Artichoke diseases A lecture on ToT training of FFS By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad
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Artichoke diseases A lecture on ToT training of FFS By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad
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Artichoke diseases A lecture on ToT training of FFS By Mr Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Islamabad
- 2. Artichoke diseases A Lecture To ToT trainees ( FFS) By Mr. Allah Dad Khan Provincial Coordinator IPM KPK MINFAL Pakistan
- 5. Artichoke curly dwarf virus Artichoke curly dwarf virus (ACDV) Symptoms • Plant growth reduced; plant lacking vigor; leaves may be distorted with dark necrotic spots and/or patches; deformed buds • Cause • Virus • Comments • Currently not known how virus is spread; use disease free crowns to propagate or certified seed • Management • Use only certified planting material; remove and destroy infected plants to limit spread
- 6. Bacterial crown rot Erwinia chrysanthemi Symptoms • Stunted plant growth; wilted leaves in high temperatures; plant collapse; new leaves do not expand and turn brown and dry; crown tissue becomes soft and rots; black discoloration when cross- section of stem taken • Cause • Bacterium • Comments • May be spread by cutting tools; digging and splitting crowns may cause new plantings to become infected • Management • Do not use infected crowns as planting material; start plants from seed or disease free transplants
- 7. Damping-Off Pathogen: Pythium spp. SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS • Newly planted seedling artichokes, placed in the field as seed or transplants, wilt and collapse. Root and crown tissue is discolored and decayed. Severely infected seedlings rarely recover and will die.
- 8. Gray Mold (Botrytis Rot) Pathogen: Botrytis cinerea SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS • While Botrytis cinerea is capable of colonizing damaged artichoke leaves, the main concern with this fungus is when it gets on the flower bracts. This fungus usually invades bracts that have been damaged from insects, snails/slugs, frost, or other factors. Infected bracts turn brown on the outside. On the inner surface of the bracts the characteristicgray growth of B. cinerea develops.
- 9. Powdery Mildew Pathogens: Leveillula taurica, Erysiphe cichoracearum • SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS • Two types of powdery mildew infect artichokes.Leveillula taurica is more commonly found and primarily colonizes the undersides of older leaves. Careful examination of leaf undersides reveals spores produced singly or in very short chains; however, the profuse white hairs of the leaf may obscure this sign. Severely infected leaves will turn yellow, then brown. With time the brown leaves may collapse and dry up.Leveillula infects only the older leaves; the younger leaves escape infection until they mature.
- 10. Ramularia Leaf Spot Pathogen:Ramularia cynarae SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS • Ramularia leaf spot is characterized by circular, brown lesions on both upper and lower surfaces of leaves. If disease is severe, lesions will coalesce and the entire leaf will turn brown and dry up. White spores of the fungus will usually develop in leaf lesions. On flower bracts, brown patchy lesions will also form, causing the bracts to curl and dry out.