Presented by Endalkachew Wolde-Meskel, Aberra Adie, Melkamu Bezabih and Peter Thorne, ILRI, at the Africa RISING Ethiopian Highlands Project Review and Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 21–22 May 2019
Proposed contributions of Africa RISING for AICCRA small ruminant value chain...africa-rising
Presented by Kindu Mekonnen, Peter Thorne, Melkamu Bezabih and Aberra Adie at the Accelerating the impacts of CGIAR climate research in Africa (AICCRA) Virtual team meeting, 21 August 2020
Horticulture issue and challenges in North East IndiaJeebit Singh
The presentation describes various issues and challenges faced in commercial adoption of one of the potential area of agriculture i.e. Horticulture in one of the biodiversity rich area of North Eastern Region of India. It also briefly describes the major potential horticultural crops that can be cultivated and some of the strategies to overcome this challenges
Research focus of Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR)ILRI
Presented by Fentahun Mengistu, EIAR, at the Ethiopia - CGIAR Research Programs (CRPs) Country Collaboration and Site Integration Meeting, Addis Ababa, 11 December 2015
Opportunities for forage improvement through the ILRI GenebankILRI
Presented by Chris Jones and Alieu Sartie at the Class IV of the University of California, Davis African Plant Breeding Academy Workshop, ILRI, Nairobi, 28 November 2018
This is a presentation that HFUU Legislative Committee made to Senate Agriculture Chairman Clarence Nishihara, and House Arriculture Chairlady Jessica Wooley on 11.4.13
Proposed contributions of Africa RISING for AICCRA small ruminant value chain...africa-rising
Presented by Kindu Mekonnen, Peter Thorne, Melkamu Bezabih and Aberra Adie at the Accelerating the impacts of CGIAR climate research in Africa (AICCRA) Virtual team meeting, 21 August 2020
Horticulture issue and challenges in North East IndiaJeebit Singh
The presentation describes various issues and challenges faced in commercial adoption of one of the potential area of agriculture i.e. Horticulture in one of the biodiversity rich area of North Eastern Region of India. It also briefly describes the major potential horticultural crops that can be cultivated and some of the strategies to overcome this challenges
Research focus of Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR)ILRI
Presented by Fentahun Mengistu, EIAR, at the Ethiopia - CGIAR Research Programs (CRPs) Country Collaboration and Site Integration Meeting, Addis Ababa, 11 December 2015
Opportunities for forage improvement through the ILRI GenebankILRI
Presented by Chris Jones and Alieu Sartie at the Class IV of the University of California, Davis African Plant Breeding Academy Workshop, ILRI, Nairobi, 28 November 2018
This is a presentation that HFUU Legislative Committee made to Senate Agriculture Chairman Clarence Nishihara, and House Arriculture Chairlady Jessica Wooley on 11.4.13
CASFESA closure -- SIMLESA: Enhancing Integration, Innovation and Impacts in...CIMMYT
Presentation at a one-day workshop on February 23, 2015, convened to take stock of the Conservation Agriculture and Smallholder Farmers in East and Southern Africa (CASFESA) pilot project. CASFESA scientists share experience after three years of implementation in South Achefer and Jebitehnan Districts of Amhara Region, Northern Ethiopia, from June 2012, ending in March 2015. Funded by the European Union through the International Fund for Agricultural Development, CASFESA aimed at increasing food security and incomes of poor smallholder farmers through sustainable intensification of mixed, cereal-based systems.
The project will leave a rich legacy, including:
• adaptation and demonstration of CA-based technologies on selected farmer plots;
• enhancing pro-poor and gender-sensitive targeting of CA-based interventions;
• improving the delivery of information, including on technologies and market opportunities to smallholders, as well as developing policy options and recommendations that favor these technologies; and,
• enhancing the capacity of research, and development interventions, for project stakeholders.
Smallholder dairy development and environmental impacts in TanzaniaILRI
Presented by Birthe Paul, Beatus Nzogela, David Ngunga (Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT) at the Maziwa Zaidi stakeholder workshop on Environmental Management Opportunities for Dairy in Tanzania, Arusha, Tanzania, 16 December 2020
Presentation by Dr. Sonja Vermeulen at the UN Climate Talks in Bonn, 17 May 2016. Find out more about this event and work by the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security at https://ccafs.cgiar.org/sb44-side-event-adapting-climate-change-agricultural-systems-experience-latin-america-africa-and
Derek Headey, Robel Alemu, Will Martin, David Stifel, and
Sofia Vielma
POLICY SEMINAR
Food Markets and Nutrition in the Developing World: Results from ARENA II
MAR 18, 2019 - 12:15 PM TO 01:45 PM EDT
NEADAP Forage Scan of East Africa Presentation 13 August 2019ProDairy E.A. Ltd
In addition to the generally low quality of fresh and preserved forages due to relaxed management practices and unimproved forage seeds and planting material, there is seasonality in the quantity and quality of forage available. Most areas experience an acute shortage of supply during the dry season and the available forages during this period is of very poor quality. At present, the feeding costs of East Africa dairy farmers represent 60-70% of the total production cost of one litre of milk.
LIVES feed value chain development: Approaches and scalable interventions ILRI
Presented by Yayneshet Tesfay, Abule Ebro, Yoseph Mekasha, Zeleke Mekuriaw, Yigzaw Dessalegn, Solomon Gizaw, Amenti Chala, Mesfin Tefera, Teshome Derso, Worku Teka, Dawit Woldemariam, Haile Tilahun, Berhanu Gebremedhin, Dirk Hoekstra and Azage Tegegne at the Workshop and Exhibition on Promoting Productivity and Market Access Technologies and Approaches to Improve Farm Income and Livelihoods in Ethiopia: Lessons from Action Research Projects, ILRI, Addis Ababa, 8-9 December 2016
Participatory variety selection and scaling: Cool-season food legumes africa-rising
Poster prepared by Seid Ahmed, Negussie Tadesse and Yetsedaw Aynewa for the Africa RISING Ethiopia Review and Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 29-30 November 2016
Richard Bramley - Yorkshire Farmer. Profiting from Sustainability Feedback Se...Stevencann1
Presentation by Yorkshire Farmer, Richard Bramley at the Profiting from Sustainability Feedback Session in York during April 2015 organised by Future Food Solutions Ltd
The contribution of Africa RISING research to development outcomesafrica-rising
Presented by Irmgard Hoeschle-Zeledon, Mateete Bekunda, Haroon Sseguya and Silvanas Mruma to the USAID Tanzania Country Mission, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 18 September 2017
Inoculation and P fertilizer improves food and feed production in grain legum...ILRI
Presented by Sisay Belete, Adugna Tolera, Melkamu Bezabih and Endalkachew W/Meskel at the Workshop and Exhibition on Promoting Productivity and Market Access Technologies and Approaches to Improve Farm Income and Livelihoods in Ethiopia: Lessons from Action Research Projects, ILRI, Addis Ababa, 8-9 December 2016
Smallholder farmers’ legume technology adoption preferences and contributions...ILRI
Presented by Dagmawit Getachew, Yitbarek Tegegne, Workneh Kassa, Endalkachew Wolde-meskel, Tamiru Amanu and Edward Baars at the Workshop and Exhibition on Promoting Productivity and Market Access Technologies and Approaches to Improve Farm Income and Livelihoods in Ethiopia: Lessons from Action Research Projects, ILRI, Addis Ababa, 8-9 December 2016
International Center for Tropical Agriculture Centro Internacional de Agricul...SIANI
Presented as part of the SIANI Hesa Expert Group meeting in Chulalongkorn University School of Agricultural Resources (CUSAR) in Bangkok. More at: http://bit.ly/1NwBkbp
David Paterson from Heineken PLC - Profiting from Sustainability Feedback Ses...Stevencann1
Presentation by David Paterson from HEINEKEN at the Profiting from Sustainability Feedback Session in York during April 2015 organised by Future Food Solutions Ltd
Feed innovations for improved livestock productivity in the Ethiopian highlan...africa-rising
Presented by Melkamu Bezabih, Kindu Mekonnen, Abera Adie and Peter Thorne at the Workshop and Exhibition on Promoting Productivity and Market Access Technologies and Approaches to Improve Farm Income and Livelihoods in Ethiopia: Lessons from Action Research Projects, ILRI, Addis Ababa, 8-9 December 2016
CASFESA closure -- SIMLESA: Enhancing Integration, Innovation and Impacts in...CIMMYT
Presentation at a one-day workshop on February 23, 2015, convened to take stock of the Conservation Agriculture and Smallholder Farmers in East and Southern Africa (CASFESA) pilot project. CASFESA scientists share experience after three years of implementation in South Achefer and Jebitehnan Districts of Amhara Region, Northern Ethiopia, from June 2012, ending in March 2015. Funded by the European Union through the International Fund for Agricultural Development, CASFESA aimed at increasing food security and incomes of poor smallholder farmers through sustainable intensification of mixed, cereal-based systems.
The project will leave a rich legacy, including:
• adaptation and demonstration of CA-based technologies on selected farmer plots;
• enhancing pro-poor and gender-sensitive targeting of CA-based interventions;
• improving the delivery of information, including on technologies and market opportunities to smallholders, as well as developing policy options and recommendations that favor these technologies; and,
• enhancing the capacity of research, and development interventions, for project stakeholders.
Smallholder dairy development and environmental impacts in TanzaniaILRI
Presented by Birthe Paul, Beatus Nzogela, David Ngunga (Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT) at the Maziwa Zaidi stakeholder workshop on Environmental Management Opportunities for Dairy in Tanzania, Arusha, Tanzania, 16 December 2020
Presentation by Dr. Sonja Vermeulen at the UN Climate Talks in Bonn, 17 May 2016. Find out more about this event and work by the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security at https://ccafs.cgiar.org/sb44-side-event-adapting-climate-change-agricultural-systems-experience-latin-america-africa-and
Derek Headey, Robel Alemu, Will Martin, David Stifel, and
Sofia Vielma
POLICY SEMINAR
Food Markets and Nutrition in the Developing World: Results from ARENA II
MAR 18, 2019 - 12:15 PM TO 01:45 PM EDT
NEADAP Forage Scan of East Africa Presentation 13 August 2019ProDairy E.A. Ltd
In addition to the generally low quality of fresh and preserved forages due to relaxed management practices and unimproved forage seeds and planting material, there is seasonality in the quantity and quality of forage available. Most areas experience an acute shortage of supply during the dry season and the available forages during this period is of very poor quality. At present, the feeding costs of East Africa dairy farmers represent 60-70% of the total production cost of one litre of milk.
LIVES feed value chain development: Approaches and scalable interventions ILRI
Presented by Yayneshet Tesfay, Abule Ebro, Yoseph Mekasha, Zeleke Mekuriaw, Yigzaw Dessalegn, Solomon Gizaw, Amenti Chala, Mesfin Tefera, Teshome Derso, Worku Teka, Dawit Woldemariam, Haile Tilahun, Berhanu Gebremedhin, Dirk Hoekstra and Azage Tegegne at the Workshop and Exhibition on Promoting Productivity and Market Access Technologies and Approaches to Improve Farm Income and Livelihoods in Ethiopia: Lessons from Action Research Projects, ILRI, Addis Ababa, 8-9 December 2016
Participatory variety selection and scaling: Cool-season food legumes africa-rising
Poster prepared by Seid Ahmed, Negussie Tadesse and Yetsedaw Aynewa for the Africa RISING Ethiopia Review and Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 29-30 November 2016
Richard Bramley - Yorkshire Farmer. Profiting from Sustainability Feedback Se...Stevencann1
Presentation by Yorkshire Farmer, Richard Bramley at the Profiting from Sustainability Feedback Session in York during April 2015 organised by Future Food Solutions Ltd
The contribution of Africa RISING research to development outcomesafrica-rising
Presented by Irmgard Hoeschle-Zeledon, Mateete Bekunda, Haroon Sseguya and Silvanas Mruma to the USAID Tanzania Country Mission, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 18 September 2017
Inoculation and P fertilizer improves food and feed production in grain legum...ILRI
Presented by Sisay Belete, Adugna Tolera, Melkamu Bezabih and Endalkachew W/Meskel at the Workshop and Exhibition on Promoting Productivity and Market Access Technologies and Approaches to Improve Farm Income and Livelihoods in Ethiopia: Lessons from Action Research Projects, ILRI, Addis Ababa, 8-9 December 2016
Smallholder farmers’ legume technology adoption preferences and contributions...ILRI
Presented by Dagmawit Getachew, Yitbarek Tegegne, Workneh Kassa, Endalkachew Wolde-meskel, Tamiru Amanu and Edward Baars at the Workshop and Exhibition on Promoting Productivity and Market Access Technologies and Approaches to Improve Farm Income and Livelihoods in Ethiopia: Lessons from Action Research Projects, ILRI, Addis Ababa, 8-9 December 2016
International Center for Tropical Agriculture Centro Internacional de Agricul...SIANI
Presented as part of the SIANI Hesa Expert Group meeting in Chulalongkorn University School of Agricultural Resources (CUSAR) in Bangkok. More at: http://bit.ly/1NwBkbp
David Paterson from Heineken PLC - Profiting from Sustainability Feedback Ses...Stevencann1
Presentation by David Paterson from HEINEKEN at the Profiting from Sustainability Feedback Session in York during April 2015 organised by Future Food Solutions Ltd
Feed innovations for improved livestock productivity in the Ethiopian highlan...africa-rising
Presented by Melkamu Bezabih, Kindu Mekonnen, Abera Adie and Peter Thorne at the Workshop and Exhibition on Promoting Productivity and Market Access Technologies and Approaches to Improve Farm Income and Livelihoods in Ethiopia: Lessons from Action Research Projects, ILRI, Addis Ababa, 8-9 December 2016
Approaches and interventions to make SI function in the Ethiopian Highlands: ...africa-rising
Presented by Kindu Mekonnen and Peter Thorne (ILRI) at the Echo East Africa Symposium on Best Practices in Improved Nutrition and Sustainable Agriculture in Highland Areas, Rwanda, 26-28 November 2019
Presented by Ben Lukuyu, Leonard Marwa, Chrispinus Rubanza, Anthony Kimaro and Christopher Mutungi at at the Africa RISING ESA Project Review and Planning Meeting, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 11-12 September 2019.
Presentations from the 1st Kenya Food Systems Conference held last April 5, 2023.
Included are presentations:
- Maize Productivity Growth: Addressing uncertainties and potential for further growth. (Charles Bett, Deputy Institute Director, Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research – Kiboko)
- Agricultural Inputs: Affordability, Availability, and Adoption. (John Olwande, Research Fellow, Tegemeo Institute of Agricultural Policy, and Development)
- Improving Postharvest Management systems: The Social, Economic, and Environmental Gains. (Prof. Jane Ambuko, University of Nairobi)
- Knowledge Transfer: Building capacity through extension and digital services. (Michael Keenan, Associate Research Fellow, IFPRI)
- De-risking agriculture through crop insurance? Insights from an impact evaluation of novel insurance solutions. (Berber Kamer, Senior Research Fellow, IFPRI)
- Options for addressing high food prices and for making food more affordable. (Lilian Kirimi, Senior Research Fellow, Tegemeo)
- Improving food safety. (Prof. Erastus Kang’ethe, Food Safety Consultant)
- Last mile retail: A Look at Mama Mboga and supermarkets. (Christiane Chege, International Center for Tropical Agriculture – CIAT)
- Promoting healthier diets and influencing consumer preferences. (Olivier Ecker, Senior Research Fellow, IFPRI)
- Developments and forecasts for global food, fertilizer, and fuel markets. (David Laborde, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations – FAO)
- Climate-proofing agricultural production and the food system. (Michael Ndegwa, Associate Sceintist, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center – CIMMYT)
- Managing migration and urbanization. ( Dr. Moses Muthinja, Director, Integrated Development, Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis – KIPPRA)
- Demographic shifts: Leveraging women and youth for food system transformation. ( Prof. Salome Bukachi, Institute of Anthropology, Gender and African Studies, University of Nairobi)
- Recommendations and actions to support the implementation of the Bottom-Up Economic Plan - Summary of Day 1 - (Joseph Maina, MoALD and Joseph Karugia, ILRI/CGIAR)
Postharvest feed handling and utilization innovation africa-rising
Poster prepared by Melkamu Bezabih, Aberra Adie, Kindu Mekonnen and Peter Thorne (ILRI) for the Africa RISING Ethiopian Highlands Project Review and Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 21–22 May 2019
Regional Rice Initiative: Updates, Results to Date & Future Planned WorkSri Lmb
Mr. Johannes W. Ketelaar presented on 'Regional Rice Initiative: Updates, Results to Date & Future Planned Work' at Regional Review and Planning Workshop 2017, Hanoi, Vietnam
Intensification of maize-legume based systems in the semi-arid areas of Tanza...africa-rising
Presented by Ganga Rao, NVRP, Kimaro, A., Makumbi, D., Mponda, O., Msangi, R., Rubanza, C.D., Seetha, A., Swai, E. and Okori, P. at the Africa RISING East and Southern Africa annual review and planning meeting, Lilongwe, Malawi, 3-5 September 2013
The document deals with the current status of Organic Farming in Ethiopia and its future prospects. The current fertility status of Ethiopian soil is a subject that needs an urgent interference from the government. Organic fertilizers play an important role in reclaiming the soil fertility. Food security can only be achieved when a healthy and fertile soil is available to grow crops and animal feeds.
Innovative approach on common bean based technology generation and promotion ...Tropical Legumes III
Higher production of Common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L), is constrained with several biotic and abiotic factors and the common bean research program in Ethiopia aims at contributing to the improvement of the livelihoods of smallholder farmers through generation and promotion of improved varieties which are demand driven, climate-smart, and tolerant to biotic and abiotic constraint.
Need for Integrated Approach for Organic Plant Breeding to Secure Integrity o...LIVESEEDeu
A Presentation at LIVESEED workshop at BioFach 2019, Nurenberg, as part of the program on 12th February, 2019: LIVESEED Organic Plant Breeding in a System-Based Approach and the Value Chain
Case study presentation at CTA Workshop on “Climate Change Solutions that Work for farmers” : Improving farmers resilience to climate change in mountainous areas of southern Ethiopia through the introduction and diffusion of practices integrating soil and water conservation and diversified fodder production
By Getamesay Demeke
(August 2015)
Maggie Monast - Sustainability - EDF's Sustainable Sourcing InitiativeJohn Blue
Sustainability - EDF's Sustainable Sourcing Initiative - Maggie Monast, Environmental Defense Fund, from the 2014 Iowa Cattle Industry Convention, December 8 - 10, 2014, Des Moines IA, USA
More presentations at http://www.trufflemedia.com/agmedia/conference/2014-iowa-cattle-industry-convention
Similar to Feeds and forage research and development under SIMLESA project: Achievements and lessons (20)
Africa RISING project implementation and contribution in Ethiopia. Presented at Africa RISING close-out event.
24-25 January 2023
ILRI campus- Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Technique de compostage des tiges de cotonnier au Mali-Sudafrica-rising
Poster prepared by Moumini Guindo, Bouba Traoré, Birhanu Zemadim Birhanu, and Alou Coulibaly for the 13th Symposium of the Malian Society of Applied Sciences (MSAS), 01 July – 05 August 2022.
Flux des nutriments (N, P, K) des resources organiques dans les exploitations...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Moumini Guindo, Bouba Traoré, Birhanu Zemadim Birhanu, and Alou Coulibaly for the 13th Symposium of the Malian Society of Applied Sciences (MSAS), 01 July 1 – 05 August 2022.
Eliciting willingness to pay for quality maize and beans: Evidence from exper...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Julius Manda, Adane Tufa, Christopher Mutungi, Arega Alene, Victor Manyong and Tahirou Abdoulaye for the IITA Social Science Group Virtual Meeting, 7 December 2021.
The woman has no right to sell livestock: The role of gender norms in Norther...africa-rising
Presented by Kipo Jimah and Gundula Fischer (IITA) at the virtual conference on Cultivating Equality: Advancing Gender Research in Agriculture and Food Systems, 12-15 October 2021
Contribution of Africa RISING validated technologies, nutrition-education interventions to household nutrition and participatory nutrition-education need assessment with seasonal food availability in Amhara, Oromia and SNNP regions of Ethiopia
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Introduction:
RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression.
It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences.
dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants.
This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes.
What are small ncRNAs?
micro RNA (miRNA)
short interfering RNA (siRNA)
Properties of small non-coding RNA:
Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts.
Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long.
Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered).
Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA.
Discovery of siRNA?
The first small RNA:
In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the
development of the worm C. elegans.
Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14.
Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions.
Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA)
MiRNA
Length (23-25 nt)
Trans acting
Binds with target MRNA in mismatch
Translation inhibition
Si RNA
Length 21 nt.
Cis acting
Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence
Piwi-RNA
Length ; 25 to 36 nt.
Expressed in Germ Cells
Regulates trnasposomes activity
MECHANISM OF RNAI:
First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces.
Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands.
The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it.
THE RISC COMPLEX:
RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA
Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase
Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA.
DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III)
Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute
ARGONAUTE PROTEIN :
1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA
2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity.
MiRNA:
The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
The increased availability of biomedical data, particularly in the public domain, offers the opportunity to better understand human health and to develop effective therapeutics for a wide range of unmet medical needs. However, data scientists remain stymied by the fact that data remain hard to find and to productively reuse because data and their metadata i) are wholly inaccessible, ii) are in non-standard or incompatible representations, iii) do not conform to community standards, and iv) have unclear or highly restricted terms and conditions that preclude legitimate reuse. These limitations require a rethink on data can be made machine and AI-ready - the key motivation behind the FAIR Guiding Principles. Concurrently, while recent efforts have explored the use of deep learning to fuse disparate data into predictive models for a wide range of biomedical applications, these models often fail even when the correct answer is already known, and fail to explain individual predictions in terms that data scientists can appreciate. These limitations suggest that new methods to produce practical artificial intelligence are still needed.
In this talk, I will discuss our work in (1) building an integrative knowledge infrastructure to prepare FAIR and "AI-ready" data and services along with (2) neurosymbolic AI methods to improve the quality of predictions and to generate plausible explanations. Attention is given to standards, platforms, and methods to wrangle knowledge into simple, but effective semantic and latent representations, and to make these available into standards-compliant and discoverable interfaces that can be used in model building, validation, and explanation. Our work, and those of others in the field, creates a baseline for building trustworthy and easy to deploy AI models in biomedicine.
Bio
Dr. Michel Dumontier is the Distinguished Professor of Data Science at Maastricht University, founder and executive director of the Institute of Data Science, and co-founder of the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data principles. His research explores socio-technological approaches for responsible discovery science, which includes collaborative multi-modal knowledge graphs, privacy-preserving distributed data mining, and AI methods for drug discovery and personalized medicine. His work is supported through the Dutch National Research Agenda, the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, Horizon Europe, the European Open Science Cloud, the US National Institutes of Health, and a Marie-Curie Innovative Training Network. He is the editor-in-chief for the journal Data Science and is internationally recognized for his contributions in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and semantic technologies including ontologies and linked data.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
The ASGCT Annual Meeting was packed with exciting progress in the field advan...
Feeds and forage research and development under SIMLESA project: Achievements and lessons
1. Feeds and forage research and development under
SIMLESA project: Achievements and lessons
Endalkachew Wolde-Meskel, Aberra Adie, Melkamu Bezabih and Peter Thorne
Africa RISING Ethiopian Highlands Project Review and Planning Meeting
Addis Ababa, 21–22 May 2019
4. CA to contextualize with mixed crop-livestock system
Livestock are key source of livelihood for smallholders (Ethiopia, East Africa )
Farmers are keen to optimize crop-livestock productivity simultaneously
5. Grass weeds fill
the feed
shortage gaps
during the wet
season
Feed: limiting resource for livestock production in the mixed system
6. After end of SIMLESA Phase I, it has become clear that implementing CA
in mixed crop-livestock smallholder systems is difficult without a strong
alternative feed resource development
Background
7. Background
• ILRI came on board during SIMLESA phase two in 2015 to lead
the feed and forage research and development
• Increase feed biomass production at farm level through
better integration of cultivated forages in the system
• Improve utilization of available feed resources
8. Approaches
• Site selections by aligning with ongoing SIMLESA
agronomic interventions
o SNNPRS, Oromia, Amhara, Arusha (7 districts, 5 in Eth & 2 in TZ)
Partnerships
9. • System diagnosis using FEAST tool to describe the
system in relation to livestock production and
prioritize feed technology options that best work
under the local context
FEAST
Approaches
10. Approaches
Testing and demonstrating promising
forage options on-farm
Linking with Africa RISING project
and others for farmer validated
technologies
Engaging research partners (EIAR,
ARARI, and OARI) for demonstrations
11. Approaches
• Engaged development partners (Send A Cow and
Interaide France) for scaling forage technologies
• Information sharing platforms:
• Trainings
• Annual planning meetings,
• field days and visits
13. Feed and forage interventions
Results of FEAST assessment in the intervention sites:
• Farmers put feed shortage as a major constraint for
livestock production
• High seasonality in the availability and quality of
feed resources;
• Farmers are willing to invest/allocate land and
labor for forage
14. Feed and forage interventions
Based on the results of the initial assessment,
technology interventions prioritized and demonstrated
• Grass forages
• Legume forages
• Fodder trees
• Improved postharvest feed utilization techniques
15. Feed and forage interventions
• Menu of feed/forage options introduced and promoted
included
• Legumes
• Lablab
• Desmodium (green leaf)
• Cowpea
• Alfalfa
• Stylosanthes Spp
• Vetch
• Sweet lupin
17. Feed and forage interventions
• Fodder trees and shrubs
• Sesbania
• Leucaena L.
• Tree Lucerne
• Pigeon pea
Planted on soil bunds,
boarder lines and as
an alley crop
18. Feed /forage conservation/utilization
• Improved feed utilization practices
• Demonstration of improved feed
troughs and storage sheds
• Training and demonstration of
optimal mixing proportions for
cultivated forages and local feed
resources
• Short-term fattening of small
ruminants using cultivated
forages
19. Feed and forage interventions
• Grassland improvement work
• Testing the feasibility of alternative fertilizer
sources for grassland improvement
• Over-sowing
• Evaluating productivity, forage quality and species
diversity
20. Main achievements
Land area (ha) covered with different forage technologies
2016 2017 2018
Legume forages 31.5 22.3 26.4
Grass forages 11.1 18.0 20.6
Fodder trees 0.15 - 3.2
Total 42.8 40.3 50.2
On average 50 % of the participants are woman households
21. Main achievements
Households reached through different feed/forage production technologies
6099
11059
24225
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
2016 2017 2018
NumberofHouseHolds
Growing seasons
22. Main achievements
Benefits realized
- Forages as cash crop
- Feed available on-farm to feed own livestock
- Reduced runoffs in arable lands, increasing crop yields
- Increased biomass production at farm level (better
contribution to CA practices)
23. Main achievements
Forages as cash crop
Market for fresh fodder
and planting material is
growing
Farmers earn income from
direct sale of forage
Price of fresh forage: 1.75-
2.50 ETB/kg
29. Technical capacity building trainings to farmers and experts
Year Partner Male Female Total Category
2016
ARARI 72 12 84 Farmers training
ARARI 24 4 28 TOT
ARARI 104 10 114 Farmers training
BARC/OARI 62 43 105 Farmers training
WGARC/EIAR 171 93 264 Farmers training
2017
ARARI 75 15 90 Farmers training
SACE 12 6 18 TOT
SACE 280 159 439 Farmers training
Interaide 27 16 43 TOT
Interaide 263 150 413 Farmers training
2018
ARARI 40 9 49 Farmers training
SACE 36 9 45 TOT
SACE 247 157 404 Farmers training
Interaide 150 150 300 Farmers training
Interaide 65 45 110 TOT
Total 1628 878 2,506
Fact sheets and brochures distributed 24,000
(1 PhD, 3 MScs)
Achievements/results
30. Conclusion
Strong interest created and farmers
are willing more than ever to engage
in forage development
Integration of cultivated forage
in the cropping system helped
to realize improved biomass
yield, increased livestock
productivity and income
Cultivated forages enhances
environmental sustainability in the
mixed crop livestock system
Oats/vetch on farm, Damote, Ethiopia
Desho on bunds
Forage at the backyard
31. Conclusion
Engaging in improved forage
production appears
economically competitive and
attractive
Continuous support to create
strong market linkage is
important
Access to quality forage seed
supply remains a bottleneck.
Additional work on the seed
supply system is required
32. Conclusion
Employment
opportunities along the
fodder value chain appear
to benefit youth and rural
households
Increased on-farm feed
availability and improved
feed utilization practices
have a potential to reduce
burden on women and
children
Comment from a woman, SNNPR
• Now am free to go to market, no need for
someone to look after the animals.
• No need to go far to look for forages, it is
available on-farm
34. The presentation has a Creative Commons licence. You are free to re-use or distribute this work, provided credit is given to ILRI.
better lives through livestock
ilri.org
Editor's Notes
Mention SIMILESA is closing this June, and it is time to report achievements and hand over to projects and partners to further scaling up
This is a presentation of the achievements and lessons of ILRIIS contribution for the SIMLESA feed/forage components 2015 – 2018 and the closing and handing of the activities to sister projects and partners .