Different art endeavors of the highlands of Luzon

1. Arts and Crafts from the
Highlands of Luzon

2. Wood Carving
• Bulul- wooden carved figures of ancestors, deities, and spirits.
• Protect the crops from infestation
• Provide bountiful harvest.
• Bulul have oversized heads and short limbs
• Bulul usually comes in pair except for the people of Kiangan,
Ifugao.
• Male- pestle, g-string cover: bahag
• Female- mortar, g-string cover: tapis
• Tat-tagu are single figure bululs used for healng ceremonies.

3. • Kadangyan- male member of a tribe who usually belongs to
affluent status.
• Mumbaki or native priest- delivers a religious ceremony to ensure
that an effective and powerful bulul shall be created.
• Tunod-sacrificial offering ritual done during the rice planting
season as a way of seeking guidance and protection.
• Hagabi- a special bench placed beneath the houses of the wealthy
families in the community. It symbolizes the status and wealth of
the families who own it.

4. Basket Weaving
• Is a profitable source of income that supplies the everyday
needs of the family.
• Ifugao people create different kinds of baskets for different
purposes.
• Labba- basket used for storing fruits, vegetables, and other dry goods.
• Ulbong- single-rod coiled bamboo basket used for storing milled rice.
• Kayabang- carrier basket type which is used for carrying and
transporting fruits and vegetables.
• Pasiking- backpack type used for carrying items outdoors.

5. Textile Weaving
• Process of making cloth by interlacing two parallel threads at
right angles.
• Warp- longitudinal thread woven over and under the weft.
• Weft- transverse thread
• Abaca, cotton, pineapple fibers
• Women – textile weaving; Man – making loom
• Loom- weaving device upon which fabrics are woven.

6. Staged of cloth production
• Cultivation of the plant
• Extracting fibers from the leaves of plants
(through spinning, twisting, and winding)
• Dyeing
• Weaving on the loom

7. • Bahag or g-string, Tapis or wrap-around skirt, blanket, and table
runner.
• Motifs and symbols in Ifugao clothing are mostly adorned with
geometric representations of humans, animals, divinities, and
nature.

9. Ornamental Making
• Ornaments
• Enhance the part of the wearer’s body
• Signify high status and wealth
• Represent inner life of the people
• Colorful crystals, precious gems, and ornamental beads.
• Pangalapang- special necklace made from mother pearl
• Bongeh- accessory for the torso
• Dinampulay- highly-stylized butterfly-shaped mother of pearl shell earrings
• Tinali- set of individual strings of seed beads tied around the armof Kalinga wome
from wrist up to close to the elbow
• Ling ling-o is a special ornament that is used either as earrings or as necklace
pendant.

10. Architecture: Ifugao Native House
• Ifugao native house were strong and durable and can withstand
inclement weather.
• Made from light forest wood and cogon and are of the same
architectural design.
• Strategically located along contours of the rice terraces. Structure
consist of four posts with slanting walls and ceilings. Roof is crafted in
a pyramidal shape.
• Three functional levels:
• Ground floor- serves as the basement
• Second level- living quarters of the Ifugao people
• Third level- serves as granary or the storeroom for grains and other dry goods.

12. Ifugao Native House
• Wooden posts in the ground level of the house are carved with
circular rat guards to prevent rodents from entering the house.
• Has a detachable ladder (second level)
• Patie- shelf; storage and structural support for the roof as well as
for the entire house.
• Has different kinds of skulls and bones of the animals which serves
as offering during ceremonies and also as a source of pride for
male members of the families.

14. Banaue Rice Terraces
• Banaue Rice Terraces-
• most evident confirmation of the ingenious architectural expertise of
Ifugao people.
• Are a structure which were carved on the side of the mountains and
transformed into rice fields.
• Five Main Sites
• Batad Rice Terraces- Banaue
• Bangaan Rice Terraces- Banaue
• Mayoyao Rice Terraces – town of Mayoyao
• Hungduan Rice Terraces – town of Hungduan
• Nagacadan Rice Terraces – town of Kiangan

15. Arts and Crafts of the
Lowlands of Luzon

16. Wood Carving: Laguna
• Paete in Laguna is well-known for its wood carving industry which
serves as its primary economic source for the region.
• Started during Spanish colonization where Spanish officials
commissioned the people of Paete to carve figures of saints, and
to construct highly-stylized doors and pillars for the churches.
• “Carving Capital of the Philippines”- Laguna

17. Wood Carving: Bulacan
• Singkaban- beautiful entrance arch of Bulacan made from bamboo
and other decorative materials which are exhibited during the
annual festival of the region.

18. Textile Weaving: Nueva Vizcaya
• Gaddangs take pride in their production of beautifully crafted arts
and crafts.
• Among their local arts and crafts are the following:
• Bakwat/ belt
• Aken/ skirt
• Abag/ g-strings
• Which are decorated and laced with beautiful beads and precious
stones.

19. Embroidery
• Taal in the province of Batangas is renowned for its intricate
embroidery which the people pertain to as “burdang Taal”.
• Burdang Taal- uses pineapple and banana fibers to produce
beautifully decorated clothing.
• Started during Spanish colonial period
• Women designed beautifully embroidered vestments and robes for
the priests, as well as exquisite linens and veils for the churches.

20. Paper Cutting
• Pabalat- famous folk art icon in San Miguel, Bulacan.
-One of the province’s signature work of art
• Luz Ocampo- one of the pioneers in the craft of paper cutting; a
Bulacan native well-known for her signature pastillas wrapper art.
• Pastillas wrapping art consists of intricate paper cutting using
papel de hapon and a small pair of specialized scissors.