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1. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 06 | Jun 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2538
Applying Ferrocement Concept for Non- Gravity Weir Construction in
Rural Area.
Bhoite Dhanashri Sandeep1, Nale Kedar Arun2, Bankar Rutuja Durvachand3, Ranaware Sakshi
Anilrao4, Pathak Deepali Hemant5, Gaikwad Neetanjali Dattatray6
1Assistant Professor, Dept. of civil engineering, College of Engineering, Phaltan, Maharashtra, India.
2,3,4,5,6 Student, Dept. of civil engineering, College of Engineering, Phaltan, Maharashtra, India.
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Abstract – Now days, rural region of India is facing the
problem of drought as a reason of not storing rain water and
lack of ground water. Weir can overcome this problem but
weirs in RCC are not economical. Moreover due to lack of
financial funds, it is not easily possible to construct weir in
RCC. As a result, weir in ferrocement can be solution to
overcome this problem, as it has capability to prevail over this
cost barrier. The foremost goal of this study is to examine the
parameters of non-gravity weir in ferrocement in terms of
suitability, economic approach and construction period. The
current work is the study of construction of non-gravity weir
in ferrocement and study says that ferrocement can be good
substitute to RCC in non-gravity weir construction as it will
take less time and less cost to construct ascompared withRCC.
Key Words: Ferrocement, non-gravity weir, cost
effective, time effective, RCC.
1. INTRODUCTION
Ferrocement technology was invented by Joseph Louis who
constructed a boat with the system in 1848. Ferrocement is
the composite of iron (ferrous) and cement. It combines the
properties of thin sections and high strength of steel. In
construction of ferrocement structurewiremeshesarefilled
in with cement mortar. It is a composite which is formed
with closely knit wire mesh, tightly wound round skeletal
steel and impregnated with rich cement mortar. Asencasing
material, ferrocement isresistanttotaketensionandflexure.
It also takes over the properties like durability and
imperviousness. Ferrocement structure are usually
constructed with less thickness ultimately reduces the
required cement mortar which eventually minimize the
construction cost.
In rural region in India where there is lack of financial funds
ferrocement can be an effective and low-cost alternative
construction material. Theprominentgoal ofthisresearchis
to propose a non-gravity weir using ferrocementtechnology
which will reduce cost and time of weir projects.
2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Suitability of ferrocement for water retaining structure has
analyzed. Along with comparison of cost estimation for
proposed ferrocement weir and RCC weir has done.
Additionally comparative study is also given showing
property comparison of ferrocement and RCC.
2.1 Suitability of Ferrocement for Weir Structure
Initially ferrocement was usedintheconstructionofboats as
it is highly impermeable and light weight. A typical use of
ferrocement comprises water tanks, silos, boats and roofing
[5]. Ferrocement structures have upper hand over the
typical materials like RCC and wood as these are strong,
durable and waterproof [4]. Study says ferrocement has
excellent tensile and flexural behavior also it is an optimum
low-cost material for low-rise, earthquake resistant
structures [3].Ferro-cement has considerablestrengthandit
can maintain functional water-tightness. Plain concrete has
little resistance to impact (impulsive loads). The addition of
finely dispersed steel increases the impact strength
significantly. Although the mortar in tension cracks readily,
the steel wires allow for a significant absorption of energy
and act as crack arrestors [9].
By studying the properties of ferrocement, we concluded
that ferrocement can be a good substitute to the RCC in
weir construction.
2.2 Technical Parameters
Under previous heading we end up with non-gravity weir
can be constructed using ferrocement technology.
We have designed a non-gravity weir in ferrocement for
catchment area 336 m2.
Study says, an arch i.e. semicircular shape is strong enough
for resisting the compressive force of waterontheupstream
side of weir.
A curve or arch is the strongest form of structure because
lateral pressure on arch cause the walls of arch to go into
partial compression rather than tension [10]. So we have
devided the 8m vertical wall of weir in semicircular vaults
with intermediate inclined counterforts to counter
deflection. The inner diameter of vaults is 1.2m and outer
diameter is 1.9m. the thickness of each vault is 35mm [fig.9].

2. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 06 | Jun 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2539
height of each vault is 1.5m and width of slab beneath the
vertical wall is 1.2m [fig.2].
Figure 1- Plan
Figure 2 – section A-A’
Fabrication of skeleton: Steel rod of 8 mm should place at a
particular distance (as per calculation) to prepare
framework of specific height and diameter (as per
calculations). To make skeleton strong, use 4 horizontal and
2 vertical stiffeners. Keep the steel rods at a distance of one
foot. A steel mat should be prepared to cover the floor of the
1.2M wide layout. Then 8mm diameter rods to beinserted in
drilled holes and then the skeleton should tie perfectly with
winding wires. To give the stability and strength to skeleton
8mm diameter bars should be fixed perpendicular to
skeleton. All the counterfort rods should tie at an equal
distance to main vertical rod of arch.
Fixing of bars and meshes: layer of 24 gauge chicken mesh
should tie on both sides of the 14 gauge weld mesh by hook.
By tying these two meshes, one layer of these mesheswill be
formed. The tied mesh layer then should be wrapped
around the skeleton by using binding wires.Anotherlayer of
chicken mesh ties to inner side of skeleton.
Application of mortar: After casting skeleton, the holes
should be filled with cement mortar (1:2) and leave it for 1
day. Prepare (1): (2.5): (3.5) cement mortar mix proportion
[9]. Then that concrete should place on flooras raftafterthat
prepare mortar mix (1:3) for plastering.
Curing: Last process is to plaster the arches of weir by using
this mortar and leave it to set. Then curing should be done
for 10-12 days after masonry work done.
We have built model representing the proposed non-gravity
weir structure.
Image 1- Fabrication of skeleton
Image 2- Fixing of bars and meshes
Image 3- Application of mortar
2.3 Cost Analysis
A. By comparing cost estimation for both RCC and
ferrocement non-gravity weir construction it results that,
The difference in cost of 1 cubic meter block of RCC and
ferrocement for construction ofnon-gravityweirisRS.800/-
B. Ferrocement construction does not require formwork, so
expenses needed for formwork ultimately eliminated.
C. Study says, curing essential for ferrocement structure is
about 10 to 12 days (maximum) so, water charges and labor
charges needed for curing is eventually less as compared to
RCC [9].

3. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 06 | Jun 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2540
D. Maintenance cost of ferrocement structure is almost
negligible [1].
2.4 Time Analysis
1. Time required for construction of non-gravity weir using
ferrocement in rural region is came to be 25 days.
2. Time required for RCC weir structure construction was
calculated by prior industry experience which cametobe50
Days.
CONCLUSIONS
From the study of ferrocement, we concluded that
ferrocement is useful in water retaining structure and
ferrocement concreting concept can be applied in
construction of non-gravity weir.
By studying property comparison of RCC and ferrocement,
we learned that the ferrocement have tensile strength,
superior bond and shear strength thanRCCandferrocement
shows strength to weight ratio values higher than RCC.
By the stability check and calculations, it concluded that the
proposed ferrocement non-gravity weir possess all the
safety aspects as per standard norms.
By the comparison of estimated cost offerrocementandRCC
per cubic meter of non-gravity weir, we concluded that
ferrocement is economical over RCC.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are very thankful to our Project Guide Prof. Bhoite D.S.
for their valuable guidance. It is notpossiblewithoutthemto
complete this research work. Their technical assistance &
thorough knowledge was the key factor for completion of
this work.
REFERENCES
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[10] Wes Ashworth, Ashworth Engg, PLLC ( 1979- present)