Presented by Wuletawu Abera, Lulseged Tamene, Kindu Mekonnen, Kifle Woldearegay, Melkamu Derseh and Meron Tadesse, ILRI, at the Africa RISING Ethiopian Highlands Project Review and Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 21–22 May 2019

1. Trade-off and synergy analysis
of ES for improving land
management strategies in
Ethiopia
Wuletawu Abera, Lulseged Tamene, Kindu Mekonnen, Kifle
Woldearegay, Melkamu Derseh and Meron Tadesse
Africa RISING Ethiopian Highlands Project Review and Planning Meeting
Addis Ababa, 21–22 May 2019

2. The problem(s): anthropogenic and natural factors causing poor performance
Rainfall variability and extreme events
cause 4-fold decline in GDP (Nuru, 2012)
14.5 M ha (50%
HLs degraded)
Land degradation
costs 4.3 billion
year-1
(Gebreselassie et
al., 2016)
Low input use
(x*less than SSA
average)
Over 107 million
people +
mismanagement
+ low input use
The two
interact and
enforce
each other

3. 3
Solution(s): identify and offer for planners and decision makers
Landscape restoration Sustainable intensification
Irrigation Mechanization Land consolidation/clustering

4. 4
Solution(s): Investment on RDL and identify and offer for planners and decision makers
Do we know where interventions have been made?
Do we know where studies have been made?
Do we know the impact(s) of interventions?

5. 5
Performances of restoration efforts in Ethiopia
 Evidences
• Photographs
• Films/videos
• Isolated studies
• No quantitative information
at national scale
 Affects planning
 Undermines negotiating capacity
for carbon payment and/or PES
Scientific study on the impacts of interventions on various ES

6. Major SLM option
Impacts of interventions – generating single as well as multiple functions
Majority of studies assess impacts considering single ‘commodity’!
This can underestimate and undermine the real benefits of landscape restoration efforts!
Change(%)
Change (%)
BiologicalBundsCAExclosuresIWM
Numberofstudies
Biological Bunds CA Exclosures IWM

7. • The bias corrected 95%
confidence intervals (CIs) of the
mean was generated by a
bootstrapping procedure (Song et
al., 2014).
• The effects of the land restoration
interventions on ecosystem
function was considered
significant at P < 0.05 if the 95%
CIs did not cross 0 (Guo and
Gifford, 2002).
• For convenience, the effect size
was converted from the natural
logarithm to percentage using the
equation (𝑒 𝑅𝑅
-1)*100 proposed
by (Luo et al, 2006).
Performances of restoration efforts: effect size
Abera et al. in review

8. Contributions of different SLM options for different ecosystem functions – tradeoff
analysis

9. Tradeoff and synergies by agroecological zones

10. Which CA?
Biological
Bunds
CABund+Bio
Fanya juu
Enclosure
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.00
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20
SOC
Yield
Agroforestry
Feed options
Cover crop
Cut & carry
Apiculture
Enrichment
Nutrient adding
Multipurpose
Compatible – shade, root + reverse phenology
Legume
Multipurpose
What (technology) might minimize tradeoff and increase win-win

11. Biological
Bunds
CABund+Bio
Fanya juu
Enclosure
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.00
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20
SOC
Yield
CIMMYT
CIFOR+ICRAF
Youth groups
Governments
Mapping institutions to enhance synergies and minimize trade-off?

12. Contextual information – social, location, AEZ, governance,
technological issue, market
Farm typology
Institutional linkage and integration
Implement SIAF within the Amhara, Tigray, SNNP AR sites!
Further investigation

13.  Academic institutions:
 Wachemo, Mekelle, Madawolabu, Debre Berhan and Hawassa universities;
Maichew Agricultural College
 Regional research organizations:
 Amhara Regional Agricultural Research Institute, Southern Agricultural
Research Institute, Tigray Agricultural Research Institute, Oromia Agricultural
Research Institute
 Federal research organizations:
 Ethiopian Institute for Agricultural Research, Ethiopian Public Health
Institute
 Offices of Agriculture:
 Endamekoni (Tigray), Basona Worena (Amhara), Lemo (SNNRP) and Sinana
(Oromia)
 Private entrepreneurs: Fuji integrated farm
 NGOs: GRAD, Hundie, SOS Sahel, Sunarma
 Agricultural Transformation Agency (ATA)
 Innovation laboratories: SIIL, ILSSI, PHIL, LSIL
LocalPartners (Phase 1)- Ethiopia

14. Scaling Development Partners in the Different Sites/Regions
(Phase II)- Examples
InterAide France SNNPR, Lemo NGO
Send-a-Cow SNNPR, Lemo NGO
Ethiopian Catholic Church SNNPR, Lemo NGO
Hundie Addis Ababa NGO
World Vision SNNPR/Lemo NGO
Woreda, zonal and regional livestock and
fishery development offices, and
agriculture and natural resources
development offices
SNNPR, Amhara, Oromia and
Tigray/Lemo, Basona, Sinana,
Endamehoni
GOs
GRAD/REST Tigray/ Endamehoni NGO
Raya, Dashen and Habesha Breweries Tigray/ Endamehoni and Amhara/
Debre Birhan
PLC
Oromia Seed Enterprise Oromia/Sinana GO
Madda Walabu, Wachemo, Debere
Birhan, Mekele, Hawassa Universities
SNNPR, Amhara, Oromia and Tigray GOV
Saint Mary and Michew ATEVT collages Tigray/Endamehoni GOs
Regional and Federal Research centers SNNPR, Amhara, Oromia and
Tigray/Lemo, Basona, Sinnan,
Endamehoni
GOs

15. Africa Research in Sustainable Intensification for the Next Generation
africa-rising.net
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