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Mapping Vulnerability and Resilience for Ecosystem Based Approaches to Adaptation
The document discusses the mapping of vulnerability and resilience in mountain ecosystems, highlighting their dual nature of being highly resilient yet vulnerable to climate change. It outlines initiatives aimed at promoting sustainable mountain development within the framework of the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and presents various collaborative efforts to integrate climate change adaptation into development policies in countries like Peru, Nepal, and Uganda. Key messages emphasize the importance of ecosystem-based approaches to enhance resilience and the need for localized adaptation strategies.
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Mapping Vulnerability and Resilience for Ecosystem Based Approaches to Adaptation
- 1. Mapping Vulnerability andResilience for Ecosystem Based Approaches to Adaptation Keith Alverson keith.alverson@unep.org www.unep.org/climatechange/adaptation/ UN System Side Event. UNFCCC COP 19 Warsaw, 16 November, 2013
- 2. IPCC AR5. NoMountains. Africa is whiter than the Ocean!
- 3. IPCC AR5 -Regional is interesting. No ecozones (eg mountains).
- 4. Mountain ecosystem goodsand services © Zoi Environment Network
- 5. • Mountain regions havethe highest regional natural variability in weather in climate in the world • Mountain ecosystems (and communities) are thus inherently among the most highly resilient to climatic stress. • At the same time, because global warming can literally push climatic zones off the top of mountains, they can be among the most vulnerable (locally, conditions become outside the envelope). • Despite this apparent contradiction. Mountains provide an excellent testbed for ecosystem (and community) based adaptation approaches.
- 6. Mountains and SDGs Jointinitiative in the framework of the Mountain Partnership towards mainstreaming mountains into the SDGs, following UNEP’s integrative approach. Objective: Promote Sustainable Mountain Development in the context of SDG development and implementation. Outputs: Policy brief development - Energy – 25-27 November 2013 - Climate Change and DRR – 6-10 January 2014 - Forests and Biodiversity – 3-7 February 2014
- 7. UNEP in theMountains • Partnership of UNEP, IUCN & UNDP under broader EBA flagship programme, current focus on Mountains in Peru, Nepal & Uganda; • Partnership with UNESCO on Mountain matters globally; • Leading the development of the first Africa Mountains Atlas due 2014. • Andes component of REGATTA project
- 8. “Climate change actionin developing countries with fragile mountainous ecosystems from a regional perspective” 2014-2017, Total: 1.75 Mio EUR financed by Austria - Support to mountainous developing countries to integrate climate change adaptation into development policies/plans/strategies - Understand vulnerabilities and impacts - trigger policy action Main activities: Understand and map vulnerabilities and impacts Establish regional cooperation platforms Develop climate change outlooks (participatory assessments)
- 9. Climate Change VulnerabilityMethodological Framework UNEP REGATTA Initiative. Andes Case Studies.
- 10. Municipalities most Exposedto Climate Change and Adaptive Capacity Indicators in Ecuador PROVINCIA CANTON LOJA LOJA LOJA LOJA LOJA TUNGURAHUA AZUAY LOJA LOJA CHIMBORAZO BOLIVAR CHIMBORAZO BOLIVAR IMBABURA COTOPAXI PINDAL SOZORANGA CELICA CATAMAYO GONZANAMÁ BAÑOS DE AGUA SANTA SANTA ISABEL CALVAS MACARA PALLATANGA SAN MIGUEL ALAUSI GUARANDA IBARRA PUJILI Population Relative Employed Crop Loss in Agriculture 78% 67% 43% 40% 33% 33% 27% 18% 18% 12% 11% 8% 8% 8% 6% 26% 20% 17% 12% 14% 4% 14% 10% 13% 18% 14% 7% 10% 6% 9% Roads 62% 72% 60% 83% 82% 66% 47% 100% 58% 100% 86% 59% 89% 89% 67% Unsatisfied Population Rural Basic Population Rural Iliteracy Migration in School Population Needs Density Index(rural) 7% 7% 8% 9% 7% 10% 7% 9% 9% 6% 8% 5% 7% 10% 6% 2.14 1.99 3.04 2.87 3.88 3.30 5.13 4.82 2.18 2.90 7.01 14.44 25.93 18.86 22.96 10% 8% 9% 7% 10% 6% 9% 10% 8% 19% 11% 28% 24% 12% 28% 61% 56% 56% 48% 54% 45% 55% 58% 56% 62% 55% 60% 61% 41% 61% -2 -11.2 -2.4 0.1 -17.31 1.32 -2.1 -9.59 -5.17 -9.24 -9.9 -11.8 -10.8 0.5 -10.5 42.80 18.10 27.70 47.00 18.21 18.78 30.40 33.51 33.03 30.46 47.50 26.6 48.5 165.7 53
- 11. Biophysical and SocialSensitivity in Colombia Income Subsistence
- 12. EXAMPLE Nepal, Peru& Uganda Ecosystem Based Adaptation in Mountain Ecosystems
- 13. Geographic distribution ofEBA studies Source: Munroe et al. 2011 13
- 14. Synergies of EbAwith other approaches • Overlaps with disaster risk management, community based natural resource management, REDD+, • Mix of human needs & environmental sustainability • Strong local-level synergies Adapted from Midgley et al. 2012 14
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- 17. Ecosystem Based Adaptationin Mountain Ecosystems Programme • Partnership of UNEP, IUCN & UNDP under broader EBA flagship programme • BMU provided 10 million Euro for Mountain Ecosystems Programme (+1.5 million 2014!) • Steered by Global Steering Committee • Dec 2010 – Dec 2015 • Pilot phase: Nepal, Peru & Uganda. • Broader learning for other mountain areas and countries to be added in next phase
- 18. Take Home Messages •Ecosystem based approaches can be both build resilience to climate change and deliver multiple benefits. • Don’t adapt to Global averages Focus on local, regional and hydrological impacts and Societal Variables. • Climate adaptation is not separable from sustainable mountain development. Integrate and mainstream CCA policies.
- 19.
Editor's Notes
- #5 Mountains are important sources of water, energy, minerals, forest and agricultural products and areas of recreation. 40% of global population lives in the watersheds of rivers originating in the planet’s different mountain ranges. Mountains have a profound influence on not only their local climate and immediate vicinity, but sometimes in areas a thousand or more miles away.
- #14 Some of these are Mountain specific.