Aristotelian model and lasswell model
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The document summarizes two classic models of communication: Aristotle's model and Lasswell's model. Aristotle's model is one of the earliest and most widely accepted models, depicting a speaker-centered, one-way communication from the speaker to the audience. Lasswell's model provides a framework to describe any communication act by answering who says what through which channel to whom with what effect. Both models depict one-way communication without feedback and do not account for potential communication issues like noise.
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Aristotelian model and lasswell model
The document discusses two classic models of communication: Aristotle's model and Lasswell's model. Aristotle's model from ancient Greece is one of the earliest and most widely accepted models, focusing on a speaker delivering a message to an audience with the goal of producing a certain effect. Lasswell's model from the 20th century proposes analyzing any communication act by answering who says what through which channel to whom with what effect. Both models are examples of one-way communication and lack feedback. They were important early contributions to understanding communication but have limitations like not accounting for noise or the potential for communication to fail.
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Aristotelian model and lasswell model
The document discusses two classic models of communication: Aristotle's model and Lasswell's model. Aristotle's model from ancient Greece is one of the earliest and most widely accepted models, focusing on a speaker delivering a message to an audience with the goal of producing a certain effect. Lasswell's model from the 20th century proposes analyzing any communication act by answering who says what through which channel to whom with what effect. Both models are examples of one-way communication and lack feedback. They were important early contributions to understanding communication but have limitations like not accounting for noise or the potential for communication to fail.
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- Over history, PR has been used to promote wars, political causes, products, raise money, and publicize events and people.
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1) The Linear Model proposed by Aristotle which views communication as one-way from the speaker to the passive audience.
2) The Transactional Model which sees communication as circular with feedback between parties.
3) The Interactional Model which focuses on the interactions between parties in a communication exchange.
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2. It then examines Lasswell's model from 1948 which conceptualizes communication as involving a sender saying a message through a channel to a receiver with a particular effect.
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- The socio-psychological tradition focuses on how understandings, meanings, norms and roles are constructed through communication in groups and society. Reality is seen as constructed through interaction rather than objective.
- It was intended as an explanatory method to understand when persuasive messages succeed by looking at factors like likelihood of attitude change, direction of change, and commitment levels.
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2. David Morley applied reception theory to television with his Nationwide Project, which found that people from different social groups interpreted the same program differently based on their positions.
3. Uses and gratifications theory posits that audiences are active in choosing media to fulfill certain needs, such as escape, social interaction, identity, and information.
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The document discusses the hypodermic needle theory of mass communication, which suggests that media messages are directly injected into passive audiences, immediately influencing them. It notes that this theory from the 1930s is now considered outdated. The two-step flow model is presented as an alternative, in which opinion leaders influence the public rather than direct media effects. Lasswell's communication formula is also described as analyzing the basic questions of who communicates what through which channel to whom with what effect.
Interactive multimedia is a communication tool
This document discusses several models of communication that have been proposed over the years. It summarizes Aristotle's model which includes the speaker, message, and listener. It then discusses Harold Lasswell's model which considers who says what through which channel with what effect. Shannon and Weaver's model from information theory introduces the elements of a transmitter, receiver, and sources of noise. Wilbur Schramm's model considers the overlapping fields of experience of the sender and receiver. Finally, Berlo's "SMCR" model identifies controlling factors for the source, message, channel, and receiver in communication.
Communication Models
The document discusses several models of communication:
Aristotle's model from 300 BC focused on public speaking and identified five elements of communication. Lasswell's model analyzes who says what through which channel to whom with what effect. Shannon and Weaver's mathematical model views communication as not purely one-way with understanding of noise helping to solve problems. Osgood and Schramm's circular model sees communication as dynamic and circular in nature with feedback as a central feature. Berlo's SMCR model examines the source, message, channel, and receiver as key components of communication.
MODELS OF COMMUNICATION.pdf
This document discusses several models of communication:
- Linear models include Aristotle's model, Lasswell's model, and Berlo's SMCR model which view communication as one-way.
- Transactional models like Shannon and Weaver's model see communication as an exchange between sender and receiver.
- Interactive models such as Schramm's model and Dance's helical model view communication as a circular process between two or more parties. Each model type is described along with their components and criticisms.
models-180821080136 (4).pdf
This document discusses several models of communication:
- Linear models include Aristotle's model, Lasswell's model, and Berlo's SMCR model which view communication as one-way.
- Transactional models like Shannon and Weaver's model see communication as an exchange between sender and receiver.
- Interactive models such as Schramm's model and Dance's helical model view communication as a circular process between two or more parties. Each model type is described along with their components and criticisms.
Models of Communication
This document discusses several models of communication:
- Linear models include Aristotle's model, Lasswell's model, and Berlo's SMCR model which view communication as one-way.
- Transactional models like Shannon and Weaver's model see communication as an exchange between sender and receiver.
- Interactive models such as Schramm's model and Dance's helical model view communication as a circular process between two or more parties. Each model type is described along with their components and criticisms.
Communication Concepts, Theories And Models1
The document provides an overview of communication concepts, theories, models and processes. It discusses definitions of communication, different types including intrapersonal, interpersonal, group and mass communication. Key communication theories are outlined such as the hypodermic needle theory, two-step flow of information, agenda setting theory, reinforcement theory, and uses and gratification theory. Models of communication are also summarized including Aristotle's model, Lasswell's model, Shannon and Weaver's engineering model, and Schramm's interactive model.
2) models of communication
The document discusses several models of communication developed throughout history:
- Aristotle developed one of the first linear models in the 4th century BC focusing on the speaker, speech, audience, and effect but lacking feedback.
- Harold Lasswell presented a linear model in 1948 examining who communicates what message through which channel to whom with what effect.
- Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver's 1949 model added "noise" that can disrupt information transmission.
- Wilbur Schramm's 1955 interactive model depicted feedback and "fields of experience" to show communication as interactive between sender and receiver.
- Transactional models portray communication as dynamic with changing messages, roles, and shared understandings over time rather than sequential linear exchanges.
Scientific Method and Models of Mass Communication Research: By Abid Zafar Ms...
Scientific Method and Models of Mass Communication Research: By Abid Zafar Ms...International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Resume
Abid Zafar
PERSONAL DETAILS
DOB June 04, 1989
Email aabidzafarwarraich@gmail.com
Phone 0322 570 66 59
Address Chandni Chowk, Jalal Pur Jattan, Gujrat, Pakistan.
PROFILE
An enthusiastic individual I approach tasks with results in mind. I am well organized and I can work well as part of a team or on my own. I like completing things on time, and making sure that I keep learning how to do things well and quickly.
EDUCATION
M. Phil Media & Communication Studies Continues… (2014-2016)
International Islamic University Islamabad
MA Mass Communication & Media CGPA: 3.90/4.00 (2013)
University of Gujrat
Published Dissertation: “Comparative Analysis of Political Parties’ News and Advertisements Coverage of National Urdu Dailies Regarding Election 2013” ISBN 978-3-659-52287-1
B.ED Division 1st (2013-2014)
Alama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad
BA Political Science Division: 2nd (2011)
University of Gujrat
Diploma of Associate Engineering Division: 1st (2008)
(3-Year Diploma: Mechanical), Government Institute of Technology, Gujranwala.
Matriculation (Science) Division: 1st (2005)
Government Islamia High School, Jalal Pur Jattan, Gujrat
WORK EXPERIENCE
Worked as Reporter and Sub-editor in Online International Network from July 1, 2012 to August 31, 2012 Worked as Producer, Host and Reporter at FM- 106.6 from 21th November, 2012 to 25th May, 2013 I have great approach at Online Journalism, attended many seminars I have great experience of producing audio and video documentaries, news bulletins, features, Reports in two years Masters Degree Vast experience of writing, editing News stories, Columns, Features, Investigative reports I have great experience of Social Science Research where I got A+ in Final Thesis Regular Blogger
KEY STRENGTHS & SKILLS
I have great approach of Qualitative and Qualitative Research Methods I have great skills of writing Thesis and Research Papers I have great skills of Investigative Reporting I have skills about reporting and sub-editing in English journalism where I have reported number of seminars, National and International politicians, personalities and celebrities I have great skills of script writing, News stories, Investigative Reports, Online Journalism, Feature & columns writing I have multidimensional skills in the field of Mass Communication & Media where I got 3.90 CGPA out of 4.00, which presents my passions in this field Regular Bloggers I have great leadership abilities where I represent my class in two years Masters Degree President of Readers Club, which was about to improve reading and writing habits, conducted many seminar under my presidency
I am a great communicator, host many seminars, workshops and functions at university level I have great teaching skills where my teachers suggest me to join teaching as a profession I am a gHypodermic needle theory
The document discusses the hypodermic needle theory of mass communication. It was proposed in the 1930s and suggests that media messages directly influence passive audiences like injections from a needle. Katz and Lazarsfeld argued this theory was too simplistic and proposed the two-step flow model, where opinion leaders influence audiences. The document also discusses the Lasswell formula for communication research and concludes different individuals respond differently to the same media messages.
Active audience
The document discusses the theory of the active audience, which posits that audiences play an active role in interpreting media messages rather than passively accepting them. It outlines the development of this theory over time, from early models that viewed audiences as passive to Stuart Hall's encoding/decoding model and other research emphasizing that audiences filter messages through their own experiences and can negotiate or oppose the dominant meanings. The document also discusses criticisms of and ongoing questions around the active audience theory.
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Communication Model Of Aristotle, Lasswell And shannon Weaver
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Aristotelian model and lasswell model
- 2. Recognize the difference between one- way communication and two-way communication. Understand the Aristotle's model of communication and Lasswell’s model of communication.
- 3. Models of communication are conceptual models used to explain the human communication process. One-way communication Flows from a sender to a receiver, but nothing goes back in return. Two-way communication Communication is negotiated. OPEN OPEN
- 4. Aristotle’s model of communication is an example of one-way communication. 1 Aristotelian model is considered as the first model of communication and was proposed before 300 B.C 2 The most widely accepted among all communication models. 3 The Aristotle’s model of communication is a speaker-centered model. 4
- 5. Speaker, Speech, Occasion, Audience, Effect
- 6. In a Meeting de Avance, the running candidate for SK Chairman delivers his campaign speech to the audience urging them to vote him. He tries to convince the crowd in the best possible way he can think of so that he will come out as the winner. Speaker - the running candidate for SK Chairman Speech - campaign speech Occasion - Meeting de Avance Audience - crowd Effect - whether they are motivated to cast a vote for him or not.
- 7. There is no concept of feedback, it is one way from speaker to audience. There is no concept of communication failure like noise and barriers. This model can only be used in public speaking.
- 8. Harold Dwight Lasswell - Born on February 13, 1902 - Died on December 18, 1978 - He is an American political scientist Background Components Example Criticism A convenient way to describe an act of communication is to answer the following questions: Who, Says What, In Which Channel, To Whom, With What Effect Lasswell’s model of communication is an example of one- way communication. 1 2
- 9. Components of the Model: Background Components Example Criticism
- 10. Background Components Example Criticism Example: CNN NEWS- A water leak from Japan’s tsunami crippled nuclear power station resulted in about 100 times the permitted level of radioactive material flowing into the sea, operator Tokyo Electric Power Co said on Saturday. Who - TEPC Operator What - Radioactive material flowing into sea Channel - Television (CNN NEWS) Whom - Public Effect - Alert the people of Japan from the radiation
- 11. No feedback 1 Noise was not mentioned 2 A linear model of communication 3 Background Components Example Criticism
- 12. Thank you Do you have any question ?