a pool system

33. Current Incentives
Residential:
•EcoEnergy for Homes will pay $1000 for SDHW system
•PST rebate on the purchase of any solar thermal system
•Utilities Kingston SDHW rental program
Commercial:
•EcoEnergy for Heat will pay roughly 35 – 55% of a solar thermal system
to a maximum of $80,000 per project

34. Maintenance Requirements
•SDHW systems need a glycol test every 3 years, may need to be replaced
at a cost of $100- 150 for the visit
•Pool systems will require proper draining every fall. This may require
an annual service visit if roof draining is required

35. Case Study 1
2 panel SDHW system offsetting electric heated water

36. Case Study 1
2 panel SDHW system offsetting electric heated water
•Current initial cost of $6500 installed
•5 person household
•Electrically heated hot water tank
•$1195 in rebates
•Out of pocket cost of $5305
•Savings of $465 in the first year
•ROI of 15.3%

37. Case Study

38. Case Study 2
8 panel pool system offsetting natural gas heated pool

39. Case Study 2
Current initial cost of $4900 installed
•Natural gas heated outdoor pool
•$147 in rebates
•Out of pocket cost of $4753
•Savings of $763 in the first year
•ROI of 23.7%

40. Case Study 2

41. CONCLUDING REMARKS:
• Solar Thermal is the most cost effective
renewable energy systems available to the
residential consumer.
• Solar Domestic Hot Water systems are
cost effective with returns on investment of
over 10%
• Of the solar thermal technologies pool
heating has the best payback

42. GEOTHERMAL WORKSHOP

43. Heat Pumps
• A heat pump is a machine that moves energy from one location to another through
the use of mechanical work.
• The vapour -compression refrigeration cycle is used to transport this heat from the
air, water or ground to the area to be conditioned.

44. Heat Pumps
• The heat pump can remove heat from either the air (inside or outside) or from a
ground source (soil or groundwater).
• These devices are manufactured in a vary of configurations and serve a wide
variety of applications.
• Within the residential marketplace the heat pump may only provide space heating
and cooling requirements but it also possible to provide a degree of domestic hot
water production in the home.

45. Geo-exchange or Geothermal?
• The terms geo-exchange and geothermal may be easily confused and are both
widely used to describe ground source heat pump systems.
• Geothermal energy refers to heat that comes from within the core of the earth
whereas a ground source heat pump draws the majority of its energy from the heat
created by solar energy striking the earth’s surface.
• Geo-exchange refers to the practice of transferring energy from just below the
earth’s surface.

46. Open vs Closed Loop
• Open Systems
– Usually utilize surface water bodies or well water fields
– More dependent on climate as water temperatures fluctuate to a higher
degree
– Potential for contamination
• Closed Loop Systems
– Greater flexibility in usage
– Usually have higher pumps requirements
– Anti-freeze is usually required
– More stable loop temperature with some designs

47. Open Loop
• Advantages
– Installation costs are less than closed loop
– Pumping costs are typically less
• Disadvantages
– Typically limited to smaller systems
– Climate conditions can limit usage
– Environmental issues
– Fouling is a large maintenance issue

48. Closed Loop-Vertical
• Advantages
– Requires the least amount of land
– Lease amount of total piping
– Can require the least amount of pumping energy
• Disadvantages
– Drilling costs are high
– Back filling requires special material & skill
– Potential for heat build-up

49. Closed Loop-Horizontal
• Advantages
– Trenching costs are less than drilling costs
– Heat build up is not as sensitive as vertical loop
• Disadvantages
– Requires more land
– Greater ground temperature variance
– Typically more piping is required
– Greater risk of piping damage during backfilling

50. Costs
• Air Source Systems
– Compared to the same output of electric furnace heating system, the cost of
operation might be reduced by upwards to 50%.
– Material equipment costs are higher than a typical heating and cooling system
generally by twice.
• Geo-Exchange Systems
– Compared to the same output gas fired heating system, the cost of operation
might be reduced by upwards to 66%.
– Installation costs are higher; 5 times the cost of a traditional heating and
cooling system

51. Grants
• Air Source Systems
– Installation of a Energy Star qualified heat pump system qualifies for $400.00
from the federal grant program and matching provincial funds.
– Equipment to have a higher than 14 SEER rating.
• Geo-Exchange Systems
– Installation of a CAN/CSA-C448 compliant earth-energy system (ground or
water source) qualifies for $3,500.00 from the federal program and matching
provincial funds.
– Replace the heat pump unit of an existing earth-energy system qualifies for
$1,400.00 from the federal program and matching provincial funds.
• Note: Systems need to be installed by qualified firms.

52. SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC

53. What are
Photovoltaics?
• Commonly known as “solar cells.”
• Photovoltaic (PV) systems convert light
energy into electricity.
• The simplest systems power the small
calculators we use every day. More
complicated systems will provide a
large portion of the electricity in the near
future.
• PV represents one of the most
promising means of maintaining our
energy intensive standard of living while
not contributing to global warming and

54. PV Solar System
Solar Power
To the Grid
Inverter
Solar
PV Utility
Arrays Meter
Main Utility
Breaker Panel
DC AC
Voltage Voltage

55. Installation Issues
• Types of PV systems - aesthetics
• Modeling - RETScreen
• Building Codes, Inspections

56. Residential Rooftops
• BIPV or Retrofit

57. Solar
Shingles

58. Paperwork
• Leave it up to the installer
• Complete the application for SOC with the
local utility as well as OPA.
• All the connections to an existing electric
service without any scheduled service
disconnect and reconnect

59. Case Study
• PV Requirements
• About $1,000 per kW (or $10/W)
• South Facing Roof
• Ontario Power Authority (OPA) Standard
• Offer Contract (SOC) – on-line application
• Kingston Electricity Distribution Limited
• (KEDL) Connection Agreement
• Solar panels or modules
• Inverter

60. Home Power Plant

61. PV – Inverter - Helpers
• RJ (Rob) Kennedy Electric
• Quantum Renewable Energy (Rick Rooney)
• Utilities Kingston
– Kingston Electricity Distribution Limited (KEDL)

62. Meters & Inverter
• Green Energy Act – rates are under review
– Anticipate FiT to be higher than 42 cents, rumour is 80
– I expect between 1,400 to 1,500 kWh/yr

63. Small Wind Power
Jason Wamboldt B.Sc. (Eng), MES
Renewable Energy of Plum Hollow

64. Workshop outline
An introduction to Small Wind Power
options for homeowners
• What is small wind?
• Types of turbines?
• Is wind right for you?
• How do you use the power?
• Costs and paybacks
• Are there noise, safety, maintenance
or environmental concerns?

65. What is Small Wind
• A wind turbine is a device used to convert
wind energy into electrical power.
• Small wind includes wind turbines capable of
producing 100 kW or less
• Suitable for homes, businesses, or farms.
• Can be used to backup electricity and/or
offsetting the use of grid-power.

66. Types of Wind Turbines
Horizontal Axis Vertical Axis
- more common - newer technology
- requires clean - Can capture dirty
wind wind, from all
- often need large directions
areas for tower - Can be mounted on
guy wires buildings or lower to
the ground

67. Is wind right for you?
• Do you have a spot with consistent wind >10 mph
(wind gusts versus steady winds)?
• Do you have enough land to provide buffer between
neighbors and buildings?
• Local zoning?
• Prepared for long-term investments?

68. Siting Issues
Source: www.skystreamenergy.com

69. How to use the power
• Electricity can be:
• stored in batteries for later use (off-grid)
• sent to the grid to reduce utility bill (net-
metering)
• sold to the grid to payback equipment (standard
offer contract)

70. How much power can I get?

71. How much power can I get?

72. What are the costs and
paybacks?
Case-study:
Skystream 2.4 kW, Cost: $16,576.77 + tax
Wiring and misc.
9%
Labour
27%
Equipment
64%
• Average winds of 13 mph would generate
400 kWh/month or 44% of average Ontario
home demand.
• Equates to $528/y at current electricity
pricing ($0.11/kWh).

73. Maintenance and Warranty
• Annual inspection of bolts, guy wires, and electrical
connections.
• May require greasing of bearings.
• Blades need to be visually inspected for cracks or
stress signs.
•Warranties are typically 2-5 years.

74. Safety, Environmental, and
Noise Concerns
• Wind turbines DO generate noise and vibrations (be a
good neighbour)
• Check with local zoning and building code
requirements for safe installation of tower and
foundation
• Electrical permits must be taken and approved by the
Electrical Safety Authority
• All turbines have mechanisms to slow blades in high
winds

75. Conclusions
• Small wind turbines are less than 100 kW.
• Need good site with clean, strong, consistent wind
with buffers from buildings and neighbours.
• Power can be used to offset electricity bills or store in
batteries for later use.
• Costs are significantly tied to equipment costs and
expect long paybacks at current electricity prices.
• SAFETY IS PARAMOUNT.

76. Home Heating with Biomass

77. What is Biomass?
Definition
- Plant matter grown for use as a fuel.
Biomass is a renewable fuel and it is
part of the Carbon Cycle.

78. Item 4

79. Biomass can be a responsible
choice if:
• The heating system is installed
safely (WETT Certified
Professional)
• Fuel is harvested sustainably
• The fuel is burned efficiently with
little or no visible smoke

80. Advanced Combustion Wood
Stoves
- Use 1/3rd less wood for the same amount of heat
- Longer burn times
- Under 5 acres of properly managed wood lot, can produce
enough to heat a home forever. (Assuming 60 year life span)

81. Old Technology vs. New
Technology

82. Pellet Stoves and Bio-Mass
Stoves
- Pelletized wood waste
- Pelletized agriculture waste
- Pelletized marginal crops like switch grass
- Two Acres of Switch Grass could heat a Canadian home for a year

83. What do they look like?

84. Fine Particulate Emissions

85. Space Heating
- Studies have shown that most families
spend 80% of their time in a couple rooms
of the home (20% of the house)
- By heating the space that we live, with a
high efficiency product, in we can reduce
our consumption by 28%

86. Saving Money & Saving the
Environment
-Heating with wood or wood pellets is
40% - 50% cheaper than Oil,
Electricity or Propane
- Reduces carbons emissions by 4-5
tons per year

87. GREEN ROOFS FOR
HOMEOWNERS

88. Green Roofs - definition
A Green Roof is:
A rooftop with vegetation
Can be on apartments, factories, offices or
residential buildings
Can be flat or sloped roof
New building or retrofitted older building
Social, environmental and economic benefits
Individual Landscapes

89. Two Principal Types
Intensive
Extensive
Individual Landscapes

90. Intensive Green Roof
Typically used for recreation
Uses all kinds of landscape and building materials
Wide variety of plant materials e.g. grass,
flowering shrubs, trees and flowers
Heavier; may need structural reinforcing
High maintenance & higher costs
Individual Landscapes

91. Individual Landscapes

92. Extensive Green Roof
Not for recreational purposes and generally not
accessible for regular use
Different materials used
Fewer varieties of plant material
Goal is least possible maintenance
Potentially lower cost
Many social, environmental and economic
benefits
Individual Landscapes

93. Individual Landscapes

94. Grey Water

95. Water Conservation
• Less than 2% of the earth’s water is fresh water and only 1% is available as
drinking water.
• It is predicted that in the future that armed conflicts will center around water as
opposed to oil.

96. Water Usage in the Home
• Replacing a 18 litre per
flush toilet with a new 6 litre
per flush unit can save over
60,000 litres annually for a
family of four.
• A leaking toilet may result
in a loss of over 200,000
litres annually.
• Grants provide $50.00 per
toilet replacement under the
federal program and
matching funds from the
province.

97. Greywater
• Greywater collection allows for the reuse of
water for various applications and thereby
reduces the home’s utility billings or impact
on septic system.
• The Ontario Building Code was amended in
2007 to allow for the usage of greywater for
the flushing of toilets and irrigation uses.
• 65% of all water used in a home maybe
classified as greywater.

98. Rainwater Harvesting
Saving rain water reduces the
dependence on fresh water supplies
Reduces the impact on water sources
such as lakes, reservoirs, rivers, ground
water, and other sources of fresh water.
Rainwater can be used to:
Watering plants and trees
Watering lawns
Washing cars

99. Payback and Grants

100. Grants for your projects
•There are many generous provincial and federal grants & tax
credits available to support your projects
• Renewable Electrical, Heating, Ventilation, Cooling
• Be aware of the requirements for grant eligibility BEFORE you
plan your project
•Grant Guidelines:
• Eco-Action has the most comprehensive list of resources
http://www.ecoaction.gc.ca/grantsrebates-
subventionsremises/consumers-consommateurs-eng.cfm
• Hearthmakers Energy Co-operative
http://www.hearthmakers.org/
• Suppliers and contractors are also good info sources….

101. Some sample grants…. Multi-Unit
Single-Family Homes Residenti
al
1st System 2nd System
HEATING
An ENERGY STAR® qualified gas furnace that has a 90.0% efficiency $600 $300 Same as single-
family
An ENERGY STAR® qualified gas furnace that has a 92.0% AFUE or $1,000 $500 home
Same as single-
better, family
and a DC variable-speed motor.
An ENERGY STAR® qualified oil or gas boiler that has an 85.0% $1,200 $600 home
Same as single-
AFUE or better. family
An ENERGY STAR® qualified oil furnace that has an 83.0% AFUE or $600 $300 home
Same as single-
better. family
An ENERGY STAR® qualified oil furnace that has an 85.0% AFUE or $1,000 $500 home
Same as single-
better, family
and a DC variable-speed motor.
A CAN/CSA-C448 compliant ground- or water-source heat pump. $7,000 N/A home
Same as single-
family
Replace the heat pump unit of an existing earth-energy system $2,800 N/A home
Same as single-
(ground- or family
water-source). The system must be compliant with CAN/CSA-C448.
Install an ENERGY STAR® qualified air-source heat pump $800 N/A home
*$800
Install a minimum of 5 electronic thermostats for electric baseboard $60 N/A **$60
heaters.
Replacebaseboards must beappliance with a model that meets either
Electric your wood-burning the primary system $600 $300 *$600
CSA-B415.1-M92 (Performance Testing of Solid-Fuel-Burning Heating
Appliances or the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) wood-
burning
appliance standards (40 CFR Part 60) (*per equipment replaced).

102. Some sample grants…. Multi-Unit
Single-Family Homes
Residential
1st System 2nd System
VENTILATION
Install a heat recovery ventilator that is certified by the Home Ventilating $600 N/A $600
Institute (See www.hvi.org)
COOLING
Replace your central air conditioner with an ENERGY STAR® qualified $400 N/A $400
unit.
Replace your window air conditioner(s) with an ENERGY STAR® unit $40 N/A $40
HOT WATER
Install a solar domestic hot water system that meets CAN/CSA $1,000 N/A $1,000
Standards. $500 N/A *$400
Replace your domestic hot water heater with an instantaneous gas
water heater that has an energy factor (EF) of 0.80 or better
Replace your domestic hot water heater with a condensing water heater $600 N/A *$600
that
has anaEF of 0.80 orheat recovery (DWHR) system. Grants are based
Install drain-water better (*per equipment installed).
on the
efficiency of the pipe installed.
• Efficiency between 30 and 42%. $150 N/A $150
ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION
The ONTARIO GREEN ENERGY ACT (Bill 150) will lay out the groundwork to either change or replace the Renewable
Energy Standard Offer Program (RESOP), which had offered a delivery price of $0.42 kWh delivered into the
provincial energy grid from wind and solar sources.

103. SUMMARY

104. Closing

105. Closing Items:
• How To Workshop signup
• House Tour signup
• Feedback forms back
• Prize Draw
• Sponsorship, Support and Resources
THANK YOU AND GOOD LUCK IN YOUR
FUTURE PROJECTS

106. Technical HOW TO Workshops
-Outline-
Follow - up HOW TO workshops focused on :
Home Heating : March 5 from 6:30-8:30 at SLC – Rm 01040
Home Power : March 9 at SLC from 6:30-8:30 in Rm 01040
Biomass and Conservation : March 10 from 6:30- 8:30 in Rm 01040
You will be able to :
decide which system(s) is best for your purposes
compare costs and understand more on grants
evaluate whether you want to do it yourself or
Interact one on one with qualified contractors and how to proceed with your
project

107. Brought to you by:
• SWITCH - The Sustainable Energy
People
_____________________________

108. With the Generous Support of

109. Resources:
SWITCH Kingston(Knowledge resources – all areas – pls call)
Hearthmakers Energy Co-Op (Conservation and Energy Audits)
Down Under Solar (Solar Photovoltaic)
Eco Alternative Energy (Solar Solutions and Wind Power)
Haven Home Climate Care (Geothermal Heating)
Jenal Heating (Specializes in Boilers)
Quantum Renewable Energy (Solar Thermal, Wind Power and Energuide)
Renewable Energy of Plum Hollow (Biomass, Solar Thermal and Wind Power)
Tackaberry Heating (Energy Design, Boilers and more)
TAB Mechanical (Green building)
UCSG (Solar)
Burt’s Greenhouses (A. English alt contact – Plants for Green Roof)
Individual Landscapes – Bardi Vorster (Green Roof)
Utilities Kingston (Solar Domestic Hot Water Heater Rentals)

110. Resources:

111. Resources