Arduino is an open-source hardware and software platform for building electronics projects. It provides a simple environment for writing code to control sensors, actuators and other inputs/outputs. The Arduino platform includes affordable microcontroller boards, and a development environment that uses a simplified version of C/C++ to write code. This allows projects to sense and control the physical world through inputs like light, motion and temperature, and outputs like motors, lights and displays.

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Rahul Dubey

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What is Arduino?What is Arduino?
"Arduino is a tool for making computers
that can sense and control more of the
physical world than your desktop
computer. It's an open-source physical
computing platform based on a simple
microcontroller board, and a
development environment for writing
software for the board."
http://www.arduino.cc
/en/Guide/Introduction
xx

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What is Arduino?What is Arduino? Contd..Contd..
Its….
Open source Hardware and Software
prototyping platform
Which….
Uses sensors- to capture data:
e.g.motion, temperature, light, sound, RFID
Controls things- hooked up to it:
Like- motors, lights, LCD, coffee machines,
dishwashers, doors, etc.

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Why Arduino?Why Arduino?
• Current scenario:-
:
• Inexpensive:
• Cross-platform :(IDE available for
Windows, OSX and Linux)
• Simple, clear programming
environment (C like syntax, a lot of pre-
built libraries)
• Open source and extensible software
and hardware as well…

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Short Introduction
To
Arduino Board
(Hardware)
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Analog I/O pins-6Analog I/O pins-6
Digital I/O pins:Digital I/O pins:
MicrocontrollMicrocontroll
erer
USB to SerialUSB to Serial
Conv.Conv.
FTDIFTDI
FT232-ICFT232-IC
PowerPower
Connector

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0.5 KB used by0.5 KB used by
bootloaderbootloader

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Arduino Schematic
Arduino Uno board Schematic

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How Is Arduino Used?How Is Arduino Used?
• First of all a circuit will be designed using various
sensors on a breadboard, wires and other peripherals
(LCD, servo, etc.)
• Once the circuit is designed the Arduino IDE is used
to write programs or sketches for the circuit.
• The program is compiled in the IDE and then
uploaded to the Arduino microcontroller. .
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Short Introduction
To
Arduino IDE
Integrated Development Environment
(Software)
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Input AreaInput Area
Status BarStatus Bar
Program NotificationProgram Notification

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Arduino IDEArduino IDE
Arduno IDE comes with AVR g++ compiler.
Arduino hardware is programmed using a
Wiring-based language (syntax and libraries),
similar to C++ with some simplifications
and modifications.
 It includes a code editor with features such as
syntax highlighting, brace matching, and
automatic indentation, and is also capable of
compiling and uploading programs to the board
with a single click. There is typically no need to
edit makefiles or run programs on a command-
line interface.
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Arduino IDE is compitible with Window,
Linux and MAC computer.
STANDARD LIBRERIES:
EEPROM , Ethernet, Firmata ,LiquidCrystal,
Servo , SPI, SoftwareSerial, Stepper, Wire .
CONTRIBUTED LIBRERIES:
Metro, Mstimer2, LedControl, LedDisplay
… etc
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Coding guidelines
Arduino coding guidelines

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Arduino “Pins”Arduino “Pins”
• Arduino has digital [0-13] and analog pins
[A0-A5] used with different peripherals and
sensors.
• Each pin has a mode that can be changed from
input mode to output mode.
• Pins are used to read and write data.
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Basic LED Blink SketchBasic LED Blink Sketch
• Required: Arduino and Arduino IDE, add
an LED to kick things up, jumbo LED for
another notch!
• Demonstrates the basics for all Arduino
sketches:
setup/loop/pinMode/digitalWrite
• This code comes with the Arduino IDE:
File -> Examples -> Basics -> Blink
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Conventional code vis-à-vis Arduino
sketch
int main (void)
{
init();
setup();
for (;;)
loop ();
return 0;
}

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Timer
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>
#include <avr/signal.h>
SIGNAL(SIG_OVERFLOW1) {
PORTB = ~ PORTB;
}
void main() {
DDRB=0xFF;
TIMSK= (1<<TOIE1);
TCCR1A=0x00; // timer1 in normal mode operation
TCCR1B=0X05; // pre scaling by 1024
TCNT1L=0x00;
TCNT1H=0X00;
sei();
while (1);
}
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TimerTimer
Wednesday, April 04, 2012Wednesday, April 04, 2012

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Arduino library and functions
Arduino library
Using functions in Arduino environment

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Some case studies of Arduino
based projects

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Arduino based interfaces
Sparkfun Inventors guide for interfacing