The document summarizes guidelines for treating tuberculosis using three lines of antituberculosis drugs. First-line drugs like isoniazid and rifampin are usually effective but second and third-line drugs may be needed if resistance develops. The drugs have various mechanisms of action and are always used together to improve outcomes and prevent resistance. Close monitoring is needed due to potential adverse effects and drug interactions that require dosage adjustments.

1. Antituberculosis Drugs

9. Drug name Dosage / Route Usual Indications Capreomycin (Capastat) Adult: 1g/day IM for 60-120 days, followed by 1g IM 2-3 times per week for 18024 mo; reduce dosage with renal impairment Pediatric: 15 mg/kg/day IM Second-line drug for treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Cycloserine (Seromycin) Adult: 250 mg PO b.i.d. for 2 wk, then 500 mg to 1 g/day PO in divided doses Pediatric: safety not established Second-line drug for treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

10. Ethambutol (Myambutol) Adult: 15 mg/kg/day PO as a single dose Pediatric: not recommended for children < 13 yr. Second-line drug for treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ethionamide (Trecator S.C.) Adult: 15-20 mg/kg/day PO in divided doses with pyridoxine Pediatric: 10-20 mg/kg/day PO in divided doses with pyridoxine First-line drug for treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isoniazid (INH) (Nydrazid) Adult: 5 mg/kg/day PO Pediatric: 10-20 mg/kg/day PO First-line drug for treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

11. Pyrazinamide (Generic) Adult and Pediatric: 15-30 mg/kg/day PO Second-line drug for treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rifabutin (Mycobutin) Adult: 300 mg PO daily Pediatric: safety not established Treatment of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAC) in patients with advance HIV infection Rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane) Adult: 600 mg 2 times per week for 2 mo Pediatric: safety not established First-line drug for treatment of M. tuberculosis Rifapentine (Priftin) Adult: 600 mg PO 2 times per week for 2 mo Pediatric: safety not established First-line drug for treatment of M. tuberculosis