An embolus is a blockage of a blood vessel, typically caused by a blood clot or substance, leading to serious medical emergencies such as various types of embolisms. Thrombosis refers to blood clot formation in vessels, while treatment options include catheter-based procedures like embolectomy and thrombectomy, as well as open surgery. Symptoms to assess include pain, swelling, and changes in skin temperature and color, alongside diagnostic tests like ultrasound and CT scans.

2.  An EMBOLUS is a blockage of a blood vessel
commonly by Blood Clot or a substance that
obstructs blood circulation, often causing a life
threatening emergency. When this blood clot
/substance travels from its original site to
another place in the vessel, it is called an
EMBOLISM. Embolisms include venous embolism
like pulmonary embolism, arterial embolism, air
embolism , fat embolism etc.

7.  A blood clot forming especially on the wall of
a blood vessel is called THROMBUS and this
process is known as THROMBOSIS.
This is commonly the result of local damage
to the inner lining of the vessel (the endotheli
um).

12.  6P’s
 Pain
 Perishing Cold
 Pallor
 Paraesthesia
 Paralysis
 Pulselessness

15.  Pain
 Swelling
 Warmth
 Tenderness
 Redness of the leg or arm

18.  Blood Test:
CBC, D-dimer, Caogulation Profile etc.
 Ultrasound Doppler
 CT Angio & Venous
 MRA
 MRV

19. Embolectomy:
 Surgical removal from a blood vessel, usually
an artery, of a blood clot or other obstruction
, which has been carried to the site in the
bloodstream from elsewhere in the circulation
(EMBOLUS). Or simply surgical excision of
embolus is known as Embolectomy.

20.  Surgical excision of Thrombus is known as
Thrombectomy.
 When process of Thrombectomy and
Embolectomy combine in a single procedure
known as Thromboembolectomy.

21.  There are two main types of embolectomy
and thrombectomy, depending on the blood
vessel that needs treatment and the severity
of the condition. These are:
1. Catheter-based procedures
2. Open surgery

22.  a tubular, flexible instrument, passed through
body channels for withdrawal of fluids from
(or introduction of fluids into) a body cavity.
 Examples: cardiac catheter, arterial catheter,
venous catheter, Urinary catheter.

23.  Catheter-based procedures involve passing a
small tube through a tiny incision into the clot
site. We use special instruments to remove the
clot by using balloon embolectomy or aspiration
embolectomy.
 Balloon embolectomy is done by inserting a
catheter with a small inflatable balloon attached
at the end into the vein and past the clot. The
balloon is then inflated and slowly pulled back
out of the vein, removing the clot with it.
 Aspiration embolectomy is performed by using
suction to remove the thrombus from the vein.

41.  Open surgery involves making a larger
incision in the area of the blood clot through
the blood vessel to remove it. Open surgery is
less common but is sometimes the best
choice for emergencies to save an organ or in
other cases.