This document discusses different types of information sources and how to locate them. It defines primary sources as original materials, secondary sources as analyses and interpretations of primary sources, and tertiary sources as references that lead to primary and secondary sources. Examples are provided for each type. The document also outlines how sources are located through library catalogs, databases, archives and more. It emphasizes building on previous research through proper citation of sources.

1. Architecture 109
FIRST YEAR SEMINAR IN ARCHITECTURE

2. Source Types
UNDERSTANDING THE INFORMATION
CYCLE

3. What is a Source?
A place, person, or thing from which
information comes or can be obtained
Examples: book, article, photograph,
interview, manuscript, letter, diary/journal,
advertisement, architectural plan, building,
monument, epigraphic inscription, drawing,
utilitarian object

4. Three Types of Sources
 Primary Sources
Information in its original form when it first
appears
 Secondary Sources
Restates, rearranges, examines, or
interprets information from one or more
primary sources
 Tertiary Sources
Leads you to secondary sources

5. Primary Sources
 Has not been published anywhere else or put into a context, interpreted,
filtered, condensed, or evaluated by anyone else
 Examples
 A speech, lecture, or presentation
 Writing by the witness(es) of an event, person, or place
 Newspaper articles
 A diary or journal
 Letters, correspondence, or transcribed conversations
 Artwork, poetry, and other artistic expressions
 An original scientific study
 Historical documents or publications
 The U.S. Constitution
 Maps

6. Secondary Sources
 Has been removed from its original source and repackaged
 Examples
Notes or summary of a speech, lecture, or presentation
Book or journal article analyzing an historical person or event
and attempting to put it in context
Critic’s response to artwork, poetry, and other artistic
expressions
Encyclopedia article on a topic
Newspaper article reporting on a scientific study published
elsewhere
 May also lead you to primary information
Bibliography or index of primary sources

7. Tertiary Sources
 Commonly used to identify and locate secondary
sources
 Examples
Bibliography of critical works about a person,
period, work, or other topic
Index to secondary sources
Print index to journal, magazine, or newspaper
articles
Database (online index to journal, magazine, or
newspaper articles)
Library catalog

8. Information Timeline
 Most Primary Sources are created soon after
an event occurs
 Over time, more Secondary Sources are
created

9. Information Timeline:
Secondary Sources Detail

10. Finding Sources
HOW TO LOCATE THE INFORMATION YOU
NEED

11. Where Do I Find…
PRIMARY SOURCES
 Library’s Catalog
 Library’s Databases
 ARTstor
 Print Indexes
 Archives
 Historical Societies
 Manuscript Collections
 Museums
 Embedded in Secondary Sources
SECONDARY SOURCES
Library’s Catalog
Library’s Databases
 JSTOR
 Arts & Humanities Citation
Index
 Project MUSE
Bibliographies
Print Indexes

12. Research Guides
http://libguides.sdstate.edu/architecture
http://libguides.sdstate.edu/arch109

13. Briggs Map Collection
 Selected full-size maps are available in the Library
 Maps are organized by collection
USGS topographical maps
Sanborn Fire Insurance maps
NGA (formerly DMA) nautical charts
Border Patrol maps
And more
 Collections are arranged by call number or
alphabetically

15. Searching JSTOR
 More than 1,400 scholarly journals from over
50 academic disciplines
 Includes scholarly journals, conference
proceedings, primary source materials, and
(as of 2012) books
 Access JSTOR through the Architecture
Research Guides or the Library’s Databases
A-Z List
JSTOR

16. Citing Sources
GIVE CREDIT WHERE CREDIT’S DUE

17. Why do we cite sources?
What is the purpose of citation?
What benefit does it have?

18. Reasons to Cite
 Demonstrate your integrity and skill as a
responsible participant in your field
 Lend authority to your work by relating your ideas
to those of other researchers
 Help readers understand the context of your
argument and locate other sources on the topic
 Give the author credit for their work – research
and publication are labor intensive!

19. Scholarly Communication
Research
Builds on the
Work of Others

20. Scholarly Communication
 Conversations
Build Over
Time
 Take Part in the
Conversation

21. Parts of a Citation

22. MLA and Chicago Style
 Murphy, Cullen. "Women and
the Bible." Atlantic Monthly
Aug. 1993: 39-64. Print.
 (Murphy 42)
 Murphy, Cullen. "Women and
the Bible." Atlantic Monthly
272, no. 2 (1993): 39-64.
 1. Cullen Murphy, "Women
and the Bible," Atlantic
Monthly 272, no. 2 (1993):
39-64.
 2. Murphy, "Women and the
Bible," 42.
 Murphy, Cullen, 1993.
"Women and the Bible."
Atlantic Monthly 272 (2): 39-
64.
 (Murphy 1993, 42)

23. Online Citation Help
http://libguides.
sdstate.edu/ML
AStyle
Purdue Owl
http://libguides.
sdstate.edu/citi
ng
MLA CHICAGO