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Antinutrients
- 1. ANTI NUTRITIONAL FACTORS IN FOODS: TYPES, EFFECT ON NUTRITION AND HEALTH AND METHODS OF REDUCTION Presented By:- Riya Gupta griya2312@gmail.com
- 2. •WHAT IS ANTINURIENTS? •WHAT ARETHE PURPOSE OF ANTINUTRIENTS? •SHOULD WE BE WORRIED ABOUT ANTINURIENTS IN OUR FOOD?
- 3. WHAT ARE ANTI NUTRIET? Anti nutrients are naturals or synthetic compounds that block the absorption of nutrients and acts as toxins, exerting a negative effect on our body. They are found at some level in almost all food. Mostly in grains, legumes ,beans ,nuts , etc.
- 4. Simple purpose of anti nutrients:- •They are produced by plants as their defense mechanism. •It help in protection of plant’s seed from consumption and destruction by other organism. •It blocks the digestion of the injector so that the seed is excreted undamaged.
- 5. Types of Anti nutrients:- Anti nutrients are broadly divide into three types which are:- 1) Type A:- Anti proteins 2) Type B:- Anti minerals 3) Type C:- Anti vitamins
- 6. Anti proteins •Protease inhibitors are substances that inhibit the actions of trypsin, pepsin and other proteases in the gut, preventing the digestion and subsequent absorption of protein. For example, Bowman–Birk trypsin inhibitor is found in soybeans. •Trypsin inhibitors found in legumes are the proteins, these enzyme inhibitors interfere with digestion.
- 7. •Lectins is a common protein found in legumes , wheat germs etc. •They bind with villi of the small intestine and disturbs its functioning.
- 8. Anti minerals Substances interfering with the utilization of essential mineral. Phytic acid prevents the complex formation between iron and gastroferrium. Thus prevents iron absorption in human body
- 9. Oxalic acid interferes the calcium absorption. Gossypol is anti nutrient found in cotton seeds. It forms insoluble chelates with many essential metals, such as iron, and binds to amino acid of protein. It also reduces the availability of food proteins and inactivate important enzymes.
- 10. Phytate Controversy In a book, 'Diet for the Atomic Age’ ,Sara Shannon, lists 11 nutrients in particular that protect against heavy metal toxicity and radiation damage. Phytates bind with radioactive and toxic substances and carry them out of the body. Aware of phytic acid’s mineral binding properties, Shannon states that an adequate amount of this is essential in our diet. Solanine and Chaconine are also antinutrients which are beneficial in less amounts but at higher levels can be toxic to the body.
- 11. DIETARY FIBER AS ANTINUTRIENTS. •Its is a food components which is derived by plant cell wall. •Its consist of pectic substances,plant gums,cellulose,etc •It has a protective factor.
- 12. Substances interfering with the the utilization of essential vitamins. • Can decompose vitamins • Form unabsorbable complexes with them • Interfere with their digestive or metabolic utilization Antivitamins
- 13. ANTI VITAMINS FACTORS:- •Ascorbic acid oxidase •Antithamine factors •Tannins •Anti pyridoxine factors.
- 15. Sources of major Anti Nutrients & their Effects Ant nutrients and its Sources Positive Effect Negative Effect Lectins: Grains, seeds, nuts, legumes, nightshade vegetables, diary, eggs. Anti carcinogenic(research is still in the preliminary stages) • neurodegenerative disease, • inflammatory diseases • blood clotting Phytic acid: bran of grains and pseudo-grains, all kind of seeds, nuts, legumes, potatoes • Antioxidant and ant carcinogenic • Reduce cardiovascular diseases • Reduce glycemic response, so diabetes • Binding of heavy metals • Causes deficiency of iron, zinc, calcium and other minerals • Reduce the digestibility of starches, proteins, and fats. Tannins: legumes, some fruits and vegetables, tea, chocolate, wine, coffee, vinegar • Antioxidant and ant carcinogenic • Antimicrobial • Zinc and iron deficiency, • decrease in both growth rate and body weight gain • inhibition of digestive enzymes.
- 16. Oxalic Acid: •Grains , nuts, soya ,spinach , black tea, some fruits and vegetables. … • Binding with calcium: Calcium and magnesium deficiency, kidney stones, disturb digestive enzymes. Gluten: grains including corn rice etc. • gastrointestinal distress. • enzyme inhibitor • leaky gut syndrome or autoimmune disease Saponins: Legumes, pseudo-grains, potatoes, red wine • Decreases cholesterol • Ant carcinogenic • Leaky-gut, • disturb digestive enzymes Avidin: Egg white • Antibiotic • Vitamin B 8 deficiency Trypsin inhibitor: grains and legumes May be ant carcinogenic • Growth inhibition and pancreatitis
- 19. Soaking • Beans and other legumes are often soaked in water overnight to improve their nutritional value. • Most of the ant nutrients in these foods are found in the skin. Since many anti nutrients are water soluble, they simply dissolve when foods are soaked
- 20. Sprouting • This process increases the availability of nutrients in seeds, grains and legumes. • During Sprouting , changes take place within the seed that lead to the degradation of anti nutrients such as phytate and protease inhibitor.
- 21. Heating • High heat , especially when boiling can degrade anti nutrients like lecithin, tannins and protease inhibitors. • Calcium oxalate is reduced by 19-87% in boiled green leafy vegetables.
- 22. THEY CAN CAUSE CERTAIN AMOUNT OF RISKS IN OUR BODY BUT ALSO HAS ITS PERKS.
- 23. EATING APPROPRIATE DOSES Counteracting the effects of anti nutrients with other food.
- 24. EVALUATION AND PROTECTION Individual ability to tolerate and digest these anti nutrients is based on a host of factors including genetics ,dose ,other toxins ,age , digestion and other factors.
- 25. THANKYOU!